Testing the sensitivity of periodontal pathogens requires the selection of an easier and more reliable method to be used with such anaerobic bacteria that need a long period of time for growth. Natural materials are a new era of antibacterial agents to control periodontal infections. The aims of the current study were to test the antibacterial activity of two natural agents, namely olibanum and alum, against three types of red complex periodontal pathogens and compare the application of agar diffusion and microdilution methods for testing the susceptibility. Gingival crevicular fluid from pockets with chronic infections was sampled as a source for the three types of bacteria, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola (the red complex pathogens). The samples (n= 30) were cultured on three types of media, namely Schaedler Anaerobe Agar, Tannerella forsythia (TF) agar, and Trypton Yeast extract Gelatin Volatile fatty acids and Serum (TYGVS) agar for the three types of red complex pathogens. After anaerobic growth, the isolates of red complex pathogens were identified by cultural and cellular morphological characteristics and confirmed by molecular diagnosis. The antibacterial activity of the two natural materials was tested by agar (disk and well) diffusion and microdilution method (spectrophotometer- and resazurin- based). Ciprofloxacin (CIP) and chlorhexidine (CHX) were used as controls. Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) of the four reagents (olibanum, alum, CIP, and CHX) were determined on the three types of bacteria. MIC values by each susceptibility method were compared and analyzed statistically at p- value ≤ 0.05. The results showed that resazurin- based microdilution method was the easiest and simplest approach which gave reliable reads. MIC values of the four regents differed from a method to another and from one bacterium to another. Statistically, there were no significant values among these differences, except for olibanum which was statistically more significant than the other reagents.
There are many methods of searching large amount of data to find one particular piece of information. Such as find name of person in record of mobile. Certain methods of organizing data make the search process more efficient the objective of these methods is to find the element with least cost (least time). Binary search algorithm is faster than sequential and other commonly used search algorithms. This research develops binary search algorithm by using new structure called Triple, structure in this structure data are represented as triple. It consists of three locations (1-Top, 2-Left, and 3-Right) Binary search algorithm divide the search interval in half, this process makes the maximum number of comparisons (Average case com
... Show MoreLet R be a commutative ring with unity and an R-submodule N is called semimaximal if and only if
the sufficient conditions of F-submodules to be semimaximal .Also the concepts of (simple , semisimple) F- submodules and quotient F- modules are introduced and given some properties .
Soft closure spaces are a new structure that was introduced very recently. These new spaces are based on the notion of soft closure operators. This work aims to provide applications of soft closure operators. We introduce the concept of soft continuous mappings and soft closed (resp. open) mappings, support them with examples, and investigate some of their properties.
تهدف هذه الدراسة للتعرف على السياسات اإلاسرائيلية المتبعة على الارض والمتمثلة في االاستيطان
الاستعماري والطرق التفافية، ومصادرة الاراضي وجدار الضم والتوسع العنصري، بالاضافة إلى التصنيف
الاداري للمناطق في الضفة الغربية حسب ما جاء في اتفاقية أوسلو، والتي من شأنها التأثير على تلك
المناطق، وال سيما قطاع اإلسكان الذي يعد من أهم القطاعات التي تتر كب وبالتحديد في منطقة الدراسة،
وسوف تحاول هذه الدراسة تس
يُعد التنمر ظاهرة إجتماعية قديمة موجودة في جميع المجتمعات سواء أكان المجتمع صناعيًا أم ناميًا، كما يُعد من المفاهيم الحديثة نسبيًا، وربما يرجع لحداثة الإعتراف به نوعًا من أنواع العنف فضلاعن ندرة الدراسات التي تناولته وعدم وجود معيار محدد لتحديد السلوك الذي يعد تنمرًا أم عابرًا، لقد بدأ الأهتمام بدراسة التنمر في سبعينات القرن الماضي وأصبح موضعًا يحضى بأهتمام العديد في مختلف البلدان، وفي عصرنا الحالي تطورت
... Show MoreВ статье рассматривается вопрос о связи флективных изменений с мыслительными процессами на материале русского и арабского языков, анализируются семантические, фонетические, морфологические и синтаксические основы фонограмматической когниции. Цель статьи выявление прямой связи между количественным звуковым изменением согласного состава слова и мыслительными процессами, с помощью которых человеческ
... Show MoreThe concept of closed quasi principally injective acts over monoids is introduced ,which signifies a generalization for the quasi principally injective as well as for the closed quasi injective acts. Characterization of this concept is intended to show the behavior of a closed quasi principally injective property. At the same time, some properties of closed quasi principally injective acts are examined in terms of their endomorphism monoid. Also, the characterization of a closed self-principally injective monoid is given in terms of its annihilator. The relationship between the following concepts is also studied; closed quasi principally injective acts over monoids, Hopfian, co Hopfian, and directly finite property. Ultimately, based on
... Show MoreDie vorliegende Forschung handelt es um die Satzfelder, besonders das Mittelfeld des Satzes im deutschen und Arabischen. Diese Forschung wurde mit der Satzdefinition, Satzglieder begonnen, damit wir diese klar werden und dann werden die Felder des Satzes gut gekannt. Der erste Abschnitt schlieβt auch den Mittelfeld des Satzes und, wie man das Feld erkennen und bestimmen kann. Die Forschung untersucht auch. Ob es in der arabischen Sprache den selben Struktur wie im Deutschen gibt, z.B Bildung des Satzes sowie Satzfelder bezügllich das Mittelfeld.
Der zweite Abschnitt handelt sich um den arabischen Teil und behandelt die Wortarten im Arabischen sowie den Satz als auch Satzarten (Nominal- Verbal- Halbsatz).
Danach befinden
... Show MoreBackground: Alcohol remains the single most significant cause of liver disease throughout the Western world, responsible for between 40 and 80% of cases of cirrhosis in different countries. Many of the factors underlying the development of alcoholic liver injury remain unknown, and significant questions remain about the value of even very basic therapeutic strategies.
Patients and Methods: In a cross sectional study, 113 alcoholic patients with evidence of liver disease in the absence of other significant etiology attending the Gastoenterorology and Hepatology Teaching Hospital between December 2001 and December 2003 were studied for the hematological and biochemical spectrum of alcoholic liver disease in