Background: The diagnosis of prostatic pathology may be of challenging , as some  difficult and suspected, atypical  cases may lack basal cell layer by routine H&E sections . Antibodies against 34BE12(HMW-CK) and p63 aid the diagnosis of such cases , to distinguish benign from  malignant prostatic lesions.

Objective: to identify basal cells in atypical prostatic lesions ,and distinguish benign from malignant prostatic lesions.

Type of the study:  A retro-spective  study.

Methods:  115cases of  paraffin embedded prostatic tissue blocks ,diagnosed as : 76 cases were benign prostatic hy

To investigate the role of IL-6 and IL-8 in the immune-regulatory mechanisms involved in the recurrent spontaneous abortion of the first trimester of pregnancy. Serum level of IL-6 and IL-8 were determined in 25 women of age (20-35) years who had a spontaneous abortion of unknown aetiology during the first trimester of pregnancy .They were compared with the corresponding levels of 20 pregnant and non-pregnant women as control groups .cytokine levels were measured by (ELISA) technique .The women with spontaneous abortion had highly significant (P < 0.01) increased serum level of IL-8 and highly significant (P < 0.01 ) decreased level of IL-6 compared to those with normal pregnant and non-pregnant women. The results of this study ma

Biofilm formation (BF) is one of the most important virulence factors of
Candida spp. The aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of genes
responsible in biofilm formation of C. albicans by conventional PCR technique.
Among 49 vaginal specimens (VC), C. albicans was the most predominant species
in percentage 22/49 (45%) and 27(55%) were non albicans. Out of 47 oral
specimens (OS), 22/47(47%) were C. albicans, whereas 25(53%) were non albicans.
At the present study; all C. albicans were biofilm producers with variable strength,
out of 44 BF producers, 18 (40.9%) were low biofilm (LBF) with significant
differences (P<0.05) between HVS and OS, 25 (56.8%) moderate or high biofilm
(HBF) and just one isolat

     By definition, the detection of protein complexes that form protein-protein interaction networks (PPINs) is an NP-hard problem. Evolutionary algorithms (EAs), as global search methods, are proven in the literature to be more successful than greedy methods in detecting protein complexes. However, the design of most of these EA-based approaches relies on the topological information of the proteins in the PPIN. Biological information, as a key resource for molecular profiles, on the other hand, acquired a little interest in the design of the components in these EA-based methods. The main aim of this paper is to redesign two operators in the EA based on the functional domain rather than the graph topological domain. The perturb

Trichomonas vaginalis is a unicellular flagellated protozoan that resides in female and male genital tract and considered the most prevalent sexually transmitted infectious parasite. The infection rate is relatively equivalent between male and female but trichomoniasis is usually asymptomatic in men. Primary triggering of host inflammatory response to this parasite is not fully understood and most studies address the local reaction of the parasite in female genital tract. In this study, two pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-8 and IL-12, were investigated in the serum of infected women with Trichomonas vaginalis during acute and chronic stages of the disease. The results demonstrated that the level of IL-8 was significantly

This study aims to assess some seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients undergoing hemodialysis in dialysis centers in some Baghdad hospitals, by testing the blood samples with enzyme linked Immunosorbant assay (ELISA) IgG and IgM, to determine the incidence of toxoplasmosis in hemodialysis patients. Hemodialysis patients infected with Toxoplasma. gondii were appeared with 129(32.25%) seropositive anti-Toxoplasma IgG. The age groups (43-51) year and (52-60) years of hemodialysis patients showed the highest percentage of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies. An increase of the seropositivity rate was detected with increasing length of time on hemodialysis treatment. Females had the highest significant percentag

     Obesity is a complex disease and a major worldwide health hazard with adult mortality. Obesity is defined by an increase in the body-mass index of 30 kg m⁻² or greater. It belongs to the genetic predisposition and more consumption of high-energy foods and decreased requirement for physical activity in modern society. This study was designed to evaluate leptin and ghrelin hormones levels and the gene expression of leptin and ghrelin receptors in obese individuals. Seventy-five obese (45 females and 30 males) and 25 (15 females and 10 male) normal individuals were admitted to the Obesity Research and Therapeutic Unit at Alkindy College of Medicine/ University of Baghdad. All blood samples were pulled from obese and n