Preferred Language
Articles
/
ijcpe-553
Enhanced conversion of Glycerol to Glycerol carbonate on modified Bio-Char from reed plant: Enhanced conversion of Glycerol to Glycerol carbonate on modified Bio-Char from reed plant
...Show More Authors

The surplus glycerol produced from biodiesel production process as a by-product with high quantity can be considered as a good source to prepare glycerol carbonate (GC) whereas with each 1000 kg from biodiesel obtains 100 kg from glycerol. Glycerol converted to glycerol carbonate over bio-char as a catalyst prepared by slow pyrolysis process under various temperatures from 400 ᴼC to 800 ᴼC. The char prepared at 700 ᴼC considered as a best one between the others which was manufactured to activate the transesterification reaction. GC have large scale of uses such as liquid membrane in gas separation, surfactants ,detergents , blowing agent , in plastics industry, in  Pharmaceutical industry and electrolytes in lithium batteries. Yield percent of GC is 9.3% without catalyze the reaction with char whereas in case of bio-char used the GC yield increases to 67.80%. When the catalyst modified with 3 molar concentration of sodium hydroxide, the yield of glycerol carbonate obtained 98.3% and complete conversion. All the reaction in this study performed under conditions 60ᴼC, 90 min, 3:1 DMC:G and 3%wt. catalyst loading.

Crossref
View Publication Preview PDF
Quick Preview PDF
Publication Date
Sat May 24 2025
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal For Computer Science And Mathematics
Intrusion Detection System for IoT Based on Modified Random Forest Algorithm
...Show More Authors

An intrusion detection system (IDS) is key to having a comprehensive cybersecurity solution against any attack, and artificial intelligence techniques have been combined with all the features of the IoT to improve security. In response to this, in this research, an IDS technique driven by a modified random forest algorithm has been formulated to improve the system for IoT. To this end, the target is made as one-hot encoding, bootstrapping with less redundancy, adding a hybrid features selection method into the random forest algorithm, and modifying the ranking stage in the random forest algorithm. Furthermore, three datasets have been used in this research, IoTID20, UNSW-NB15, and IoT-23. The results are compared with the three datasets men

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Scopus (6)
Crossref (4)
Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Wed Apr 08 2026
Journal Name
Plos One
Text encryption through bio-inspired DNA and RNA sequencing
...Show More Authors

Cryptography is the technology of protecting information and communication by means of encoding the sending information. Existing methods often operate within predetermined mathematical structures which can be subject to pattern recognition and which are lack biological randomness. To address these challenges, this paper introduced a new bio-inspired cryptography approach to protect text messages using the coding mechanisms of DNA and RNA materials. The encryption system consists of six steps: encoding the plaintext message into DNA sequences, transcribing DNA into RNA, applying the complementary base pairing, scrambling RNA segments, optional reverse transcription, and encoding the resulting DNA-RNA characters into ciphertext. Rand

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Mon Dec 01 2014
Journal Name
2014 Ieee Symposium On Differential Evolution (sde)
Comparative analysis of a modified differential evolution algorithm based on bacterial mutation scheme
...Show More Authors

A new modified differential evolution algorithm DE-BEA, is proposed to improve the reliability of the standard DE/current-to-rand/1/bin by implementing a new mutation scheme inspired by the bacterial evolutionary algorithm (BEA). The crossover and the selection schemes of the DE method are also modified to fit the new DE-BEA mechanism. The new scheme diversifies the population by applying to all the individuals a segment based scheme that generates multiple copies (clones) from each individual one-by-one and applies the BEA segment-wise mechanism. These new steps are embedded in the DE/current-to-rand/bin scheme. The performance of the new algorithm has been compared with several DE variants over eighteen benchmark functions including sever

... Show More
View Publication
Scopus (4)
Crossref (2)
Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Wed Nov 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Impact of Preparing HMA with Modified Asphalt Cement on Moisture and Temperature Susceptibility
...Show More Authors

Many researchers tried to prevent or reduce moisture damage and its sensitivity to temperature to improving the performance of hot mix asphalt because it is decreasing the functional and structural life of fixable pavement due to the moisture damage had exposed to it.

