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Application of Probit Analysis in Studying the Allelopathy Phenomenon
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   Probit analysis is a type of regression used to analyze the relationship between a stimulus and the quantal response. Allelopathy refers to direct or indirect negative or positive effects of one plant on another through the release of chemical compounds into the environment. This study was carried out to apply probit analysis in investigating the allelopathic effects of the leaves aqueous extracts of apple of Sodom [Calotropis procera (Aiton) W.T.] on the inhibition of seed germination of African rattlebox (Crotalaria saltiana Andr.). A laboratory experiments were carried out at the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Gezira, Sudan in season 2014/15. Ten concentrations (2.3, 4.6, 7.0, 9.3, 11.6, 13.9, 16.2, 18.5, 20.8 and 23.2 g/l) leaves aqueous extract of apple of Sodom were prepared from the stock solution (50 g / l). A control with sterilized-distilled water was included for comparison. Treatments were arranged in completely randomized design with four replicates. The seeds were examined for inhibition (%) in germination at three days after initial germination. Collected data were transformed using Abbott’s formula and subjected to probit analysis procedure (P £ 0.5). The results showed that the leaves aqueous extract of apple of Sadom had allelopathic effects on seed germination of African rattlebox and there was direct positive relationship between concentration (g/l) and inhibition (%). Also, the data indicated that plotting of corrected inhibition (%) against concentration (%) formed a sigmoid curve. Probit analysis transformed the sigmoid concentration-response curve to a straight line. Hence, the LC25 (2.16 g/l), LC50 (8.55 g/l) and LC75 (33.88 g/l) were accurately estimated. It was concluded that probit analysis is appropriate procedure in studying the allelopathy phenomenon.

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 27 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Studies of New [Tetrakis (1, 2, 4-Triazole / 1, 3, 4-Oxadiazole / 1, 3, 4-Thiadiazole] [Bis-(Benzene-1, 3, 5-Triyl)] Dioxymethylene Compounds
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     Synthesis of new heterocyclic compounds containing four five-membered rings together was the main goal of this work. The new derivatives of [tetrakis (1,2,4-triazole /1,3,4-thiadiazole /1,3,4-oxadiazole][bis-(benzene-1,3,5-triyl)] dioxymethylene A7-A18 were synthesized by the reaction of [bis-(dimethyl 5-yl-isophthalate)] dioxymethylene compound A1 which was previously prepared from the reaction of 1,2-dibromomethan and dimethyl 5-hydroxyisophthalate, then treated with hydrazine hydrate to yield the corresponding acid hydrazide A2. In the next step, compound A2 was refluxed with 4-substituted isothiocyanate to give substituted thiosemicarbazides A3-A6. The treatment of the latter compounds in basic medium of 2M o

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 02 2013
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis and Spectral Studies of Co(II),Ni(II),Zn(II) and Cd(II) Complexes with Ligand 2-[4- Carboxy methyl phenyl azo] -4,5-diphenyl imidazole (4CMeI)
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A new chelate complexes of Co(II),Ni(II),Zn(II) and Cd(II) were prepared by reacting these ions with the ligand 2-[4- Carboxy methyl phenyl azo]-4,5-diphenyl imidazole (4CMeI) The preparation were conducted after fixing the optimum conditions such as (pH) and concentration .UV- visible spectra of these complex solutions were studied for a range of (pH) and concentration which obey lampert-Beers Law.The structures of complexes were deduced according to mole ratio method which were obtained from the spectroscopic studies of the complex solutions .The ratios of metal: ligand obtained were (1:2) for all complexes..(UV-Vis) absorption spectra and The infrared spectra of the chelating complexes were studied ,this may indicate that coordination be

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 08 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Synthesis and Characterization of [Benzyl (2-hydroxy-1naphthylidene) hydrazine carbodithioate] and Its Metal Complexes With [Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II)] Ions
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  The formation of  Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II)-complexes (C1-C5) respectively was studied with new Schiff base ligand [benzyl(2-hydroxy-1-naphthalidene) hydrazine carbodithioate  derived from reaction of  2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde and benzyl hydrazine carbodithioate. The suggested structures of the ligand and its complexes have been determined   by using C.H.N.S analyzer, thermal analysis, FT-IR, U.V-Visible, 1HNMR, 13CNMR , conductivity measurement , magnetic susceptibility and atomic absorption. According to these studies,  the ligand coordinates as  a tridentate with metal ions through nitrogen atom of azomethane , oxygen atom of  hydroxyl, and  sulfur atom of thione  

