In this research, we studied the structural properties of SnO2 films nanostructure which prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis method at room temperature on the rules of glass heated (400oC) with rate of spraying (2.5 ml/ min). The effect of annealing temperaturs (450,500,550,600 and 650oC) for two hours on those properties has been indicated. The results of x-ray diffraction showed that all of the prepared films were polycrystalline with tetragonal type and orientation was (110) for all models before and after annealing, and the annealing led to an increase in the grain size. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) values of the (110) peaks of the films decreased from 1.492o to 1.064o with increasing annealing temperature .The surface morphology of the (SnO2) nanostructure films have been studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM) which indicated that the grown films showed good crystalline and homogeneous surface . The Root Mean Square (RMS) values and surface roughness of the films decreased with increasing the annealing temperature. The optical properties of the films were studied by (UV-VIS-NIR) spectrophotometer in the wavelength range (300-1100 nm). The optical transmission results showed high transmittance (87%) at annealing a temperature (650oC). The energy gap for direct transmission was calculated before and after annealing. From the gas sensing measurements of SnO2 films for (CO2 , NH3), showed a good sensitivity at 50oC. It was found the that best sensitivity of SnO2 films at annealing temperature 650oC were (100%) for NH3 (98.78%).
The objective of this study is to evaluate the bacterial count and heavy metal concentration of river water on fish micronuclei. Fish and water samples are carried out in 1 May to 1 June 2013 from Tigris River. A total of fifty three fish sample are studied. The bacteriological quality of water showed that the total viable count is ranged from 150×103 to 352×103 cfu/ml and fecal coliform counts was 1250 cell/100ml during the study period. All the metals (Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn) are within the normal limit, but Cd was slightly elevated in river water samples. The appearance of micronuclei in red blood cells of all fish species is detect , by recording a larger number of it, in ( Abu Alsomere , Hishne , Bannini Kaber al fam & Karkoor
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Bones were recorded in the skeleton of some species of Iraqi turtle Mauremys rivulata; the objectives of this study came in light of current conditions, environmental developments, talents and techniques of biological studies taking place in the country, need for an anatomy guide in river turtles of Iraqi species, to identify all kinds of similarities and differences with their preaching, this work or study has become written in response to those modern needs. It is designed to be one of the resources for those interested in biological studies, beginners or professionals, and veterinarians, distinguishing them from marine and global species. Turtles were dissected in the laboratories of the Research Center and Museum of Natural Hist
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Owing to high antibacterial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, it could be considered as the main reason behind the nosocomial infections. P. aeruginosa has a well-known biofilm forming ability. The expression of polysaccharide encoding locus (pelA gene) by P. aeruginosa is essential for this ability. The purpose of the current research was to determine the biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa isolated from clinical samples and to evaluate the role of the selected PelA gene in biofilm formation using PCR method in Iraqi patients. Results revealed that 24 (96%) isolates were found to have the ability to form biofilm that was remarkably related to gentamicin resistance. Moreover, the pelA gene was found in all biofilm-producers. In c
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The relative dielectric permittivity (dielectric constant) values for various materials are measured on site. The calculated values that are derived from measuring the ratio of the electrical capacitance of a cell when the sample of the material is placed. Parallel plate technique that consists of two parallel circular metallic plates is used. The instrument made up of aluminum which acts as electrodes and stuffed inside the PVC cylinder. Then the thin sheet of material (models) sandwiched between the two plates. Calculation of dielectric constant (εr) through this new technique gives a new velocity value of electromagnetic wave that propagates underground. These measured velocity values will utilize in Ground Penetration Radar (GPR) da
... Show MoreIn this paper, we build a fuzzy classification system for classifying the nutritional status of children under 5 years old in Iraq using the Mamdani method based on input variables such as weight and height to determine the nutritional status of the child. Also, Classifying the nutritional status faces a difficult challenge in the medical field due to uncertainty and ambiguity in the variables and attributes that determine the categories of nutritional status for children, which are relied upon in medical diagnosis to determine the types of malnutrition problems and identify the categories or groups suffering from malnutrition to determine the risks faced by each group or category of children. Malnutrition in children is one of the most
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Sera samples were collected from 60 children aged 4-60 months, all were clinically and serologically proven cases of visceral leishmaniasis, as well as from 10 healthy children, all were seronegative with no history of parasitic infection who serve as a control during the study. Serum total protein and albumin were measured and compared between the control and visceral leishmaniasis patients. Serum protein profiles have been investigated using the conventional sodium dodecyl sulphate – polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Serum of control group showed the specific protein pattern with five protein bands, while serum protein profile in visceral leishmaniasis pat
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