The charge density distributions (CDD) and the elastic electron scattering form factors, F(q), of the ground state for some 1f-2p shell nuclei, such as 74Ge, 76Ge, 78Se and 80Se nuclei have been calculated based on the use of occupation numbers of the states and the single particle wave functions of the harmonic oscillator potential with size parameters chosen to reproduce the observed root mean square charge radii for all considered nuclei. It is found that introducing additional parameters, namely β1 and β2 which reflect the difference of the occupation numbers of the states from the prediction of the simple shell model leads to a remarkable agreement between the calculated and experimental results of the charge density distributions throughout the whole range of r. The calculated elastic electron scattering form factors from 74Ge, 76Ge, 78Se and 80Se nuclei are very good agreement with the fitted to the experimental data throughout all values of q.
One of the most difficult issues in the history of communication technology is the transmission of secure images. On the internet, photos are used and shared by millions of individuals for both private and business reasons. Utilizing encryption methods to change the original image into an unintelligible or scrambled version is one way to achieve safe image transfer over the network. Cryptographic approaches based on chaotic logistic theory provide several new and promising options for developing secure Image encryption methods. The main aim of this paper is to build a secure system for encrypting gray and color images. The proposed system consists of two stages, the first stage is the encryption process, in which the keys are genera
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Electronic properties including (bond length, energy gap, HOMO, LUMO and density of state) as well as spectroscopic properties such like infrared, Raman scattering, force constant, reduced mass and longitu- dinal optical mode as a function of frequency are based on size and concentration of the molecular and nanostructures of aluminum nitride ALN, boron nitride BN and AlxB7-XN7 as nanotubes has calculated using Ab –initio approximation method dependent on density functional theory and generalized gradient approximation. The geometrical structure are calculated by using Gauss view 05 as a complementary program. Shows the energy gap of ALN, BN and AlxB7-XN7 as a function of the total number of atoms , start from smallest molecule to reached
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In this work the Aluminum plasma in Air produced by Nd: YAG pulsed laser, (λ = 1064 nm, τ = 6 ns) has been studied with a repletion rate of 10 Hz. The laser interaction in Al target (99.99%) under air atmosphere generates plasma, which is produced at room temperature; with variation in the energy laser from 600-900 mJ. The electron temperature and the electron density have been determined by optical emission spectroscopy and by assuming a local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) of the emitting species. Finally the electron temperature was calculated by the Boltzmann plot from the relative intensities of spectral lines and electron density was calculated by the Stark-broadening of emission line.
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The process of soil classification in Iraq for industrial purposes is important topics that need to be extensive and specialized studies. In order for the advancement of reality service and industrial in our dear country, that a lot of scientific research touched upon the soil classification in the agricultural, commercial and other fields. No source and research can be found that touched upon the classification of land for industrial purposes directly. In this research specialized programs have been used such as geographic information system software The geographical information system permits the study of local distribution of phenomena, activities and the aims that can be determined in the loca
A computational investigation has been carried out to describe synthesis optimization procedure of magnetic lenses. The research is concentrated on the determination of the inverse design of the symmetrical double polepiece magnetic lenses whose magnetic field distribution is already defined. Magnetic lenses field model well known in electron optics have been used as the axial magnetic field distribution. This field has been studied when the halfwidth is variable and the maximum magnetic flux density is kept constant. The importance of this research lies in the possibility of using the present synthesis optimization procedure for finding the polepieces design of symmetrical double polepiece magnetic lenses which have the best proje
... Show MoreSurge pressure is supplemental pressure because of the movement of the pipes downward and the swab pressure is the pressure reduction as a result of the drill string's upward movement. Bottom hole pressure is reduced because of swabbing influence. An Investigation showed that the surge pressure has great importance for the circulation loss problem produced by unstable processes in the management pressure drilling (MPD) actions. Through Trip Margin there is an increase in the hydrostatic pressure of mud that compensates for the reduction of bottom pressure due to stop pumping and/or swabbing effect while pulling the pipe out of the hole. This overview shows suggested mathematical/numerical models for simulating surge pressure problems ins
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