A series of experiments were conducted to evaluate the antibacterial effect of Cinnamomum zealynicum bark aqueous , methanol, and chloroform extracts against some gram positive and gram negative pathogenic bacteria which isolated from wound, throat infection, urine and stool during the period from December /2013 to February /2014 from Alkarama hospital in Wasit. All these isolates were identified by using VITEK2 compact system. Antibiotic sensitivity test of the bacterial isolates was determined for ten antibiotics. Chemical analysis showed that Cinnamomum zeylanicum bark extracts contained different active compounds (phenoles, alkaloids, tannins, glycosides, coumarins, saponins, resins flavones and essential oil). The laboratory tests of antibacterial activity , showed that Staphylococcus aureus was the most affected by the extracts under study then followed with Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae respectively. Aqueous extract showed highest values in MIC (400 μg/ml) and MBC (450 μg/ml) for S aureus, followed by chloroform (350 μg/ml, MIC and 400 μg/ml, MBC), then methanol (335 μg/ml, MIC and 375 μg/ml MBC) while the lowest values were recorded for K. pneumonia (MIC 175, 200 and 250 μg/ml, and MBC 200, 250 and 300 μg/ml respectively). In other hand inhibition zones appeared at 200 μg/ml for S. aureus and E. faecalis, and at 300 μg/ml for E. coli and S. pneumonia, and at 400 μg/ml for K. pneumoniae for aqueous extract, while methanol extract inhibition zones started from 100 μg/ml for S. aureus, and at 200 μg/ml for S. pneumonia and E. faecalis, and at 300 μg/ml for K. pneumonia and E. coli. Chloroform extract showed inhibition zones for S. pneumonia, E. faecalis and S. aureus at 200 μg/ml and for E coli and K. pneumoniae at 300 μg/ml.
We examine 10 hypothetical patients suffering from some of the symptoms of COVID 19 (modified) using topological concepts on topological spaces created from equality and similarity interactions and our information system. This is determined by the degree of accuracy obtained by weighing the value of the lower and upper figures. In practice, this approach has become clearer.
Characterization is commonly known in stylistics to be the cognitive process in the readers' minds when comprehending a fictional character in a literary work .In one approach, it is assumed that characters are the outcome of the interaction between the words in the text on the one hand and the contents of our heads on the other. This paper is an attempt to understand how characterization is achieved by applying Culpeper’s (2001) model which seems to be to present a method of analysis that is more objective and more systematic in analyzing characters. Two characters are selected for discussion; Ralph and Jack from Golding’s (1954) Lord of the Flies. The novel talks about the corruption of human beings and the capacity of evil th
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Balad –Rooz is considered as one of the endemic foci of Schistosomiasisin Iraq.A survey was performed during the first three months of 2002 in fewprimary schools in Balad –Rooz to assess the prevalence among them.
Background: Atrophic postoperative and traumatic scarring are common cosmetic problems for patients. Combining CO2 laser ablation with a fractional photothermolysis system in a treatment known as ablative fractional resurfacing fulfilling the new demands for a lesser risk of side effects and minimal or no downtime.Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of ablation fractional CO2 laser treatments for surgical scarring .methods: Twenty one patient ( 14 women, and 7 men ) with various skin types , I to IV , aged 3 to 48 years , presents with 24 scars between June and December 2012 , four patients excluded from study because they are not continued in follow up , the remaining 17 patient completed all 3 treatments & 6 months follow
... Show MoreThe development of new cephalosporins with improved activity against resistant microbes, such as, MRSA (methicillin resistant Staph. aureus), P. aeruginosa, is of high potential. Chemical synthesis of two new series of thiadiazole linked to cysteine (series 1) and cephalosporins containing thiadiazole linked to cysteine through disulfide bond (series 2) were achieved. The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed using spectral (FT-IR, 1H-NMR) and elemental microanalysis. The incorporation of privileged chemical moieties, such as, thiadiazole, Schiff base, cysteine and sulfonamide, has been found to have great contribution to the antimicrobial activities. Compounds of series 1 (1
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The aim: to evaluate combined microscopy techniques for determining the morphological and optical properties of methadone hydrochloride (MDN) crystals. Materials and methods: MDN crystal formation was optimized using a closed container method and crystals were characterized using polarized light microscope (PLM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal microscopy (CM). SEM and CM were used to determine MDN crystal thickness and study its relationship with crystal retardation colours using the Michel-Levy Birefringence approach. Results: Dimensions (mean±SD) of diamond shaped MDN crystals were confirmed using SEM and CM. Crystals were 46.4±15.2 Vs 32.0±8.3 µm long, 28.03±8.2 Vs 20.85±5.5 µm wide, and 6.62±
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