Hydrocarbon displacement at the pore scale is mainly controlled by the wetness properties of the porous media. Consequently, several techniques including nanofluid flooding were implemented to manipulate the wetting behavior of the pore space in oil reservoirs. This study thus focuses on monitoring the displacement of oil from artificial glass porous media, as a representative for sandstone reservoirs, before and after nanofluid flooding. Experiments were conducted at various temperatures (25 – 50° C), nanoparticles concentrations (0.001 – 0.05 wt% SiO2 NPs), salinity (0.1 – 2 wt% NaCl), and flooding time. Images were taken via a high-resolution microscopic camera and analyzed to investigate the displacement of the oil at different conditions. In addition, contact angle measurements on quartz surfaces were also conducted at similar conditions to understand the flow behavior in the porous media. Further, zeta potential and particle size distribution measurements were conducted to examine the stability of the injected nanofluids. Results revealed that the injection of nanofluids into oil-wet pore space can significantly enhance the recovery rate of hydrocarbon by altering the wettability of the porous media. However, salinity, particularly at high nanoparticles concentration (≥ 0.005) can dramatically reduce the efficiency of nanofluid. Further, increased aging time can improve the ability of nanofluid to alter the wettability of the surface, and thus more oil can be displaced. Thus, nanofluid can efficiently enhance oil recovery if correctly formulated.
In this work, wide band range photo detector operating in UV, Visible and IR was fabricated using carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs, SWCNTs) decorated with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). Silicon was used as a substrate to deposited CNTs/Ag NPs by the drop casting technique. Polyamide nylon polymer was used to coat CNTs/Ag NPs to enhance the photo-response of the detector. The electro-exploding wire technology was used to synthesize Ag NPs. Good dispersion of silver NPs achieved by a simple chemistry process on the surface of CNTs. The optical, structure and electrical characteristic of CNTs decorated with Ag NPs were characterized by X-Ray diffraction and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy. X-ray diffra
... Show MoreIn this study, functional and numerical response tests, which are important components in the selection of biological control agent, were carried out. In functional response trials, the amount of food consumed, attack rate (a) and handling time (Th) were calculated for each developmental period, depending on the number of preys given after 24 hours. The obtained results were evaluated with the Holling. In numerical response experiments, the development of the predator insect was examined depending on the number of preys given in certain numbers (5, 10, 20, 40 and 80) and the data were recorded. This phase of the trials continued until the individuals died. At this stage of the trials, the reproductive response of the p
... Show MoreAn experiment was carried out at Al-Raed Research Station, which is located on the Baghdad-Anbar road during the winter season, in order to study the effect of the type of solar panels and irrigation system on some performance indicators of irrigation systems and germination percentage of bean crop (Vicia Faba L). A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used with three replications. The experiment consist of two factors. 1st factor was the solar panel type with two levels : monocrystalline and polycrystalline. Second factor was the irrigation system with two levels Drip and sprinkler irrigation system the following indicators were studied : solar panel efficiency (%), Irrigation
Background: Considering the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties of green tea, this study aimed to evaluate the histopathological effect of the sulcular irrigation of green tea extract in the treatment of experimental gingivitis in rabbit.
Materials and methods: For this experimental study, 45 male rabbits, separated in two groups, control non- irrigated group (5rabbits) and study group (40 rabbits), gingivitis induced by ligatures was packed subgingivally in the lower right central incisors of the experimental group for seven days. Then, the animals were randomly designated to two irrigated groups (20 rabbits
... Show MoreHas been studied both processes Almetzaz and extortion of a substance Alklanda Maysan different amounts of Alcaúlan Guy 70% alcohol solution using the method when the wavelength
Background: The patient's vital signs must stay stable pre a pulmonary function test since the approach demands the patient to breathe slowly and deeply and exhale quickly. However, events that cause variations in normal vital signs may impact the patient. Many strategies can be utilized to stabilize vital signs, including music treatment. The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of music therapy on the vital signs of client's pre a pulmonary function test. Methods: An experimental design study with an application (pre-test, post-test), to determine the effectiveness of music therapy for clients pre pulmonary function test for 106 clients in Al-Diwaniyah, Al-Shamiya, and Al- Hamza public hospitals In Iraq. Parti
... Show MoreIn this research various of 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole (Schiff base, oxo-thiazolidine , and other compounds) were synthesized from 2,5-di(4,4?- amino-1,3,4-oxadiazole ) which use quently synthesized from mixture of 4-amino benzoic acid and hydrazine in the presence of polyphosphorus acid. The synthesized compounds were characterized by using some Spectral data (UV, FT-IR, and 1H-NMR).
In this work the interaction of plasma jet with water and hydrogen peroxide liquids used for assisted teeth bleaching by plasma jet had been study. A homemade plasma jet system was used. The plasma jet supply by 15 W electrical power generated by high voltage power supply of 9.6 kV peak to peak and frequency of 33 kHz .this power supply generate high electric field on electrodes that would be enough to ionize the argon gas. Some important agents were study such as the effect of the Ar gas flow rates on the length of the plasma jet, the influence of plasma jet on some properties of water and two hydrogen peroxide concentrations 25 % and 30 % like pH, conductivity and liquid temperature for different exposure time. The liquids temperature
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