Acne scars are one of the most common problems following acne vulgaris. Despite the extensive list of available treatment modalities, their effectiveness depends upon the nature of the scar. Ablative lasers had been used to treat acne scars; one of them is the fractional CO2 laser. The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcome of fractional CO2 laser in the treatment of acne scars. Methods: Since January 2010 to June 2013, using 10600 nm fractional CO2 laser beams, the acne scar of 400 patients, 188 males and 212 females, mean age of 34 years, have been treated and classified according to severity into four grades following Goodman and Baron classification. Each patient underwent 3-5 sessions once monthly. The mean laser exposure time was 15 minutes, mean operative time was 1-1.5 hours, no hospital stay and the treatment coarse lasted 3-5 months. Patients were followed up for about one year to evaluate the success of the procedure. Results: Investigators and patients graded the improvement on a scale (0=no improvement to grade1 0-25%, grade 2, 25-50% ,grade 3 50-75%,grade 4 more than 75%. Both investigators and patients gave mean improvement scores in the range of 50% to 75% for scar depth, scar margins beveling, better color match, texture, skin tightness and overall improvement of the patients well looking. The degree of improvement increased with each treatment session and continued to increase between the 1-month and 3-month after the last treatment. Conclusion Fraction ablative resurfacing seems to hit a sweet spot between the minimal benefits of traditional nonablative laser treatment and the considerable downtime and complications of ablative resurfacing.
Wellbore instability problems cause nonproductive time, especially during drilling operations in the shale formations. These problems include stuck pipe, caving, lost circulation, and the tight hole, requiring more time to treat and therefore additional costs. The extensive hole collapse problem is considered one of the main challenges experienced when drilling in the Zubair shale formation. In turn, it is caused by nonproductive time and increasing well drilling expenditure. In this study, geomechanical modeling was used to determine a suitable mud weight window to overpass these problems and improve drilling performance for well development. Three failure criteria, including Mohr–Coulomb, modifie
This research aims to study to the strategic management of organizational conflict, which included (concept of conflict and development, types Altzimi conflict, ,management strategies organizational conflict) and its impact on job performance, which included( the concept of performance, elements functionality,) As well as the impact of the conflict on job performance has been selected Rashad training Hospital affiliated to the Department of Health in Baghdad's Rusafa, as the most important service hospitals with the exact specialty in psychiatry and its impact on the lives of citizens and how to enable the hospital aware of the strategic management of organizational conflict raises the level of functionality provided and make the
... Show MoreBackground: Several risk managem-ent standards had been developed including the Project Management Institute, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, actuarial societies, and ISO standards.
Objective: The study aimed at evaluating risk management among managers of model and ordinary primary health care centers in Baghdad City and comparing the risk management among these centers.
Methods: A descriptive comparative des
... Show MoreThis study aimed to recognize and understand the concept of strategic management accounting (SMA) and how it's the effect on the competitive advantage for industrial companies in Jordan. The study's importance arises due to the lack of Arab studies that dealt with this topic, in addition to the important and vital role of strategic management accounting on companies that represent the artery of the decision-making process, and to identify the benefits associated with SMA technology. The necessary data were collected through the literature review and theoretical study of the references that relevant to the study subject, in addition to a questionnaire developed for this purpose, the study used (124) out of (250) questionnaires tha
... Show MoreIntroduction: Knowledge management plays a crucial role in students’ ability to acquire, organize, retrieve, and apply information, impacting academic performance. In sports sciences, especially in combat sports like boxing, effective knowledge management supports both theoretical understanding and practical skill application. Despite exposure to boxing through training and media, students’ academic performance remains inconsistent. Objective: This study examines the relationship between knowledge management and cognitive achievement among second-year students in the College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at the University of Basrah. It evaluates how students manage knowledge and its impact on their retention and application
... Show MoreBackground: The bond strength of root canal sealers to dentin was important for maintaining the integrity of the seal in root canal filling in both static and dynamic situations. In a static situation, it should eliminate any space that allowed the percolation of fluids between the filling and the wall while in a dynamic situation; it was needed to resist dislodgement of the filling during subsequent manipulation. Materials and Methods: Forty mandibular premolars were selected for this study. All canals were instrumented using ProTaper rotary instruments. Instrumentation was done with copious irrigation of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. Roots were randomly divided into four groups according to the type of cleaning and method of root canal irrig
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