Dust and bird residue are problems impeding the operation of solar street lighting systems, especially in semi-desert areas, such as Iraq. The system in this paper was designed and developed locally using simple and inexpensive materials. The system runs automatically. It Connects to solar panels used in solar street lighting, and gets the required electricity from the same solar system. Solar panels are washed with dripping water in less than half a minute by this system. The cleaning period can also be controlled. It can also control, sensing the amount of dust the system operates. The impact of different types of falling dust on panels has also been studied. This was collected from different winds and studied their impact o

Background: The immune system of the oral cavity suffers alterations due to fixed orthodontic treatment which act as potent stimulus for oral secretory immunity. The aims of this study are to estimate the effect of fixed orthodontic appliance on the level of salivary sIgA at different time intervals, and to verify the gender difference. Materials and method: The patient's history, clinical examination, and fixed orthodontic appliances were placed for 30 Iraqi orthodontic adult patients had class II division 1 and/ or class I malocclusion (15 males and 15 females) aged 18-25 years old. The unstimulated whole saliva was collected from each sample immediately before wearing fixed appliance (control group T0 as base line), and after 2 weeks (T1

The dangers of (Israel's) integration with Arab countries in the middle east region will threaten the Arab security structure dimension, which the latter makes the Arab regional system vulnerable for distortion due to its nominal and symbolic value which is far from the Arab self and questioning with its effectiveness in comparing with the real capabilities to Arab countries in achieving the common targets. So, how to assess the different problems that began to hit the structure of the Arab regional system? and how to pledge an allegiance after putting forward what is known as the American Deal of the Century for the administration of former US President Donald Trump for making another step toward normalization with (Israel)?. The reveal

The research seeks to study the subject (Media separation: the Relationship of Arab Immigrants with the Media of the Countries of Diaspora/ Sweden as a model). Where this phenomenon, "problem" has not been subjected to an in-depth study to find out the causes of this media separation and its repercussions on the immigrant, whether in the problem of integration, or his opportunity to work, or adapt to live in the new society.

Separation is a kind of word that is rarely used in Arabic media studies, relevant, sometimes, to the meaning of “refraining from watching TV or listening to the radio or reading newspapers”. Sometimes, it means “not tuning to or using any form of media like radios or newspapers to be updated about what

The Arabic pronouns received a lot of attention from the ancient Arab grammarians, so they explained their origins, the different forms of their structure, and the aspects of the Arabs’ use of them, and explained the aspects and reasons for these uses, with what they had of linguistic insight, which guided them to clarify the truth of these pronouns.
And recently, this research seeks new knowledge of the development of the structure of the nominative pronouns (he), (she), (them), (taa), and (waw) between dialects and towards classical Arabic, by analyzing the structure of these pronouns into their components. Its linguistic formulas are traced from the ancient Arabic texts, and by ancient I mean the texts of the era of linguistic ci

This study attempts to provide an approach analysis for the news, depending on the bases and principles which conceptuality semiotic researchers of this field first of them «A. J. Gremas» for the theory of «narrative discourse analysis», to more clarify we tried to apply it on a published press- news, to concludes the most important steps and methods that are necessary to follows gain more understanding of the press- news.

Darcy-Weisbach (D-W) is a typical resistance equation in pressured flow; however, some academics and engineers prefer Hazen-Williams (H-W) for assessing water distribution networks. The main difference is that the (D-W) friction factor changes with the Reynolds number, while the (H-W) coefficient is a constant value for a certain material. This study uses WaterGEMS CONNECT Edition update 1 to find an empirical relation between the (H-W) and (H-W) equations for two 400 mm and 500 mm pipe systems. The hydraulic model was done, and two scenarios were applied by changing the (H-W) coefficient to show the difference in results of head loss. The results showed a strong relationship between both equations with correlation coefficients of 0.999,