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 08 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Thermal Emission from Binary Millisecond Pulsar Stars (MSPs)
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Pulsar stars divided into two types depending on the periods of rotation, normal
emission Pulsar and Millisecond pulsars (MSPs). In this paper, the effect of the
strong magnetic field on the thermal emission in Millisecond pulsar stars is
concentrated. Also the luminosity spin down (Lsp) are calculated depends on the
periods (P), and Period derivative (
P
) for sample stars which were adopted. The
relation between internal and surface magnetic field is illustrated. The model that
which adopted is Hallo Cone Model (HCM)). The total magnetic dipole radiation
power (heating power Wh) of all super fluid neutrons in MSPs stars is calculated.
For sample stars of MSPs , the value of transition period (Ptr) was d

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 30 2022
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
جدلية جدليّة العقل والنّقل وعلاقتهما بالاستدلال مسائل الاعتقاد بين مدرستي أهل الحديث والأشاعرة: - عرض ومناقشة
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This research highlights one of the most important issues that have been controversial between Islamic schools, which is the duality of Intellect  and Revelation and the nature of their relationship, in two core points:

The first point: Could there be a real conflict between Intellect  and revelation? While the school of hadith view that this assumption is a rational assumption that does not real as long as the revelation is correct and the Intellect  is clear, and that what is claimed are due to other Intellect s, we find that the Ash’ari school adopts the saying that the real conflict may occur, but rather confirms its occurrence.

The second point: For whom is the priority, for the Intellect  or th

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Diagnosing Pilgrimage Common Diseases by Interactive Multimedia Courseware
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In this study, we attempt to provide healthcare service to the pilgrims. This study describes how a multimedia courseware can be used in making the pilgrims aware of the common diseases that are present in Saudi Arabia during the pilgrimage. The multimedia courseware will also be used in providing some information about the symptoms of these diseases, and how each of them can be treated. The multimedia courseware contains a virtual representation of a hospital, some videos of actual cases of patients, and authentic learning activities intended to enhance health competencies during the pilgrimage. An examination of the courseware was conducted so as to study the manner in which the elements of the courseware are applied in real-time learn

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
2-Rowed Plane Overpartitions Modulo 8 and 16
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 In a recent study, a special type of plane overpartitions known as k-rowed plane overpartitions has been studied. The function  denotes the number of plane overpartitions of n with a number of rows at most k. In this paper, we prove two identities modulo 8 and 16 for  the plane overpartitions with at most two rows. We completely specify the  modulo 8. Our technique is based on expanding each term of the infinite product of the generating function of the  modulus 8 and 16 and in which the proofs of the key results are dominated by an intriguing relationship between the overpartitions and the sum of divisors, which reveals a considerable link among these functions modulo powers of 2.

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 07 2014
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
An Algorithm for nth Order Intgro-Differential Equations by Using Hermite Wavelets Functions
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In this paper, the construction of Hermite wavelets functions and their operational matrix of integration is presented. The Hermite wavelets method is applied to solve nth order Volterra integro diferential equations (VIDE) by expanding the unknown functions, as series in terms of Hermite wavelets with unknown coefficients. Finally, two examples are given

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Detecting Textual Propaganda Using Machine Learning Techniques
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Social Networking has dominated the whole world by providing a platform of information dissemination. Usually people share information without knowing its truthfulness. Nowadays Social Networks are used for gaining influence in many fields like in elections, advertisements etc. It is not surprising that social media has become a weapon for manipulating sentiments by spreading disinformation.  Propaganda is one of the systematic and deliberate attempts used for influencing people for the political, religious gains. In this research paper, efforts were made to classify Propagandist text from Non-Propagandist text using supervised machine learning algorithms. Data was collected from the news sources from July 2018-August 2018. After annota

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 01 2012
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Internet and Press Blogging
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The emergence of the Internet and its transformation in the early nineties of the last century led to a means of mass communication that brought about significant structural changes in the media map.

Over the course of historical development, the public did not engage the media in its behavior in the implementation and dissemination of an idea, generalization or theory put forward by media experts or practitioners through these means to do it. Blogs represent the most important service provided by the Internet in recent years which has gained special importance in the media field. Where the word “Blogs” has several names: (alternative media), (blogging press), (popular press) and other names.

The medi

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