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Relationship Between Orexin-A and Insulin Resistance in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Orexin-A is an orexigenic hormone that plays an important role in the metabolism of blood glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance (IR). The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is related to the abnormality in insulin and IR. However, no sufficient studies to date have clearly shown the association of orexin-A with biochemical parameters related to T2DM.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the relation of orexin-A with IR and how they associate with physiological changes in T2DM patients. Understanding this relation will offer some pharmacological tools to reduce some complications in diabetes.

Materials and Methods: A total of 41 T2DM and 43 non-DM subjects, aged between 40-60 years with body mass index (BMI) ≤25 kg/m2, participated in the present study.

Fasting serum orexin-A, IR, fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), lipid profile, liver enzymes (alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST)), nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) parameters were evaluated. Orexin-A was evaluated by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For statistical analysis, GraphPad Prism 7.0 and SPSS version 24.0 programs were used.

Results: Orexin-A was positively correlated with blood pressure, FBG, HbA1c, insulin, and IR but inversely related to insulin sensitivity (IS), leptin, and gender. Stepwise multiple regression presented HOMA-IR, diastolic blood pressure, and very-low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol as predictors for orexin-A. The area under control value showed orexin-A, FBG, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, IS, ALT, AST, NO and MDA as biomarkers for T2DM disease.

Conclusion: Orexin-A has a predictive ability to diagnose T2DM, as it is significantly associated with hyperglycemia, IR, and IS.

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 01 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Boundary Optimal Control for Triple Nonlinear Hyperbolic Boundary Value Problem with State Constraints

The paper is concerned with the state and proof of the solvability theorem of unique state vector solution (SVS) of triple nonlinear hyperbolic boundary value problem (TNLHBVP), via utilizing the Galerkin method (GAM) with the Aubin theorem (AUTH), when the boundary control vector (BCV) is known. Solvability theorem of a boundary optimal control vector (BOCV) with equality and inequality state vector constraints (EINESVC) is proved. We studied the solvability theorem of a unique solution for the adjoint triple boundary value problem (ATHBVP) associated with TNLHBVP. The directional derivation (DRD) of the "Hamiltonian"(DRDH) is deduced. Finally, the necessary theorem (necessary conditions "NCOs") and the sufficient theorem (sufficient co

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 19 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Surface properties of heat treated with different durations of titanium alloy dental implants

Background: The surface properties of the titanium alloy plays a significant role in the bond of the dental implant with living bone and modification of the implant surface could enhance osseointegration. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of different durations of heat treatment on the surface properties of titanium alloy for dental implants. Materials and methods: Twenty disks of (Ti-6Al-4V) alloy were prepared. The sample was divided into four test groups to study the effect of different duration of heat treatment to the surface topography; surface chemistry, titanium oxide layer thickness, blood contact angle, & blood drop diameter of titanium alloy samples were investigated to evaluate the effect of different durations of

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 02 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
IQ TEST STANDARDIZATION OF MARTEN LOTHER JOHAN WITH CHILDREEN OF THE SEVEN YEAR

This study aimed to IQ test standardization of Marten Lother Johan which used with childreen of the tow  stage at primary schools who aged (7) years old in Baghdad (Resafaa and Kharh).

 The importance of this study are :

1-The  importance of childhood and its role to develop the personality.

2-The importance of this age as the child will exposure to different kind of official teaching .

3-The capability for early detection of special category for early intervention in order to provide the necessary care .

4-Using the current test could consider as a predictive tool to screen the intelligent children .

