Objective :.
1-Find out the prevalence of alcohol and drugs addiction in two different years before and after the last
war i.e. in 2002 and in 200. 2-Study the association between the addiction
and some variables. 3-Identify the prescribed drugs and other substances that
have been abused
Methodology : A retrospective study has been conducted involving the in-patients at addiction unit-IbnRushd
psychiatric hospital in Baghdad by applying the semi-structured form based on ICD-10 criteria
of addiction and dependency with the confirmation of the specialist psychiatrist diagnosis of
dependency. Data concerning each patient admitted in the hospital was gathered to have an idea about
the problem of addiction (drugs and alcohol) during the year 2002 and the year 2004. The total number
of the patients was 286.
Results : The results showed that drug addiction was significantly increased more than alcohol, 73%
of admissions in 2002 were alcoholic while in 2004, 40.8% of in-patients were alcoholic.
In 2004, the drug addiction in patients was 58.2% and in 2002 was only 27%, which was statistically
significance.
All patients were males; young age, single, and unemployed. The most common drug was benzhexol
(artane) either alone or with other drugs or mixed with alcohol.
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In this research, the preparation of bidentate Schiff base was carried out via the condensation reaction of both the salicylaldehyde with 1-phenyl-2,3-dimethyl-4-amino-5-oxo-pyrazole to form the ligand (L). The mentioned ligand was used to prepare complexes with transition metal ions Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II). The resulting complexes were separated and characterized by FTIR and UV-Vis spectroscopic technique. Elemental analysis for Carbon, Hydrogen and Nitrogen elements, electronic spectra of the ligand and complexes were obtained, and the magnetic susceptibility tests were also achieved to measure the dipole moments. The molar conductivities were also measured and determination of chlorine content in the complexes and
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Four complexes of Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II) and Zn(II) with the azo ligand (4-chloro-N-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-5-((2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethylphenol)diazenyl)-2-methoxybenzamide) L. The structure of ligand and complexes were confirmed on the basis of their analytical and spectral data, these dyes were tested as dyeing in cotton fabric, and also testing in light and cleaner firmness. Also, antimicrobial and antifungal activities of ligand and their complexes were evaluated and the results showed that the ZnL compound showed the higher antibacterial activity with inhibition zone of 13mm against Staphyloco-ccus epidermidis, Steptococcus sp. and Escherichia coli compared with ligand and other metal complexes .In case of ZnL compound the antifungal activ
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This paper is concerned with introducing and studying the first new approximation operators using mixed degree system and second new approximation operators using mixed degree system which are the core concept in this paper. In addition, the approximations of graphs using the operators first lower and first upper are accurate then the approximations obtained by using the operators second lower and second upper sincefirst accuracy less then second accuracy. For this reason, we study in detail the properties of second lower and second upper in this paper. Furthermore, we summarize the results for the properties of approximation operators second lower and second upper when the graph G is arbitrary, serial 1, serial 2, reflexive, symmetric, tra
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The new Hexadentate complexes type [M(H3L3)]K were prepared from the condensation reaction of Diphenylmonoxime and KOH with (Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), and Hg(II)) in methanol with 3:1 ligand : metal ratio to give a series of new complexes of the general formula [M(H3L3)]K (where: M(II) = Mn ,Co ,N ,Cu ,Zn and Hg).All compounds have been Characterized by spectroscopic methods [I.R, U.v-Vis, atomic absorption and microanalysis (C.H.N) along with conductivity measurements. The stability constant K and Gibbs free energy ∆G were calculated for [Co (H3L3)] K, [Ni (H3L3)] K and [Cu (H3L3)] K and complexes using spectrophotometer method. The obtained values indicate that these complexes stable in their solution. From the above data
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