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Permeability of Radicular Dentine after Using Different Irrigant Activation Techniques Including Photo Induce Photoacoustic Streaming Technique
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Background: preparation of root canals is an important step in root canal treatment. Mechanical instrumentation of root canals cause an irregular layer of debris, known as the smear layer. As a result, several studies reported that preferring the removal of the smear layer. Objective: To study the influence of the energy (100 mJ) of Erbium, Chromium: Yttrium Scandium Gallium Garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser at short pulse duration (60 μs)  on smear layer removal of apical third after using Photon induced photoacoustic streaming technique. Materials and methods: Eighteen straight single-rooted mandibular premolars were used. The roots length were uniform to 14mm from the anatomic apex and instrumented using Protaper Gold Rotary NiTi file system to size 40 taper 0.06. Er,Cr:YSGG pulsed laser (waterlase iplus Biolase, CA, USA) 2780 nm was used at short pulse duration (60 μs, 5 Hz ,air and water off) delivered by MD/iplus Glass Tips (MZ6) 600 μm in diameter, length=6 mm, calibration factor= 1.00. Ultrasonic activator ENDO1 (Guilin Woodpecker Medical Instrument Co., Ltd.china) was used with Ultrasonic activator tip ED98 (25#, 2% taper, 18.5mm) (Guilin Woodpecker Medical Instrument Co., Ltd.china). The samples were arbitrarily divided into three groups (n=6) and used as follows: (A) conventional irrigation with 5 ml of 17 % EDTA, (B) passive ultrasonic irrigation with 5 ml of 17 % EDTA,  (C) Er,Cr:YSGG induced photoacoustic streaming  with 5 ml of 17 % EDTA. After final irrigation with normal saline and drying, the roots were painted with nail varnish externally, and 2% methylene blue dye injected into canal until the canal filled with dye. The tooth was splitted at the fourth millimeters from root apex with a diamond disc representing the apical third. Picture was taken by Professional Digital SLR camera (Nikon D7100, Nikon Corporation, Thailand) with 40X magnification. The dye penetration was measured by using analytical software (measure picture CAD-KAS Kessler Germany). ANOVA test was used to analyse repeated measure mean between tested concentration (5.25% NaOCL, 17% EDTA) and control. Data was expressed as mean±SD. LSD (Least Significant Difference) test was used to calculate the significant differences between tested mean. Results: The mean values of the percentage of dye penetration area in two experimental groups was higher than the control group, as the follow (20.79±1.15control, 34.5453±0.45 ultrasonic group, 85.9804±2.69 Er,Cr.YSGG+17%EDTA at 0.5 W). The Percentage of dye penetration in Er,Cr:YSGG laser induced photoacoustic streaming with 17% EDTA was significantly high (P value 0.001), followed by ultrasonic activated group, while control group result in less Percentage of dye penetration than both study groups.  Conclusion: In this study, we concluded that Er,Cr:YSGG  pulsed laser  (0.5 W,5 Hz , air and water off) at short pulse duration (60 μs) with 17% EDTA using PIPS technique for activation of irrigant in endodontic treatment give better result than ultrasonic activation  in smear layer removal

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 26 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
10.28936 USING NATTOKINASE IN CHEDDAR RIPENING: USING NATTOKINASE IN CHEDDAR RIPENING
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The crude enzyme Nattokinase produced by Bacillus subtilis was used in ripening cheddar cheese by adding three concentration of enzyme 80, 160 and 320mg/Kg beside the control treatment without enzyme, the product was checked for three months to determine humidity, protein, fat, non-protein nitrogen, soluble nitrogen and pH, sensory evaluation was conducted, it was noticed that the variety in protein percentages and the soluble nitrogen percentage during second month of ripening for T2, T3 and T4 treatments were (11.2, 15.54 and 18.48) respectively, in comparison with control which was 7.6%, while in the third month it was (17.37, 20.67 and 22.26) respectively, in comparison with control which was only 10%, on the other hand, non-protein

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 01 2021
Journal Name
Basra Journal Of Science
Organic Field Effect Transistor Based on P3HT with Two Different Gate Dielectrics
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The electrical performance of bottom-gate/top source-drain contact for p-channel organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) using poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as an active semiconductor layer with two different gate dielectric materials, Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and Hafnium oxide (HfO2), is investigated in this work. The output and transfer characteristics were studied for HfO2, PVP and HfO2/PVP as organic gate insulator layer. Both characteristics show a high drain current at the gate dielectric HfO2/PVP equal to -0.0031A and -0.0015A for output and transfer characteristics respectively, this can be attributed to the increasing of the dielectric capacitance. Transcondactance characteristics also studied for the three organic mater

