The multi-focus image fusion method can fuse more than one focused image to generate a single image with more accurate description. The purpose of image fusion is to generate one image by combining information from many source images of the same scene. In this paper, a multi-focus image fusion method is proposed with a hybrid pixel level obtained in the spatial and transform domains. The proposed method is implemented on multi-focus source images in YCbCr color space. As the first step two-level stationary wavelet transform was applied on the Y channel of two source images. The fused Y channel is implemented by using many fusion rule techniques. The Cb and Cr channels of the source images are fused using principal component analysis (PCA).

In this paper we introduce new class of open sets called weak N-open sets and we study the relation between N-open sets , weak N-open sets and some other open sets. We prove several results about them. 

      Researchers have identified and defined β- approach normed space if some conditions are  satisfied. In this work, we show that every approach normed space is a normed space.However, the converse is not necessarily true by giving an example. In addition, we define β – normed Banach space, and some examples are given. We also solve some problems. We discuss a finite β-dimensional app-normed space is β-complete and consequent Banach app- space. We explain that every approach normed space is a metric space, but the converse is not true by giving an example. We define β-complete and give some examples and propositions. If we have two normed vector spaces, then we get two properties that are equivalent. We also explain that

The degradation and mineralization of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) by advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) was investigated in this work, using both of UV/H2O2 and photo-Fenton UV/H2O2/Fe+3 systems.The reaction was influenced by the input concentration of H2O2, the amount of the iron catalyst, the type of iron salt, the pH and the concentration of 4-CP. A colored solution of benzoquinon can be observed through the first 5 minutes of irradiation time for UV/H2O2 system when low concentration (0.01mol/L) of H2O2 was used. The colored solution of benzoquinon could also be observed through the first 5 minutes for the UV/H2O2/Fe+3 system at high
concentration (100ppm) of 4-CP. The results have shown that adding Fe+3 to the UV/H2O2 system enhanced

Abstract. In this work, Bi2O3 was deposited as a thin film of different thickness (400, 500, and 600 ±20 nm) by using thermal oxidation at 573 K with ambient oxygen of evaporated bismuth (Bi) thin films in a vacuum on glass substrate and on Si wafer to produce n-Bi2O3/p-Si heterojunction. The effect of thickness on the structural, electrical, surface and optical properties of Bi2O3 thin films was studied. XRD analysis reveals that all the as deposited Bi2O3 films show polycrystalline tetragonal structure, with preferential orientation in the (201) direction, without any change in structure due to increase of film thickness. AFM and SEM images are used to investigate the influences of film thickness on surface properties. The optical measur

     The variational iteration method is used to deal with linear and nonlinear differential equations. The main characteristics of the method lie in its flexibility and ability to accurately and easily solve nonlinear equations. In this work, a general framework is presented for a variational iteration method for the analytical treatment of partial differential equations in fluid mechanics. The Caputo sense is used to describe fractional derivatives. The time-fractional Kaup-Kupershmidt (KK) equation is investigated, as it is the solution of the system of partial differential equations via the Boussinesq-Burger equation. By comparing the results that are obtained by the variational iteration method with those obtained by the two-dim

Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) was added to P-N,N-dimethyl amino benzaldehyde (PDAB) by condensation reaction in acidic medium to form, a yellow colored dye compound which exhibits maximum absorption (λmax) at 450.5 nm. The concentration of (SMX) was determined spectrophotometrically. The optimum reaction conditions and other analytical parameters were evaluated. In addition to classical univariate optimization, design of experiment method has been applied in optimization of the variables affecting the color producing reaction.    Beer’s law obeyed in the concentration range of 0.1-10 μg.mL-1 with molar absorptivity of 5.7950×104  L.mol-1.cm-1. The limit of detection and Sandell's sensitivity value were 0.078 μ

 Most of the propositions, after the Arabic letter reached a position of integrity and proficiency, the calligrapher turned to the production of calligraphic formations in various aesthetic and expressive forms, investing the spiritual energies in what these calligraphic compositions show in artistic paintings. It carries a lot of meanings that are embodied in linear formations, and in order to reach these expressions and know the effective positions of space, this research is concerned with studying these technical treatments. The first chapter included the research problem, which included a question about the effectiveness of space in the linear painting, the importance of research and the temporal and spatial boundaries. As for the s

     In this paper we investigate the stability and asymptotic stability of the zero solution for the first order delay differential equation

     where the delay is variable and by using Banach fixed point theorem. We give new conditions to ensure the stability and asymptotic stability of the zero solution of this equation.

In this study, the feasibility of Forward–Reverse osmosis processes was investigated for treating the oily wastewater. The first stage was applied forward osmosis process to recover pure water from oily wastewater. Sodium chloride (NaCl) and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) salts were used as draw solutions and the membrane that was used in forward osmosis (FO) process was cellulose triacetate (CTA) membrane. The operating parameters studied were: draw solution concentrations (0.25 – 0.75 M), oil concentration in feed solution (FS) (100-1000 ppm), the temperature of FS and draw solution (DS) (30 - 45 °C), pH of FS (4-10) and the flow rate of both DS and FS (20 - 60 l/h). It was found that the water flux and oil concentration in FS increas