Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is an endemic protozoal disease in Iraq. Recovery from the disease confers a solid and permanent immunity. Vaccination with a living inoculum of promastigotes isolated from culture reduce the incidence of disease.
Objective: To show the efficacy of different types of antigens for protection of Balb/c mice against cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Methods: Thirty Balb Ic mice were divided in to six groups, groups 1-4 were immunized with different types of antigens (heat killed, freezing-thawing, formalin fixed and ultrasonicated). Received June 2005 Group 5 was treated with freshly harvested viable promastigotes from liquid medium as positive Accepted Nov. 2005 control and group 6 was kept as negative control. Leishmanin test was used for estimation of hypersensitivity of skin. Results: Immunization with antigens preparation revealed that, the immunized mice became resistant to infection.
Conclusion: Immunization of mice against cutaneous leishmaniasis is possible by using different types of antigens. Key words: Immunisation, cutaneous leishmaniasis, mice.
Data mining is one of the most popular analysis methods in medical research. It involves finding patterns and correlations in previously unknown datasets. Data mining encompasses various areas of biomedical research, including data collection, clinical decision support, illness or safety monitoring, public health, and inquiry research. Health analytics frequently uses computational methods for data mining, such as clustering, classification, and regression. Studies of large numbers of diverse heterogeneous documents, including biological and electronic information, provided extensive material to medical and health studies.
Since its discovery in December 2019, corona virus was outbreak worldwide with very rapid rate, so it described by WHO as pandemic. It associated with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, and can enter to cells through Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE 2) receptor which play an important role as regulator for blood pressure. Hypertension is a potential risk factor for sever acute respiratory syndrome COVID-19, and associated with high mortality rate as shown in many epidemiological studies. Moreover, specific antihypertensive medications that infected patients were receiving are not known; only data about renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) are available.
Background: All though the most common etiology of lumbar radiculopathy is herniated disc or spinal stenosis, however there are several intraspinal or extra spinal pathogenic processes that may cause lumbar radiculopathy.
Objective: To assess how often, and review the pathologies that cause non discogenic lumbar radiculopathy.
Patients and Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 600 patients who had lumbar radiculopathy. During one year period we examined 600 patients in outpatient clinic with presumed diagnosis of lumbar disc herniation.Through history and comprehensive physical and neurological examination were performed for all patients. Diagnostic test were done including laboratory, electrophysiological and radiological
the pursue of social systems history present to us solid evidence that the collapse of that systems be caused by either the stagnancy aftermath maturity or unreal intellectual foundation which lead to sudden collapse, while the capitalism can avoided that intellectual damages due to its dynamic system with appropriate auto adaptation mechanism and use it excellently in the right time.
The globalization had excrete (as one of the capitalism adaptation mechanism) its own targets and its methods in framework of multinationals corporations which consist with capitalism states that employed the international organizations to reconstruction the global economy to serve such targets. So the glob
... Show MoreA new series polymers was synthesized from reaction starting material Bisacodyl A or [(2-Pyridinylmethylene) di-4, 1-phenylene di acetate] with hydrogen bromide, then the products were polymerized by addition polymerization from used adipoyl and glutaroyl chloride. The structure of these compounds was characterized by FT-IR, melting points, TLC, X-Ray, DSC and 1H-NMR for starting material. These compounds were also screened for their antibacterial activists?
The electric submersible pump, also known as ESP, is a highly effective artificial lift method widely used in the oil industry due to its ability to deliver higher production rates compared to other artificial lift methods. In principle, ESP is a multistage centrifugal pump that converts kinetic energy into dynamic hydraulic pressure necessary to lift fluids at a higher rate with lower bottomhole pressure, especially in oil wells under certain bottomhole condition fluid, and reservoir characteristics. However, several factors and challenges can complicate the completion and optimum development of ESP deployed wells, which need to be addressed to optimize its performance by maximizing efficiency and minimizing costs and uncertainties. To
... Show MoreA graphene-based battery-like supercapacitors (SC) were manufactured. The prime objective of this research was to use environmentally friendly and natural materials as possible for the SC electrodes, electrolytes and the separators. The SC were designed in cells like batteries, three types of plastic cases were used as SC cells; the electrode and electrolyte materials were mixed together and a solution formed and placed in the designed cell. The electrode material was graphene powder with different weights mixed with different volumes of electrolytes (which were: lemon juice, apple vinegar, H2SO4 and HNO3), and the separators used were Polytetrafluoroethylene polymer (PTFE) and cellulose based parchment paper (PP).
Charging circuit wa
A theoretical and experimental investigation was carried out to study the behavior of a two-phase closed thermosyphon loop (TPCTL) during steady-state operation using different working fluids. Three working fluids were investigated, i.e., distilled water, methanol, and ethanol. The TPCTL was constructed from an evaporator, condenser, and two pipelines (riser and downcomer). The driving force is the difference in pressure between the evaporator and condenser sections and the fluid returns to the heating section by gravity. In this study, the significant parameters used in the experiments were filling ratios (FR%) of 50%, 75%, and 100% and heat-input range at the evaporator section of 215-860.2 W. When the loop reached to
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