In this work, lead oxide (PbO) thin films were deposited using D.C. sputtering method on a surface of glass substrates and then thermally annealed at a temperature of 473K with annealing times of (1,2 and 3) hours. The structural, morphological, and optical properties of films were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), FT-IR, and UV-Visible spectroscopy. The structure studies confirmed that PbO films are polycrystalline structures in an orthorhombic phase with average grain size (24.51, 29.64, 46.49, 16) nm with increasing annealing time. From AFM, the roughness of the film surface (3.26, 1.76, 1.61, 1.79) nm as the film annealing time increases. The optical band gap values of the PbO thin films are (3.9, 2.8, 3.7, 2.4) eV as the annealing time increases.
The sending of information at the present time requires the speed and providing protection for it. So compression of the data is used in order to provide speed and encryption is used in order to provide protection. In this paper a proposed method is presented in order to provide compression and security for the secret information before sending it. The proposed method based on especial keys with MTF transform method to provide compression and based on RNA coding with MTF encoding method to provide security. The proposed method based on multi secret keys. Every key is designed in an especial way. The main reason in designing these keys in special way is to protect these keys from the predication of the unauthorized users.
Various document types play an influential role in a lot of our lives activities today; hence preserving their integrity is an important matter. Such documents have various forms, including texts, videos, sounds, and images. The latter types' authentication will be our concern here in this paper. Images can be handled spatially by doing the proper modification directly on their pixel values or spectrally through conducting some adjustments to some of the addressed coefficients. Due to spectral (frequency) domain flexibility in handling data, the domain coefficients are utilized for the watermark embedding purpose. The integer wavelet transform (IWT), which is a wavelet transform based on the lifting scheme,
... Show MoreIslam was keen to get every man and woman a share of those benefits and wanted to marry and urged him. In order to unite efforts and articulates the arrow and clarifies the goal and I have a share in building a sober Islamic society, for all this and other research title is ((modern or planting and its impact on marital happiness)).
Singapore has invested its human resources for the development of the country since earlier times, so it has directed attention to the education sector. Education and development complement each other, as investment in education has contributed over several years to the development of Singapore economy and has made it one of the strongest economies in Asia and the world. Despite the obstacles that faced educational policies in Singapore, the presence of a wise leadership capable of overcoming difficulties and solving them, and providing the appropriate atmosphere for the development of education has contributed significantly to making it one of the most advanced educational systems in the world, and making this system the main pillar for
... Show MoreBackground
Medical child abuse describes a child receiving unnecessary, harmful, or potentially harmful medical care at the caretaker's instigation.
Objectives
To focus on medical child abuse as an entity and emphasize its epidemiology, clinical presentations, prevention, and management.
Results
In the UK, the annual incidence of medical child abuse in children below one year increased to 3:100,000, while its prevalence in Arabs, including Iraq, is ambiguous due to lack of evidence and improper clinician's awareness. The mean age at diagnosis is 14 months to 2.7 years. Female caregivers are the most common offenders. Clinically, medical child abuse
... Show MoreThe research aims to release the concept of auditing reporting and its role in the rationalization of economic decisions in the companies listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange from the viewpoint of academics, professionals, investors and lenders. Auditor reporting witnessed the great progress in many areas addressed many of the previous studies compare with Iraqi auditors reporting because there are some defects in these aria .The research problem focused whether the auditor report in Iraq is contains useful information to rationalize investment decisions & lending decisions in the shareholding companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange , and under that premise , " There is statistically significant relationship between the reporting au
... Show MoreRecently, digital communication has become a critical necessity and so the Internet has become the most used medium and most efficient for digital communication. At the same time, data transmitted through the Internet are becoming more vulnerable. Therefore, the issue of maintaining secrecy of data is very important, especially if the data is personal or confidential. Steganography has provided a reliable method for solving such problems. Steganography is an effective technique in secret communication in digital worlds where data sharing and transfer is increasing through the Internet, emails and other ways. The main challenges of steganography methods are the undetectability and the imperceptibility of con
... Show MoreImage fusion is one of the most important techniques in digital image processing, includes the development of software to make the integration of multiple sets of data for the same location; It is one of the new fields adopted in solve the problems of the digital image, and produce high-quality images contains on more information for the purposes of interpretation, classification, segmentation and compression, etc. In this research, there is a solution of problems faced by different digital images such as multi focus images through a simulation process using the camera to the work of the fuse of various digital images based on previously adopted fusion techniques such as arithmetic techniques (BT, CNT and MLT), statistical techniques (LMM,
... Show MoreThe research tagged (functional enhancement and its reflection on industrial product systems) focused on the possibility of enhancing industrial products in terms of form and functionality in a way that they are able to meet the needs of the user through the impact of technology and modern technologies on the functional enhancement of industrial products and their effectiveness in achieving formal and functional design variables, and producing products Industrial products are highly efficient and durable in order to improve them in order to meet the needs of the user, the transfer of technology between life forms and industrial products is desirable because the functional enhancement processes that occurred in general on industrial produ
... Show MoreLike the digital watermark, which has been highlighted in previous studies, the quantum watermark aims to protect the copyright of any image and to validate its ownership using visible or invisible logos embedded in the cover image. In this paper, we propose a method to include an image logo in a cover image based on quantum fields, where a certain amount of texture is encapsulated to encode the logo image before it is included in the cover image. The method also involves transforming wavelets such as Haar base transformation and geometric transformation. These combination methods achieve a high degree of security and robustness for watermarking technology. The digital results obtained from the experiment show that the values of Peak Sig
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