In this study, flow-based routing model is investigated. The aim of this study is to increase scalability of flow control, routing and network resources solutions, as well as to improve Quality of Service and performance of the whole system. A method of hierarchical routing is proposed. The goal coordination method alsoused in this paper. Two routing models (model with quadratic objective function and model with traffic engineering) were fully analyzed. The basic functions of the hierarchical routing model levels based on goal coordination method were addressed Both models’ convergence is also explained. The dependence of the coordination iterations number on the packet flow rates for both models is graphically shown. The results shows that the method of efficiency is improved by increasing the link metric. Applying the proposed method can improve the scalability of routing decisions in the telecommunication network. Additionally, the proposed method can reduce the number of iterations in the implementation of hierarchical routing, and reduce the service traffic volume in the network.
Simple, economic and sensitive mathematical spectrophotometric methods were developed for the estimation 4-aminoantipyrine in presence of its acidic product. The estimation of binary mixture 4-aminoantipyrine and its acidic product was achieved by first derivative and second derivative spectrophotometric methods by applying zero-crossing at (valley 255.9nm and 234.5nm) for 4-aminoantipyrine and (peak 243.3 nm and 227.3nm) for acidic product. The value of coefficient of determination for the liner graphs were not less than 0.996 and the recovery percentage were found to be in the range from 96.555 to 102.160. Normal ratio spectrophotometric method 0DD was used 50 mg/l acidic product as a divisor
... Show MoreCADTEL software was developed to provide the simplest and most versatile computing resource that a wide range of skilled researchers and designers can use. In this paper, a development on this program, relying on sixteen mathematical models, produced a new version of CADTEL software package which focuses on the optimum conditions of Scherzer imaging for round electron magnetic lenses.. These models depend on synthesis procedure which is mainly designed to work with the inverse design problem, and represent the axial magnetic flux density of desirable electron magnetic lens which can be proposed or selected , using the four (zero, low, high, infinite) magnification states. The p
... Show MoreAbstract\
In this research we built a mathematical model of the transportation problem for data of General Company for Grain Under the environment of variable demand ,and situations of incapableness to determining the supply required quantities as a result of economic and commercial reasons, also restrict flow of grain amounts was specified to a known level by the decision makers to ensure that the stock of reserves for emergency situations that face the company from decrease, or non-arrival of the amount of grain to silos , also it took the capabilities of the tanker into consideration and the grain have been restricted to avoid shortages and lack of processing capability, Function has been adopted
... Show MoreBack ground: Intestinal parasitic infections are among the most common infections world wide and are regarded as a serious public-health problem.
Methods: The study was carried out during the period from October 2008 to the end of January 2009 in five different markets of Baghdad. Six different type of vegetables were selected for this study including tomato, onion, cabbage, lettuce, carrot and pepper. The vegetables soaked for 10 minutes and washed in saline, centrifuged and the sediment examined for the presence of intestinal parasites. A total of 168 specimens of faeces were collected from vegetables handlers of the markets studied then, specimens were examined for the presence of intestinal parasites by the direct smear method and
Many pathophysiological processes can affect the pharmacokinetic properties of drugs in people with diabetes. The present study was deigned to evaluate the influence of diabetes mellitus (DM) on the pharmacokinetic parameters of metronidazole administered as single oral dose. Twelve healthy volunteers and twelve diabetic patients were enrolled in the present study. On day 1, a single oral dose of metronidazole 500 mg was administered orally to all participants at 9:00 am after a 10-hour fasting. Over the following 48 hours, blood samples were taken at frequent intervals and serum metronidazole concentrations were measured by a high-performance liquid chromatography method for assessment of pharmacokinetics of metronidazole. The data
... Show MoreThat the International Court of Justice is a court of first and last instance, it is a fundamental principle that its rulings are final and cannot be appealed as stipulated in Article 60 of the Statute. Nevertheless, the provision of this Article provides that the States parties to the case may request an interpretation of the decision, When certain conditions are available, the International Court of Justice has traditionally issued interpretative rulings when the ruling is marred by any ambiguity or ambiguity. Final determination of judgment and res judicata, in the case of interpretation, if a decision or part of a decision is ambiguous, it may prove impossible for the States Parties to comply with it, and then a request f
... Show MoreBackground: Spleen is a hemopoietic organ which is capable of supporting elements of different systems. It is affected by several groups of diseases; inflammatory, hematopoietic, reticuloendothelial proliferation, portal hypertension and storage diseases. Ultrasound (US) may detect mild splenomegaly before it is clinically palpable. Knowledge of the normal range of spleen size in the population being examined is a prerequisite. Racial differences in splenic length could result in incorrect interpretation of splenic measurements and such differences would make it difficult to standardize expected splenic length and to determine non- palpable splenic enlargement.Objectives: To measure the normal values of splenic lengthin Iraqi subjects an
... Show MoreThis was study conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the secondary metabolites from produced Metarhizium anisopliae in potato sucrose broth, rice broth and wheat broth, against larvae and adults of Chysomya albiceps. Results showed that filtrate of potato broth was better in mortality rates occurrence when second instar larvae were treated, the mortality rate was 46.67%. While the treatment of the larvae using the filter of rice and wheat broth gave total accumulated mortality rate (larvae and pupae) of 36.67 and 40.00 respectively. While it was 66.76 when treated with potato broth adults food with filtrate recorded high mortality rate reached to 90.00% after one week.
The effect of air injection angle on the performance of airlift pump used for water pumping has been studied analytically and experimentally. An airlift pump of dimensions 42mm diameter and 2200 mm length with conventional and modified air injection device was considered. A modification on conventional injection device (normal air-jacket type) was carried out by changing injection angle from 90 (for conventional) to 45 and 22.5 (for modified). Continuity and one-dimensional momentum balance for the flow field with basic principle of two-phase flow and expressions of slip ratio and friction factor as function of flow rates were formulated. The analytical and experimental investigations were carried out f
... Show MoreThe study aimed to show the concept and importance of accounting Conservatism, Persistence and volatility of earnings of companies listed in the Iraqi market for securities have been selected 35 companies for the period between 2013 to 2107 used the scale of book value to market value to measure the Conservatism while the current profit regression model was used to measure future profits Eviews 9 was used for the purpose of testing the two hypotheses. The results of the study found that there is a statistically significant relationship between accounting Conservatism and Persistence of earnings. The relationship is inverse with no statistically significant relationship between Conservatism and earnings volatility.