Honey is one of the most products has been used as an antimicrobial agent since the ancient times. The potential antimicrobial activity of honey is arise from its physiochemical proprieties such as high osmotic pressure, low pH, in addition to other factors and enzymes that work as antimicrobial agents. All these components and characteristics of honey led to consider it as one of the most efficient, useful and natural antimicrobial agents. From this point of view, recent study aim to evaluate the antibacterial activity of bee honey on some common species of pathogenic bacteria. The study included some of both gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus spp.) and gram-negative bacteria
(Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneunoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The antibacterial action of honey in three different concentrations (100%, 70% and 50%) was assessed. The results found that honey has the similar antibacterial effect as antibiotics effect. Additionally, the concentration of 100% was the most effective
concentration in the inhibition of bacterial growth, and this concentration gave the best result of antibacterial effect. Furthermore, the results showed that as the concentration of honey decreased the effect of inhibition decrease as well. Finally, the study established that there is no significant different between the gram-positive
and the gram-negative bacteria in the term of inhibition activity.
The process of stocks evaluating considered as a one of challenges for the financial analysis, since the evaluating focuses on define the current value for the cash flows which the shareholders expected to have. Due to the importance of this subject, the current research aims to choose Fama & French five factors Model to evaluate the common stocks to define the Model accuracy in Fama& French for 2014. It has been used factors of volume, book value to market value, Profitability and investment, in addition to Beta coefficient which used in capital assets pricing Model as a scale for Fama & French five factors Model. The research sample included 11 banks listed in Iraq stock market which have me
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This study describes the preparation of tetradentate Schiff base derived from the condensation of 2-Hydroxy naphthaldehyde with 2-amine benzhydrazide and the synthesis of new complexes series with a good yield.The prepared ligand was characterized using a microanalysis technique, UV-visible, FT-IR, nuclear magnetic resonance 1H-NMR, mass spectrometry, thermal gravimetric analysis TGA, and the addition of conductivity measurement and magnetic moment of complexes. The invitro antimicrobial activity of the prepared compounds was tested against Gram-negative Klebsiella pneumonia, Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureu, and Candida albicans by the agar well diffusion method. The spectroscopy and measurement studies showed that the li
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Therapeutically and prophylactically using Microspheres containing doxycycline isolated from shell of shrimp. Low molecule weight poly lactic acid was prepared. In this study, Poly lactic acid (PLA)/ poly vinyl alcohol (PVA)/poly ethyleneglycol(PEG) loading doxycycline blend solutions was prepared. Also Poly lactic acid (PLA)-Tannin blend via solvent evaporation method was prepared. Microspheres of chitosan/gelatin microsphere loading doxycycline was prepared by emulsion crosslinking technique. Both microsphere and blends were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer. The FTIR spectra were shown distinguish bands. The in vitro release of doxcycline from its matrix at pH 7 was studied. The prophylactic
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Oils were extracted from seeds of Trigonella foenum graecum as well as from seeds of Elettaria cardamomum, then separated and characterized by Gas Chromatography with Mass spectra GC/MC twelve different compounds of Trigonella foenum graecum oil were identified, the highest rate was for the compound 9, 12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z) which was found with rate of 38.97
،%then accompanied with 31.85% of 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, methyl ester.
On other hand fifty four (54) different compounds were separated from fixed oils of Elettaria cardamomum , the highest rate for the compound 3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol, .alpha.,.alpha.,4-trimethyl-, acetate which was 22.88% then the compound Butyl 9,12-octadecadienoate with a rate of 21.22 % .
T
Biodegradation is utilizing microorganisms to degrade materials into products that are safe for the
environment, such as carbon dioxide, water, and biomass. The current study aims to isolate and characterize
bacteria with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) degradation ability isolated from Shatt al-Arab water and
sewage from Basra, the bacteria were identified as Klebsiella pneumonia. According to the findings, the
isolates showed a highly significant difference in degradation of PET (24% during 7 days) and the percent of
degradation increased to 46% at 4 weeks compared to the control. The study also involved determining the
optimum temperature of K. pneumonia growth, which was 37°C, while the preferred
Background: Euonymus japonicus is one species of celastraceous family used as a decorative plant and in traditional Chinese medicine. The lack of information about the main active constituents and the possible biological activities of Iraqi Euonymus japonicus leaves is considered a motivation to start this in vitro study
Objectives: to identify the phytochemical components and to evaluate antioxidant and antimicrobial activities
Material and Methods: The chemical composition of Iraqi Euonymus japonicus leaves was identified and analyzed using the Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography approach and the antioxidant properti
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Non-thermal (low-temperature) plasma may act as an alternative approach to control superficial wound and skin infections when the effectiveness of chemical agents is weak due to natural pathogen or biofilm resistance. In this paper an atmospheric pressure plasma needle jet device which generates a cold plasma jet is used to measure the effectiveness of plasma treatment against different pathogenic bacteria and to test the individual susceptibility of pathogenic bacteria to non-thermal argon plasma. It is found that, Gram-negative bacteria were more susceptible to plasma treatment than Gram-positive bacteria. For the Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, there were no survivors among the initial 1x108C.F.U (Co
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