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Publication Date

Sat Jun 03 2023

Journal Name

Iraqi Journal Of Science

Volume

56

Issue Number

1B

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3

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Kolmogorov Turbulent Simulations of Photon Limited Images of Binary Stars

Turbulent atmosphere

Fourier transform

optical imaging

adaptive optics

Athil

Ali Talib

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The autocorrelation function calculations have been carried out on photon-limited computer-simulated images of binary stars that recorded through kolmogorov atmospheric turbulence. The effect of the parameters of photon limited binary star on the variation of signal to noise, signal to background ratios, number of images that processed and the magnitude of binary stars are studied and mathematic equations are given to investigate this effect. The result indicates that signal to background ratio of photon limited images of a binary star is independent of the total number of recorded photons.

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Publication Date

Thu Dec 01 2016

Journal Name

Karbala Journal Of Medicine

Assessment Of Her-2/Neu Gene Amplification Status by Chromogenic in Situ Hybridization in Breast Cancer Patients with Equivocal 2+ Her-2/Neu Immunostaining and Its Relation to The Clinic Pathological Parameters

chromogenic in situ hybridization

topoisomerase II alpha gene

her2/neu

prognostic markers and breast cancer

Rasha

Sahia

Ali

Manal Adnan

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background: human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (her2/neu) is related to growth factor receptors with alkaline kinase activity and it is regarded as important prognostic and therapeutic factor that can depended on in breast cancer therapy. HER2/neu expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) is submitted to a great in terob server inconsistency. Subsequently additional confirmatory tests for assessment of gene alterations and amplification status are needed for patients with early or metastatic breast cancer. In situ hybridization techniques and specifically Chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) was arise as a practical, cost-effective, and alternative to fluorescent in situ hybridization in testing for gene alterationAims of the study

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Publication Date

Sat Sep 23 2017

Journal Name

Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences

Synthesis and Characterization of New ligand ' ((2-{1..,[(2-hyd_roxy;..benzyli_dene)-hydrazono]- ethyl} benzen_e-l, 3, s--moll and ItComplexes WÂ·itll. (Mn.(11 Fe(n), Cd<11J, a-nd Hg(n).) Tons

A .T.

M.

1\1.

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In :the _pr sent _paper we report ths. ynthesis Â·of a new li:ga!!d..

[f4LJ [{'2 {1-'[(2-hydâ€¢:0xy-.ben:zy1i.denÂ·e)..,bxcJrazanci}:etby-l }benzerieÂ

J,5 t;rtiol .aad its complexes Â·w-ith '('Mlif(1 J Fev 1 ), ed(J'l), and. :f.::I:g 01>-)

The ligand \VS preP..ated rin tWo steps' â€¢ fp I t}Je nrst stea -soJutiQil Qf

-saUcyla[deeyeq. ip methatt:oJ . re3ctcd lU1der reflux

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Publication Date

Sat Feb 22 2025

Journal Name

Journal Of Physical Education

The Effect of Special Exercises Using Handball R.T On Motor Response Development and Some Goalkeeping Skills For Handball Players from the National Center for Gifted In Handball Aged (15 – 16) Years Old

Mohammed

Ahmed

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Publication Date

Fri Jul 01 2016

Journal Name

Journal Of Engineering

An Adaptive Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Multi-Robot Path Planning

multi-robot system

path planning

multi-objective approaches

adaptive multi-objective particle swarm optimization

danger zones.