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 20 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Noncovalently D-arabinitol Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) to Identify Different Sugar Alcohols
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Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are an effective method for separating enantiomeric compounds. The main objective of this research is to synthesize D-arabinitol MIPs, which can selectively separate D-arabinitol and its potential application to differentiate it from its enantiomer compound through a non-covalent approach. A macroporous polymer was synthesized using D-arabinitol as a template, acrylamide as a functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) being a cross-linker, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) being a porogen, as well as benzoyl peroxide being an initiator. After polymer synthesis, D-arabinitol was removed by a mixture of methanol and acetic acid (4:1, v/v). Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Scan

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Publication Date
Fri May 30 2014
Journal Name
Applied Surface Science
Liquid Phase - Pulsed Laser Ablation: A route to fabricate different carbon nanostructures
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Publication Date
Fri Feb 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Science And Application
Photobleaching Influence in Different Phases for Coumarin 307 and Acriflavine Laser Dyes
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Abstract: Under high-excitation irradiance conditions to induce fluorescence, the dependence of photobleaching of Coumarin 307 (C307) and acriflavine (ACF) laser dyes in liquid and solid phases have been studied. A cw LD laser source of 1 mW and 407 nm wavelength was used as an exciting source. For one hour exposure time, it was found that the solid dye samples suffer photobleaching more than the liquid dye samples. This is because in liquid solutions the dye molecules can circulate during the irradiation, while the photobleaching is a serious problem when the dye is incorporated into solid matrix and cannot circulate.

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 04 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Water Resources And Geosciences
A Review Study on Gypseous Soils Stabilized with Different Additives in Iraq
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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2010
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Biotechnology
BIOCHEMICAL STUDY ON SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE ENZYME IN PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT BRAIN TUMORS
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The aim of the current study is to in evaluate the role of SOD activity in the previously reported oxidative stress in our laboratory(1), in the patients with different brain tumors. SOD activity was assayed according to riboflavin/NBT method and its specific activity was calculated in patients with benign and malignant brain tumors and control. Moreover the specific activity was compared in these samples according to gender and the occurrence of disease.Non significant elevation (P > 0.05) in SOD specific activity was observed in tissue of malignant tumors in comparison to that of in benign brain tumors. While a highly significant decrease (P < 0.001) of the specific activity was found in sera of malignant patients group in comparison to t

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2022
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Velocity Patterns inside the Proposed Makhool Dam Reservoir with Different Operation Plans
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Abstract<p>The Makhoul Dam project proposed to be established is considered one of the strategic projects in Iraq as it works to insurance large quantity of water spare in flood seasons, increase the storage capacity of the dams in Iraq, as well as increase food security. The Makhool Dam is located on Tigris River in Salah al-Din Governorate, and 8 km south of the meeting point of the Tigris River with the Lower Zab River. The lake area is about 256 km2. In this research, a mathematical model was prepared by using HEC-RAS Two Dimension Software to analyze the velocity patterns and water depths inside makhool dam reservoir at the highest operational water elevation, based on the designs prepared </p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2023
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
PDF Comparison based on Various FSO Channel Models under Different Atmospheric Turbulence
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Recently, wireless communication environments with high speeds and low complexity have become increasingly essential. Free-space optics (FSO) has emerged as a promising solution for providing direct connections between devices in such high-spectrum wireless setups. However, FSO communications are susceptible to weather-induced signal fluctuations, leading to fading and signal weakness at the receiver. To mitigate the effects of these challenges, several mathematical models have been proposed to describe the transition from weak to strong atmospheric turbulence, including Rayleigh, lognormal, Málaga, Nakagami-m, K-distribution, Weibull, Negative-Exponential, Inverse-Gaussian, G-G, and Fisher-Snedecor F distributions. This paper extensive

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Publication Date
Fri Jul 01 2016
Journal Name
Composite Structures
Bond behaviour between CFRP laminates and steel members under different loading rates
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Carbon fibre reinforced polymers are widely used to strengthen steel structural elements. These structural elements are normally subjected to static, dynamic and fatigue loadings during their life-time. A number of studies have focused on the characteristics of CFRP sheets bonded to steel members under static, dynamic and fatigue loadings. However, there is a gap in understanding the bonding behaviour between CFRP laminates and steel members under impact loading. This paper shows the effect of different load rates from quasi-static to 300 × 103 mm/min on this bond. Two types of CFRP laminate, CFK 150/2000 and CFK 200/2000, were used to strengthen steel joints using Araldite 420 epoxy. The results show a significant bond strength enhancemen

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