Background: Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that mostly involves the spine and sacroiliac joints. It is associated with a decreased quality of life. Biological medicines such as infliximab and its biosimilar are the mainstay treatments for active ankylosing spondylitis.

Objective: The study objective was to conduct a pharmacoeconomic study comparing the cost-effectiveness of the reference infliximab with its biosimilar in ankylosing spondylitis patients visiting public hospitals.

Subjects and Method: This is a two-center pharmacoeconomic study performed at two large teaching governmental hospitals in Baghdad, Iraq, which s

Classification of network traffic is an important topic for network management, traffic routing, safe traffic discrimination, and better service delivery. Traffic examination is the entire process of examining traffic data, from intercepting traffic data to discovering patterns, relationships, misconfigurations, and anomalies in a network. Between them, traffic classification is a sub-domain of this field, the purpose of which is to classify network traffic into predefined classes such as usual or abnormal traffic and application type. Most Internet applications encrypt data during traffic, and classifying encrypted data during traffic is not possible with traditional methods. Statistical and intelligence methods can find and model traff

      The transition of customers from one telecom operator to another has a direct impact on the company's growth and revenue. Traditional classification algorithms fail to predict churn effectively. This research introduces a deep learning model for predicting customers planning to leave to another operator. The model works on a high-dimensional large-scale data set. The performance of the model was measured against other classification algorithms, such as Gaussian NB, Random Forrest, and Decision Tree in predicting churn. The evaluation was performed based on accuracy, precision, recall, F-measure, Area Under Curve (AUC), and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve. The proposed deep learning model performs better than othe

Given the high importance of attendance for university students, upon which the possibility of keeping or losing their places in the course is based, it is essential to replace the inefficient manual method of attendance recording with a more efficient one.  To handle this problem, technology must be introduced into this process. This paper aims to propose an automatic attendance system based on passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), fog, and cloud computing technologies (AASCF). The system has three sides. The first one, which is the Client-side; works on collecting the attendance data then sending a copy from it. The second side, which is the Server-side, works on calculating an absence ratio of all the students during the

In this paper a refractive index sensor based on micro-structured optical fiber has been proposed using Finite Element Method (FEM). The designed fiber has a hexagonal cladding structure with six air holes rings running around its solid core.  The air holes of fiber has been infiltrated  with different liquids such as water , ethanol, methanol, and toluene then sensor characteristics like ; effective refractive index , confinement loss, beam profile of the fundamental mode, and sensor resolution are investigated by employing the FEM. This designed sensor characterized by its low confinement loss and high resolution so a small change in the analyte refractive index could be detect which is could be useful to detect the change of

This paper is focused on orthogonal function approximation technique FAT-based adaptive backstepping control of a geared DC motor coupled with a rotational mechanical component. It is assumed that all parameters of the actuator are unknown including the torque-current constant (i.e., unknown input coefficient) and hence a control system with three motor control modes is proposed: 1) motor torque control mode, 2) motor current control mode, and 3) motor voltage control mode. The proposed control algorithm is a powerful tool to control a dynamic system with an unknown input coefficient. Each uncertain parameter/term is represented by a linear combination of weighting and orthogonal basis function vectors. Chebyshev polynomial is used