Nizar Hadi

Jaafer Ahmed

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This paper discusses an optimal path planning algorithm based on an Adaptive Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm (AMOPSO) for two case studies. First case, single robot wants to reach a goal in the static environment that contain two obstacles and two danger source. The second one, is improving the ability for five robots to reach the shortest way. The proposed algorithm solves the optimization problems for the first case by finding the minimum distance from initial to goal position and also ensuring that the generated path has a maximum distance from the danger zones. And for the second case, finding the shortest path for every robot and without any collision between them with the shortest time. In ord

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Publication Date

Sat Mar 28 2020

Journal Name

Iraqi Journal Of Science

Least Squares Estimations for the General Linear Model Parameters with Epsilon Skew Normal Error Term

Epsilon skew normal distribution

Epsilon skew normal general linear model

Adaptive least squares estimations

Skewed family

Hussain Karim

Ebtisam Karim

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Examination of skewness makes academics more aware of the importance of accurate statistical analysis. Undoubtedly, most phenomena contain a certain percentage of skewness which resulted to the appearance of what is -called "asymmetry" and, consequently, the importance of the skew normal family . The epsilon skew normal distribution ESN (Î¼, Ïƒ, Îµ) is one of the probability distributions which provide a more flexible model because the skewness parameter provides the possibility to fluctuate from normal to skewed distribution. Theoretically, the estimation of linear regression model parameters, with an average error value that is not zero, is considered a major challenge due to having difficulties, as no explicit formula to calcula

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Publication Date

Sun Oct 01 2023

Journal Name

Ieee Transactions On Industrial Electronics

Singular Perturbation-Based Adaptive Integral Sliding Mode Control for Flexible Joint Robots

Adaptive integral sliding mode controller (AISMC)

flexible robotic joint (FJR)

singular perturbation approach

states observers

underactuated.

Raja Fawad Afsar

Kamal

Zhenwei

Zhihong

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The flexible joint robot (FJR) typically experiences parametric variations, nonlinearities, underactuation, noise propagation, and external disturbances which seriously degrade the FJR tracking. This article proposes an adaptive integral sliding mode controller (AISMC) based on a singular perturbation method and two state observers for the FJR to achieve high performance. First, the underactuated FJR is modeled into two simple second-order fast and slow subsystems by using Olfati transformation and singular perturbation method, which handles underactuation while reducing noise amplification. Then, the AISMC is proposed to effectively accomplish the desired tracking performance, in which the integral sliding surface is designed to reduce cha

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Publication Date

Thu Nov 30 2023

Journal Name

Iraqi Journal Of Science

Image Splicing Detection Based on Discrete Wavelet Transform and co-occurrence Matrix

Discrete Wavelet Transform

Co-occurrence Matrix

Image forgery

YCbCr color space

classification

Iman

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In this paper a method to determine whether an image is forged (spliced) or not is presented. The proposed method is based on a classification model to determine the authenticity of a tested image. Image splicing causes many sharp edges (high frequencies) and discontinuities to appear in the spliced image. Capturing these high frequencies in the wavelet domain rather than in the spatial domain is investigated in this paper. Correlation between high-frequency sub-bands coefficients of Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is also described using co-occurrence matrix. This matrix was an input feature vector to a classifier. The best accuracy of 92.79% and 94.56% on Casia v1.0 and Casia v2.0 datasets respectively was achieved. This pe

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(1)

Publication Date

Mon Jan 27 2020

Journal Name

Iraqi Journal Of Science

Quantum Image Watermarking Based on Wavelet and Geometric Transformation

Quantum watermarking

quantum entanglement

bell state

image watermarking

discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT)

Rahman

Matheel

Abdul Mohssen

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Like the digital watermark, which has been highlighted in previous studies, the quantum watermark aims to protect the copyright of any image and to validate its ownership using visible or invisible logos embedded in the cover image. In this paper, we propose a method to include an image logo in a cover image based on quantum fields, where a certain amount of texture is encapsulated to encode the logo image before it is included in the cover image. The method also involves transforming wavelets such as Haar base transformation and geometric transformation. These combination methods achieve a high degree of security and robustness for watermarking technology. The digital results obtained from the experiment show that the values of Peak Sig

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(12)

(1)

Publication Date

Fri Jun 24 2022

Journal Name

Iraqi Journal Of Science

Image Watermarking using Integer Wavelet Transform and Discrete Cosine Transform

Digital watermarking

Integer wavelet transform (IWT)

Discrete Cosine Transformation (DCT)

Huffman Code

Iman I.

