Esterification of Free Fatty Acid with High Chain Alcohol for Biodiesel Production Using Semi-Batch Reactive Distillation

Wadood T. Mohammed; Marwa F. Abdul Jabbar

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Publication Date

Thu Dec 31 2015

Journal Name

Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering

Volume

16

Issue Number

4

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Esterification of Free Fatty Acid with High Chain Alcohol for Biodiesel Production Using Semi-Batch Reactive Distillation

Biodiesel

Reactive distillation

Esterification

Homogeneous catalyst

Wadood T. Mohammed

Marwa F. Abdul Jabbar

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The esterification of oleic acid with 2-ethylhexanol in presence of sulfuric acid as homogeneous catalyst was investigated in this work to produce 2-ethylhexyl oleate (biodiesel) by using semi batch reactive distillation. The effect of reaction temperature (100 to 130°C), 2-ethylhexanol:oleic acid molar ratio (1:1 to 1:3) and catalysts concentration (0.2 to 1wt%) were studied. Higher conversion of 97% was achieved with operating conditions of reaction temperature of 130°C, molar ratio of free fatty acid to alcohol of 1:2 and catalyst concentration of 1wt%. A simulation was adopted from basic principles of the reactive distillation using MATLAB to describe the process. Good agreement was achieved.

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Publication Date

Wed Aug 01 2018

Journal Name

Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences

The Role of Quality Function Deployment in Evaluating The Product Applied Research in General Company For Vegetable Oil Industry- Al-M'amoon Factory

ادارة الجودة الشاملة TQM – نشر وظيفة الجودة QFD - نموذج كانو - مصفوفة الصعوبة.

Total Quality Management - Quality Function Deployment -Kano Model - Difficulty Portfolio

عفاف حسن

عبير اسعد

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The Quality function deployment (QFD) tool is an important tool of total quality management because its a link between two important parts customer and production process of the product, using advanced House of quality, which contributed to provide more details about improving the product before it had a vision for the future of the product be improved. Also the identification of the two competitors (Alwazeer , Altouri) bases on the survey of retailers which they identified five competitors products (Alwazeer , Altouri , Ferry , Jif , Dina)for the product (Zahi). Then House of quality to product (Zahi) has been developed By using a Kano Model to classify of customer's requirements for the

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Publication Date

Wed Mar 04 2020

Journal Name

Frontiers In Plant Science

Suppression of Arabidopsis Mediator Subunit-Encoding MED18 Confers Broad Resistance Against DNA and RNA Viruses While MED25 Is Required for Virus Defense

Nasser K.

Layla J.

Edina

James

Emily

Swaminathan

Peer M.

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(8)

Publication Date

Thu Aug 08 2024

Journal Name

Journal Of Inorganic And Organometallic Polymers And Materials

Schiff-Base System of Glutaraldehyde Crosslinked Chitosan-Algae-Montmorillonite Clay K10 Biocomposite: Adsorption Mechanism and Optimized Removal for Methyl Violet 2B Dye

Muna Sarhan

Ahlam M.

Ali H.

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(5)

Publication Date

Mon Nov 01 2021

Journal Name

Journal Of Physics: Conference Series

Light scattering detector based on light-emitting diodes-Solar cells for a flow analysis of Warfarin in pure form and pharmaceutical formulations

Nagham S. Turkey

Jalal N

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Abstract<p>Continuous turbidimetric analysis (CTA) for a distinctive analytical application by employing a homemade analyser (NAG Dual & Solo 0-180°) which contained two consecutive detection zones (measuring cells 1 & 2) is described. The analyser works based on light-emitting diodes as a light source and a set of solar cells as a light detector for turbidity measurements without needing further fibres or lenses. Formation of a turbid precipitated product with yellow colour due to the reaction between the warfarin and the precipitation reagent (Potassium dichromate) is what the developed method is based on. The CTA method was applied to determine the warfarin in pure form and pharmaceu</p> ... Show More

(15)

(5)

Publication Date

Sun Jan 01 2023

Journal Name

Materials Science In Semiconductor Processing

A dual S-scheme g-C3N4/Fe3O4/Bi2WO6/Bi2S3 heterojunction for improved photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue: Proposed mechanism, and stability studies

Aya A

Abeer I.

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(55)

(52)

Publication Date

Sun Sep 01 2024

Journal Name

Results In Engineering

Implementation of a control and monitoring system for a cathodic protection cell to mitigate localized corrosion in fixed and mobile steel structures

Abdulrahman B.

Furat I.

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(6)

(5)

Publication Date

Tue Feb 18 2025

Journal Name

Plasmonics

A Partial Least Squares (PLS2) Model Based on Kinetic-Spectrophotometric Measurement for the Simultaneous Determination of Tetracycline and Phenylephrine in Binary Mixtures

Zankanah F.H.

Majid S.

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Publication Date

Thu Feb 01 2018

Journal Name

Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences

Use Simulation To Differentiate Between Some Modern Methods To the Model GM(1,1) To Find Missing Values And Estimate Parameters With A Practical Application

النموذج الرمادي GM(1

1)

الطريقة التراكمية (ACC)

الطريقة الأسية (EXP)

الطريقة الأسية المعدلة (Mod EXP)

طريقة سرب الجسيمات (PSO)

الوقود الثقيل (HFO)

وقود الديزل (D.O).

GM(1

1)

ACC

EXP

Mod EXP

PSO

HFO

D.O .

فراس احمد

نور

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Abstract

The grey system model GM(1,1) is the model of the prediction of the time series and the basis of the grey theory. This research presents the methods for estimating parameters of the grey model GM(1,1) is the accumulative method (ACC), the exponential method (EXP), modified exponential method (Mod EXP) and the Particle Swarm Optimization method (PSO). These methods were compared based on the Mean square error (MSE) and the Mean Absolute percentage error (MAPE) as a basis comparator and the simulation method was adopted for the best of the four methods, The best method was obtained and then applied to real data. This data represents the consumption rate of two types of oils a he

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Publication Date

Tue Aug 01 2023

Journal Name

Small Ruminant Research

One intron variant in the oocyte expressed protein (OOEP) gene is associated with twinning rate, prolificacy, and several body measurement traits in Awassi ewes

Neam M.

Hasan Falah

Ahmed H.

Tahreer M.

Ali

Thamer R.S.

Mohammed Baqur S.

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(4)

Publication Date

Mon Aug 07 2017

Journal Name

Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Science

Synthesis and Characterization of Tetradentate Complexes Type N2O2 From the Reaction of 2-Hydroxy -1, 2-Diphynel-Ethanone Oxime [H2L] With Mn II, Fe II, Co II, Ni II, Cu II and Hg II Ions

Ahmed T. Numan

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Tetradentate complexes type [M (HL) 2] were prepared from the reaction of 2-hydroxy -1, 2-diphynel-ethanone oxime [H2L] and KOH with ( Mn II, Fe II, Co II, Ni II , Cu II and Hg II ), in methanol with (2:1) metal: ligand ratio. The general formula for Cu II and Mn II complexes are [M (HL) 2 Cl.H2O] K, for Co II [Co (HL) 2. H2O] and [M (HL) 2] for the rest of complexes. All compounds were characterised by spectroscopic methods, I.R, U.V-Vis, H.P.L.C, atomic absorption and conductivity measurements chloride content. From the data of these measurements, the proposed molecular structures for Fe II and Hg II complexes are tetrahedrals, while Mn II and Cu II complexes are octahedrals, Ni II complex adopting square planar structure and the complex

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