In order to achieve the study aim, the researcher had followed the

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Publication Date
Sun Nov 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Enhancement Solution to Improve Remediation of Soil Contaminated with Lead by Electrical Field

A laboratory investigation of six different tests were conducted on silty clay soil spiked with lead in concentrations of 1500 mg/kg. A constant DC voltage gradient of 1 V/cm was applied for all these tests with duration of 7 days remediation process for each test. Different purging solutions and addition configurations, i.e. injection wells, were investigated experimentally to enhance the removal of lead from Iraqi soil during electro-kinetic remediation process. The experimental results showed that the overall removal efficiency of lead for tests conducted with distilled water, 0.1 M acetic acid, 0.2 M EDTA and 1 M  ammonium citrate as the purging solutions were equal to 18 %, 37 %, 42 %, and 29 %, respectively. H

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Publication Date
Sat Apr 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Stability for the Systems of Ordinary Differential Equations with Caputo Fractional Order Derivatives

     Fractional calculus has paid much attention in recent years, because it plays an essential role in many fields of science and  engineering, where the study of stability theory of fractional differential equations emerges to be very important. In this paper, the stability of fractional order ordinary differential equations will be studied and introduced the backstepping method. The Lyapunov function  is easily found by this method. This method also gives a guarantee of stable solutions for the fractional order differential equations. Furthermore it gives asymptotically stable.

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 29 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Some Geometric Properties of Generalized Class of Meromorphic Functionsassocisted with Higher Ruscheweyh Derivatives

     The applications of Ruscheweyh derivative are studied and discussed of class of meromorphic multivalent application. We get some interesting geometric properties, such as coefficient bound, Convex linear combination, growth and distortion bounds, radii of starlikenss ,  convexity and neighborhood property.

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Buckling Behavior of Aluminum Alloy Thin-Walled Beam with Holes under Compression Loading

Thin-walled members are increasingly used in structural applications, especially in light structures like in constructions and aircraft structures because of their high strength-to-weight ratio. Perforations are often made on these structures for reducing weight and to facilitate the services and maintenance works like in aircraft wing ribs. This type of structures suffers from buckling phenomena due to its dimensions, and this suffering increases with the presence of holes in it. This study investigated experimentally and numerically the buckling behavior of aluminum alloy 6061-O thin-walled lipped channel beam with specific holes subjected to compression load. A nonlinear finite elements analysis was used to obtain the

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 17 2017
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Experimental Simulation of Natural Heat Convection from Finned Vertical Plate with Different Inclinations

In this work an experimental simulation is made to predict the performance of steady-state natural heat convection along heated finned vertical base plate to ambient air with different inclination angles and configurations of fin array. Two types of fin arrays namely vertical fins array and V-fins array on heated vertical base plate are used with different heights and spaces. The influence of inclination angle of the plate , configuration of fins array and fin geometrical parameters such as fin height and fin spacing on the temperature distribution, base convection heat transfer coefficient and average Nusselt number have been plotted and discussed. The experimental data are correlated to a formula between average Nusselt number versus R

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 30 2018
Journal Name
Civil Engineering Journal
Performance of Post-Fire Composite Prestressed Concrete Beam Topped with Reinforced Concrete Flange

The performance of composite prestressed concrete beam topped with reinforced concrete flange structures in fire depends upon several factors, including the change in properties of the two different materials due to fire exposure and temperature distribution within the composition of the composite members of the structure. The present experimental work included casting of 12 identical simply supported prestressed concrete beams grouped into 3 categories, depending on the strength of the top reinforced concrete deck slab (20, 30, and 40 MPa). They were connected together by using shear connector reinforcements. To simulate the real practical fire disasters, 3 composite prestressed concrete beams from each group were exposed to high t

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 04 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
the Polymer optical fiber sensor side-pumped with polymer clad doped lasing compounds

Optical fibers were produced by the system manufactured for this purpose and then, PMMA core of polymer optical fiber (POF) and PMMA doped Rhodamine B (RhB) claddings were studied and determine their UV–vis absorption and emission. The study adopted the mechanism of lateral pumping of the product polymer optical fiber by using laser with 404 nm excitation to study optical specifications of the factory fiber. It was noted that there were blue shift in maximum peak wavelength in absorption and fluorescence from the doped polymer before use it as clad. The obtained results by using the doping polymer with (RhB) for clad the amplified spontaneous emission ASE seems in fluorescence study. The side excitation shows that there were no an over

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