The work in this paper focuses on the experimental confirming of the losses in photonic crystal fibers (PCF) on the transmission of Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. First HC-PCF was evacuated to 0.1 mbar then the microstructure fiber (PCF) was filled with He gas & gas. Second the input power and output power of Q-switched Nd:YAG laser was measured in hollow core photonic bandgap fiber (HCPCF). In this work loss was calculated in the hollow core photonic crystal fiber (HCPCF) filled with air then N2, and He gases respectively. It has bean observed that the minimum loss obtained in case of filling (HC-PCF) with He gas and its equal to 15.070 dB/km at operating wavelength (1040-1090) nm.

A good performance of reinforced concrete structures is ensured by the bond between steel and concrete, which makes the materials work together, forming a part of solidarity. The behavior of the bond between the reinforcing bar and the surrounding concrete is significant to evaluate the cracking control in serviceability limit state and load capacity in the ultimate limit state. In this investigation, the bond stresses between reinforcing bar and reactive powder concrete (RPC) was considered to compare it with that of normal strength concrete (NSC). The push-out test with short embedment length is considered in this study to evaluate the bond strength, bond stress-slip relationship, and bond stress-crack width relationsh

Abstract
The current research aims to identify mental health and its role in promoting self-confidence and positive behavior of female university students. The researcher adopted the descriptive analytical approach in this research. The researcher depended on the availability of sources and references, literature, and previous field studies to analyze and study all aspects related to mental health and its role in promoting self-confidence and positive behavior of university students and then expand its importance and identify the areas of mental health, self-confidence, positive behavior, and university. The second chapter included the concept of mental health, the importance of the study, the most important factors of health and psyc

African-American writers during the 19th century wrote in the shadow of the prominent romance, sentimental, and domestic fiction. Harriet Wilson’s Our Nig (1859) reflects an “alternative social character”, for the female protagonist suffers racism in the free North, because she is a mulatto child. Through depicting the life of free blacks, who supposedly lives a better life than Southern slaves, Wilson exposes how she has actually lived and sensed life in antebellum America. According to Raymond Williams (2011), there are two kinds of literary writings. The first represents the general tendency of the age, and he calls it “dominant social character”; representing the majority content of both the public writing and speaking. But, a

In this paper the variable structure control theory is utilized to derive a discontinuous controller to the magnetic levitation system. The magnetic levitation system model is considered uncertain, which subjected to the uncertainty in system parameters, also it is open-loop unstable and strongly nonlinear. The proposed variable structure control to magnetic levitation system is proved, and the area of attraction is determined. Additionally, the chattering, which induced due to the discontinuity in control law, is attenuated by using a non-smooth approximate. With this approximation the resulted controller is a continuous variable structure controller with a determined steady state error according to the selected control

       In this paper, a fixed point theorem of nonexpansive mapping is established to study the existence and sufficient conditions for the controllability of nonlinear fractional control systems in reflexive Banach spaces. The result so obtained have been modified and developed in arbitrary space having Opial’s condition by using fixed point theorem deals with nonexpansive mapping defined on a set has normal structure. An application is provided to show the effectiveness of the obtained result.

Novel bidentate Schiff bases having nitrogen-sulphur donor sequence was synthesized from condensation of racemate camphor, (R)-camphor and (S)-camphor with Methyl hydrazinecarbodithioate (SMDTC). Its metal complexes were also prepared through the reaction of these ligands with silver and bismuth salts. All complexes were characterized by elemental analyses and various physico-chemical techniques. These Schiff bases behaved as uninegatively charged bidentate ligands and coordinated to the metal ions via ?-nitrogen and thiolate sulphur atoms. The NS Schiff bases formed complexes of general formula, [M(NS)2] or [M(NS)2.H2O] where M is BiIII or AgI, the expected geometry is octahedral for Bi(III) complexes while Ag(I) is expected to oxidized t

new six mixed ligand complexes of some transition metal ions Manganese (II), Cobalt(II), Iron (II), Nickel (II) , and non transition metal ion zinc (II) And Cadmium(II) with L-valine (Val H ) as a primary ligand and Saccharin (HSac) as a secondary ligands have been prepared. All the prepared complexes have been characterized by molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility infrared, electronic spectral, Elemental microanalysis (C.H.N) and AA . The complexes with the formulas [M(Val)2(HSac)2] M= Mn (II) , Fe (II) , Co(II) ,Ni(II), Cu (II),Zn(II) and Cd(II) L- Val H= (C5H11NO2) , C7H5NO3S The study shows that these complexes have octahedral geometry; The metal complexes have been screened for their in microbiological activities against bacteria.

The syntheses, characterizations and structures of three novel dichloro(bis{2-[1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl-κN3]pyridine-κN})metal(II), [M(L)2Cl2], complexes (metal = Mn, Co and Ni) are presented. In the solid state the molecules are arranged in infinite hydrogen-bonded 3D supramolecular structures, further stabilized by weak intermolecular π…π interactions. The DFT results for all the different spin states and isomers of dichloro(bis{2-[1-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl-κN3]pyridine-κN})metal(II) complexes, [M(L1)2Cl2], support experimental measurements, namely that (i) d5 [Mn(L1)2Cl2] is high spin with S = 5/2; (ii) d7 [Co(L1)2Cl2] has a spin state of S = 3/2, (iii) d8 [Ni(L1)2Cl2] has a spin state of S =