The current research deals with studying the petrophysical properties represented by the porosity and its distribution on the level of all units of the top and bottom of the Kirkuk Formation Group. The study area is located in Maysan province in the south-eastern part of Iraq in the Amara field. The Kirkuk Group was deposited in the Tertiary Age. The post-stack method using seismic inversion and creating a relationship between seismic data was accomplished using Hampson-Russel software at well Am-1 and Seismic lines Ama 20 and 30. The research results indicate high porosity values on top of the formation with a decrease in acoustic impedance (Z) and, therefore, a reduction in the density. At the same time, low porosity values were indica

Optical Mark Recognition (OMR) is the technology of electronically extracting intended data from marked fields, such as squareand bubbles fields, on printed forms. OMR technology is particularly useful for applications in which large numbers of hand-filled forms need to be processed quickly and with a great degree of accuracy. The technique is particularly popular with schools and universities for the reading in of multiple choice exam papers. This paper proposed OMRbased on Modify Multi-Connect Architecture (MMCA) associative memory, its work in two phases: training phase and recognition phase. The proposed method was also able to detect more than one or no selected choice. Among 800 test samples with 8 types of grid answer sheets and tota

This paper focus on study the variations of monthly tropospheric NO₂ concentrations over three Iraqi cities Baghdad (33.3° N, 44.4° E), Basrah (30.56° N, 47.8° E) and Erbil (36.3° N, 44.06° E). Monthly NO₂ retrievals from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) onboard Aura satellite during the period from October 2004 to March 2013 have been used.  The results show a high monthly and annual NO₂ concentrations at Baghdad than Basra and Erbil may be attribute to high densely populations and a high economic activity. During the whole period, Baghdad, Basrah and Erbil were exhibited an average of NO₂ (8.1±2.5), (3.7±1.3) and (3.3±1.7) in unit 10¹⁵ molecules

This paper present a study about effect of the random phase and expansion of the scale sampling factors to improve the monochrome image hologram and compared it with previous produced others. Matlab software is used to synthesize and reconstruction hologram.

One of the serious problems in any wireless communication system using multi carrier modulation technique like Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is its Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR).It limits the transmission power due to the limitation of dynamic range of Analog to Digital Converter and Digital to Analog Converter (ADC/DAC) and power amplifiers at the transmitter, which in turn sets the limit over maximum achievable rate.

        This issue is especially important for mobile terminals to sustain longer battery life time. Therefore reducing PAPR can be regarded as an important issue to realize efficient and affordable mobile communication services.

This paper presents a new and effective procedure to extract shadow regions of high- resolution color images. The method applies this process on modulation the equations of the band space a component of the C1-C2-C3 which represent RGB color, to discrimination the region of shadow, by using the detection equations in two ways, the first by applying Laplace filter, the second by using a Kernel Laplace filter, as well as make comparing the two results for these ways with each other's. The proposed method has been successfully tested on many images Google Earth Ikonos and Quickbird images acquired under different lighting conditions and covering both urban, roads. Experimental results show that this algorithm which is simple and effective t

     Analysis of image content is important in the classification of images, identification, retrieval, and recognition processes. The medical image datasets for content-based medical image retrieval (  are large datasets that are limited by high computational costs and poor performance. The aim of the proposed method is to enhance this image retrieval and classification by using a genetic algorithm (GA) to choose the reduced features and dimensionality. This process was created in three stages. In the first stage, two algorithms are applied to extract the important features; the first algorithm is the Contrast Enhancement method and the second is a Discrete Cosine Transform algorithm. In the next stage, we used datasets of the medi

      The current study aims to assess the water quality of the Al-Diwaniyah River in the city of Al-Diwaniyah to drink in terms of chemical properties and heavy metals and their impact on the health of the local population. The results showed that most of the parameters in the river water are of low concentrations due to the limited human activities in polluting the river water. The study concluded that the water quality is suitable for drinking depending on major cations and anions in all seasons. The Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI) showed that the river water was clean and safe, except two slightly polluted samples. The study concluded that river water for drinking or various domestic uses does not pose any danger to human heal

With time progress importance of hiding information become more and more and all steganography applications is like computer games between hiding and extracting data, or like thieves and police men always thieve hides from police men in different ways to keep him out of prison. The sender always hides information in new way in order not to be understood by the attackers and only the authorized receiver can open the hiding message. This paper explores our proposed random method in detail, how chooses locations of pixel in randomly , how to choose a random bit to hide information in the chosen pixel, how it different from other approaches, how applying information hiding criteria on the proposed project, and attempts to test out in code, and