Enas Muzaffer

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In the current research work, a system of hiding a text in a digital grayscale image has been presented. The algorithm system that had been used was adopted two transforms Integer Wavelet transform and Discrete Cosine transformed. Huffman's code has been used to encoding the text before the embedding it in the cover image in the HL sub band. Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) was used to measure the effect of embedding text in the watermarked image; also correlation coefficient has been used to measure the ratio of the recovered text after applying an attack on the watermarked image and we get a good result. The implementation of our proposed Algorithm is realized using MATLAB version 2010a.

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Publication Date

Sat Sep 01 2018

Journal Name

Polyhedron

Novel dichloro (bis {2-[1-(4-methylphenyl)-1H-1, 2, 3-triazol-4-yl-κN3] pyridine-κN}) metal (II) coordination compounds of seven transition metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Cd)

The 1

3-dipolar cycloaddition “click” reaction between an azide and an alkyne to give a 1

2

3-triazole was reported by Huisgen in 1961 [1]. In 2002 the Copper(I)-catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition (CuAAC) to prepare a 1

2

3-triazole was reported [2]

[3]. The existence of relatively basic nitrogen atoms in the 1

2

3-triazole rings

and the possibility of introducing additional donor groups in the substituents (Fig. 1)

made the CuAAC “click” reaction an attractive method to prepare differently substituted 1

2

3-triazoles. These compounds have been used as ligands to coordinate to various metal ions that display a range of applications such as in electrochemical and photochemical studies

in supramolecular chemistry

magnetism

metal-ion sensing and catalysis [4]. The reasons for the success of the “click” reaction

is that it is easy to carry out and is widely applicable. It is not affected by a variety of functional groups

and can be carried out with a variety of Cu(I) catalysts and solvents

including aqueous conditions. The Cu(I) catalysts overcome the high activation energy barrier of the non-catalyzed Huisgen reaction by changing the mechanism of the reaction. A large variety of copper catalysts can be used for the CuAAC reaction

on condition that the maximum concentration of Cu(I) species is generated during the reaction. The pre-catalyst can be a Cu(II) salt (usually CuSO4) together with a reducing agent (often sodium ascorbate) or a Cu(I) compound in the presence of a base or amine ligand and a reducing agent to prevent oxidation to Cu(II). Some strong oxidising cupric salts or complexes such as Cu(OAc)2 also work. The solvent is very flexible from organic to aqueous

with the most commonly used combination water + an alcohol (t-BuOH

MeOH or EtOH). The key role of the solvent or solvent mixture is to solubilize the substrates and Cu(I) catalyst in order to ensure rapid reactions. Such aqueous conditions are very useful for biochemical conjugations

as well as for organic syntheses. We recently reported on the synthesis of a series of differently substituted 1

2

3-triazole chromophores

the substituted 2-(1-phenyl-1H-1

2

3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine ligands [5]

see Fig. 2 middle

with substituents R = H (L1)

CH3 (L2)

OCH3 (L3)

COOH

F

Cl

CN

CF3

O(CH2)3CH3 and N(CH3)2. These versatile ligands were found to coordinate to various first row transition metals

such as manganese

cobalt and nickel [6]. Here we extend the series to include more first row transition metal(II) coordination compounds

iron

copper and zinc

as well as a second row transition metal(II) coordination compound

cadmium

containing the 2-(1-(4-methyl-phenyl)-1H-1

2

3-triazol-1-yl)pyridine chromophore (Fig. 2 right with R = CH3). This series of seven novel coordination compounds is the first series of pyridyl-triazole based transition metal coordination compounds where seven different transition metals are coordinated to the same 1

2

3-triazole chromophore

namely 2-(1-(4-methyl-phenyl)-1H-1

2

3-triazol-1-yl)pyridine.

Kinaan M

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