In this paper, we provide some types of - -spaces, namely, - ( )- (respectively, - ( )- , - ( )- and - ( )-) spaces for minimal structure spaces which are denoted by ( -spaces). Some properties and examples are given.
The relationships between a number of types of - -spaces and the other existing types of weaker and stronger forms of -spaces are investigated. Finally, new types of open (respectively, closed) functions of -spaces are introduced and some of their properties are studied.

This work provides an analysis of the thermal flow and behavior of the (load-free) refrigerator compartment. The main goal was to compare the thermal behavior inside the refrigerator cavity to the freezer door (home refrigerator) effect and install a fan on the freezer door while neglecting the heat transmitted by thermal radiation. Moreover, the velocity distribution, temperature, and velocity path lines are theoretically studied. This was observed without affecting the shelves inside the cabinet and the egg and butter places on the refrigerator door as they were removed and the aluminum door replaced with a glass door. This study aims to expand our knowledge about the temperature and flow fields of this refrigerator mo

A theoretical and experimental investigation was carried out to study the behavior of a two-phase closed thermosyphon loop (TPCTL) during steady-state operation using different working fluids. Three working fluids were investigated, i.e., distilled water, methanol, and ethanol. The TPCTL was constructed from an evaporator, condenser, and two pipelines (riser and downcomer). The driving force is the difference in pressure between the evaporator and condenser sections and the fluid returns to the heating section by gravity. In this study, the significant parameters used in the experiments were filling ratios (FR%) of 50%, 75%, and 100% and heat-input range at the evaporator section of 215-860.2 W. When the loop reached to

Abstract

     Oil is considered a commodity and is still an important and prominent role in drawing and shaping the Iraqi economic scene. The revenues generated from the export of oil are considered the main source of the general budget in cash flows.  

     Since the revenues consist of quantity and price and the latter is an external factor which is difficult to predict, The effect of any commodity on its price, which is proven in the theory of micro-economic, but it is observed through the research that the response is slow, which means not to take advantage of the rise in prices, by increasing the quantity exported, the result of several facto

This paper analyzes the effect of scaling-up model and acceleration history on seismic response of closed-ended pipe pile using a finite element modeling approach and the findings of 1 g shaking table tests of a pile embedded in dry and saturated soils. A number of scaling laws were used to create the numerical modeling according to the data obtained from 1 g shake table tests performed in the laboratory. The current study found that the behaviors of the scaled models, in general have similar trends. From numerical modeling on both the dry and saturated sands, the normalized lateral displacement, bending moment, and vertical displacement of piles with scale factors of 2 and 35 are less than those of the pile with a scale factor of 1 and the

We use the idea of the grill. This study generalized a new sort of linked space like -connected and -hyperconnected and investigated its features, as well as the relationship between it and previously described notions. It also developed new sorts of functions, such as hyperconnected space, and identified their relationship by offering numerous instances and attributes that belong to this set. This set will serve as a starting point for further research into the set many future possibilities. We also use some theorems and observations previously studied and related to the grill and the semi-open to obtain results in this research. We applied the concept of connected to them and obtained results related to connected. The sources related t

In this paper, we give new results and proofs that include the notion of norm attainment set of bounded linear operators on a smooth Banach spaces and using these results to characterize a bounded linear operators on smooth Banach spaces that preserve of approximate - -orthogonality. Noting that this work takes brief sidetrack in terms of approximate - -orthogonality relations characterizations of a smooth Banach spaces. 

The chemical properties of chemical compounds and their molecular structures are intimately connected. Topological indices are numerical values associated with chemical molecular graphs that help in understanding the physicochemical properties, chemical reactivity and biological activity of a chemical compound. This study obtains some topological properties of second and third dominating David derived (DDD) networks and computes several K Banhatti polynomial of second and third type of DDD.