The main objective of this study is to inspect the effect of (fly ash “3%, 6%, 12%”, hydrated lime”5%, 10%, 20%” and silica fumes”1%, 2%, 4%) referring to previous research by the net weight asphalt cement as a modified material on the moisture and temperature sensitivity of hot mix asphalt. This was done using asphalt from AL-Nasiria refinery with penetration grade 40-50, nominal maximum size (12.5) mm (surface course) of aggregate and on

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Real-Time Cloth Simulation on Virtual Human Character Using Enhanced Position Based Dynamic Framework Technique
...Show More Authors

     Cloth simulation and animation has been the topic of research since the mid-80's in the field of computer graphics. Enforcing incompressible is very important in real time simulation. Although, there are great achievements in this regard, it still suffers from unnecessary time consumption in certain steps that is common in real time applications.   This research develops a real-time cloth simulator for a virtual human character (VHC) with wearable clothing. This research achieves success in cloth simulation on the VHC through enhancing the position-based dynamics (PBD) framework by computing a series of positional constraints which implement constant densities. Also, the self-collision and collision wit

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Scopus (24)
Crossref (21)
Scopus Clarivate Crossref
Publication Date
Wed Jul 31 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Geological Journal
Correlating Capillary Pressure and Resistivity Index for Carbonate Reservoir
...Show More Authors

Capillary pressure is a significant parameter in characterizing and modeling petroleum reservoirs. However, costly laboratory measurements may not be sufficiently available in some cases. The problem amplifies for carbonate reservoirs because relatively enormous capillary pressure curves are required for reservoir study due to heterogeneity. In this work, the laboratory measurements of capillary pressure and formation resistivity index were correlated as both parameters are functions of saturation. Forty-one core samples from an Iraqi carbonate reservoir were used to develop the correlation according to the hydraulic flow units concept. Flow zone indicator (FZI) and Pore Geometry and Structure (PGS) approaches were used to identify

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Wed Jul 31 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Geological Journal
Correlating Capillary Pressure and Resistivity Index for Carbonate Reservoir
...Show More Authors

Capillary pressure is a significant parameter in characterizing and modeling petroleum reservoirs. However, costly laboratory measurements may not be sufficiently available in some cases. The problem amplifies for carbonate reservoirs because relatively enormous capillary pressure curves are required for reservoir study due to heterogeneity. In this work, the laboratory measurements of capillary pressure and formation resistivity index were correlated as both parameters are functions of saturation. Forty-one core samples from an Iraqi carbonate reservoir were used to develop the correlation according to the hydraulic flow units concept. Flow zone indicator (FZI) and Pore Geometry and Structure (PGS) approaches were used to identify

... Show More
Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Sep 30 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Petrophysical Analysis Based on Well Logging Data for Tight Carbonate Reservoir: The SADI Formation Case in Halfaya Oil Field
...Show More Authors

Carbonate reservoirs are an essential source of hydrocarbons worldwide, and their petrophysical properties play a crucial role in hydrocarbon production. Carbonate reservoirs' most critical petrophysical properties are porosity, permeability, and water saturation. A tight reservoir refers to a reservoir with low porosity and permeability, which means it is difficult for fluids to move from one side to another. This study's primary goal is to evaluate reservoir properties and lithological identification of the SADI Formation in the Halfaya oil field. It is considered one of Iraq's most significant oilfields, 35 km south of Amarah. The Sadi formation consists of four units: A, B1, B2, and B3. Sadi A was excluded as it was not filled with h

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref (4)
Crossref
Publication Date
Fri Oct 31 2025
Journal Name
The Iraqi Geological Journal
Improving Carbonate Reservoir Development Decision: A Study of Controlling Factors Based on Geological and Engineering Objectives, Halfaya Oil Field
...Show More Authors

Detecting the optimum layer for well placement, which requires a diverse assortment of tools and techniques, represents a significant challenge in petroleum studies due to its critical impact on minimizing drilling costs and time. This study aims to evaluate integrated geological, petrophysical, seismic, and geomechanical data to identify the optimum zones for well placement. Three different reservoirs were analyzed to account for lateral and vertical variations in reservoir properties. The integrated data from these reservoirs provides many tools for reservoir development, especially to detect appropriate well placement zones based on evaluations of reservoir and geomechanical quality. The Mechanical Earth Model (MEM) was construct

... Show More
View Publication
Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Fri Oct 31 2025
Journal Name
The Iraqi Geological Journal
Improving Carbonate Reservoir Development Decision: A Study of Controlling Factors Based on Geological and Engineering Objectives, Halfaya Oil Field
...Show More Authors

Detecting the optimum layer for well placement, which requires a diverse assortment of tools and techniques, represents a significant challenge in petroleum studies due to its critical impact on minimizing drilling costs and time. This study aims to evaluate integrated geological, petrophysical, seismic, and geomechanical data to identify the optimum zones for well placement. Three different reservoirs were analyzed to account for lateral and vertical variations in reservoir properties. The integrated data from these reservoirs provides many tools for reservoir development, especially to detect appropriate well placement zones based on evaluations of reservoir and geomechanical quality. The Mechanical Earth Model (MEM) was construct

... Show More
View Publication
Scopus Crossref