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Effect of annealing temperature on structural and optical properties of Cr2O3 thin films by PLD
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In the present work, pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique was applied to a pellet of Chromium Oxide (99.999% pure) with 2.5 cm diameter and 3 mm thickness at a pressure of 5 Tons using a Hydraulic piston. The films were deposited using Nd: YAG laser λ= (4664) nm at 600 mJ and 400 number of shot on a glass substrate, The thickness of the film was (107 nm). Structural and morphological analysis showed that the films started to crystallize at annealing temperature greater than 400 oC. Absorbance and transmittance spectra were recorded in the wavelength range (300-
4400) nm before and after annealing. The effects of annealing temperature on absorption coefficient, refractive index, extinction coefficient, real and imaginary parts of dielectric constant were also study. It was found that all these parameters decrease as the annealing temperature increased to 500 °C, while the energy gap after annealing increase from 3.4 eV to 3.85 eV.

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 01 2015
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Keystroke Dynamics Authentication based on Naïve Bayes Classifier
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Authentication is the process of determining whether someone or something is, in fact, who or what it is declared to be. As the dependence upon computers and computer networks grows, the need for user authentication has increased. User’s claimed identity can be verified by one of several methods. One of the most popular of these methods is represented by (something user know), such as password or Personal Identification Number (PIN). Biometrics is the science and technology of authentication by identifying the living individual’s physiological or behavioral attributes. Keystroke authentication is a new behavioral access control system to identify legitimate users via their typing behavior. The objective of this paper is to provide user

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 28 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Modules with Chain Conditions on S-Closed Submodules
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  Let L be a commutative ring with identity and let W be a unitary left L- module. A submodule D of an L- module W is called  s- closed submodule denoted by  D ≤sc W, if D has   no  proper s- essential extension in W, that is , whenever D ≤ W such that D ≤se H≤ W, then D = H. In  this  paper,  we study  modules which satisfies  the ascending chain  conditions (ACC) and descending chain conditions (DCC) on this kind of submodules.

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Publication Date
Wed May 10 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Free Head Shear Test on Decomposed Granite Soil
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The study presents the test results of Completely Decomposed Granite (CDG) soil tested under drained triaxial compression, direct shear and simple shear tests. Special attention was focused on the modification of the upper halve of conventional Direct Shear Test (DST) to behave as free
head in movement along with vertical strain control during shear stage by using Geotechnical Digital System (GDS). The results show that Free Direct Shear Test (FDST) has clear effect on the measured shear stress and vertical strain during the test. It has been found that shear strength
parameters measured from FDST were closer to those measured from simple shear and drained triaxial compression test. This study also provides an independent check on

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 14 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
On generalized b*-Closed Sets In Topological Spaces
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 In this paper, we introduce and study the concept of a new class of generalized closed set which is called generalized b*-closed set in topological spaces ( briefly .g b*-closed) we study also. some of its  basic properties and investigate the relations between the associated topology. 

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
On New Weibull Inverse Lomax Distribution with Applications
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In this paper, simulation studies and applications of the New Weibull-Inverse Lomax (NWIL) distribution were presented. In the simulation studies, different sample sizes ranging from 30, 50, 100, 200, 300, to 500 were considered. Also, 1,000 replications were considered for the experiment. NWIL is a fat tail distribution. Higher moments are not easily derived except with some approximations. However, the estimates have higher precisions with low variances. Finally, the usefulness of the NWIL distribution was illustrated by fitting two data  sets

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 09 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Infertility problems HS Effects on human development
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  • The problem of infertility considers one of the chronic problem a which faced the
    individual & families equally . This problem causes a negative effects in psychological ,
    social and development fields. The infertility contributes in weakening the human
    development, when the human development has become as a centre point which centered
    about individual preparing , rehabilitation, training and knowledge toreach to the required
    excellence.
    We think that , the infertility destroys the socially development; therefore the socially and
    scientific institutions are working hard to find successful solution to resolve the problem
    infertility through sophisticated and scientific methods. This problem
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Publication Date
Thu May 04 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
On Generalized Regular Continuous Functions In Topological Spaces
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In this paper we introduce a new type of functions called the generalized regular
continuous functions .These functions are weaker than regular continuous functions and
stronger than regular generalized continuous functions. Also, we study some
characterizations and basic properties of generalized regular continuous functions .Moreover
we study another types of generalized regular continuous functions and study the relation
among them

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 01 2021
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Materials Science And Engineering
Speech Enhancement Algorithm Based on a Hybrid Estimator
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Abstract<p>Speech is the essential way to interact between humans or between human and machine. However, it is always contaminated with different types of environment noise. Therefore, speech enhancement algorithms (SEA) have appeared as a significant approach in speech processing filed to suppress background noise and return back the original speech signal. In this paper, a new efficient two-stage SEA with low distortion is proposed based on minimum mean square error sense. The estimation of clean signal is performed by taking the advantages of Laplacian speech and noise modeling based on orthogonal transform (Discrete Krawtchouk-Tchebichef transform) coefficients distribution. The Discrete Kra</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sun Jun 30 2013
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Ruling on dealing with Jews in Muslim countries
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Praise be to God, who is satisfied with Islam as our religion, “He opened a clear conquest for us,” and whoever works with us through the Shari’ah works and protects us. And that our master and Mawlana Muhammad His servant and Messenger is a prophet who has been merciful and compassionate. "
And after:
The occupation of Iraq and the accompanying bone events, and the following severe obstacles, resulted in a set of problems that require legitimate stances, and satisfactory answers, remove confusion and delusion, amid the clash of opinions and contradictions of jurisprudence. Work and application.
Among the difficult problems that surfaced in light of the new political developments on the land of Iraq: (the ruling on dealing

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 07 2010
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Adsorption Study for Chromium (VI) on Iraqi Bentonite
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The subject of this research involves studying adsorption to remove hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions. Adsorption process on bentonite clay as adsorbent was used in the Cr(VI) concentration range (10-100) ppm at different temperatures (298, 303, 308 and 313)K, for different periods of time. The adsorption isotherms were obtained by obeying Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm with R2 (0.9921-0.9060) and (0.994-0.9998), respectively. The thermodynamic parameters were calculated by using the adsorption process at four different temperatures the values of ?H, ?G and ?S was [(+6.582 ? +6.547) kJ.mol-1, (-284.560 ? -343.070) kJ.mol-1 and (+0.977 ? +1.117) kJ.K-1.mol-1] respectively. This data indicates the spontaneous sorp

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