In this study, a theoretical scenario has been used to calculate the electronic current in sensitizer N3 molecule contact to TiO2 semiconductor for electrons in functional solar cells. It is known to play an important role on the compute the eficiency of solar cell. Some parameters of electronic current such as the transition energy, driving force energy, barrier height coupling overlapping values are determined. Transition energy is a necessary parameter to calculate the electronic current in solar cell with using wide polarity solvents Acetic acid, 2-Methoxyethanol, 1-Butanol, Methyl alcohol, chloroform, N,N-Dimethylacetamide and Ethyl alcohol via the quantum donor-acceptor system. Here, we show the results of transition energy can be varied by varied the polarity of solvents due to dielectric constant and refractive index. However, the transition energy of N3/TiO2 system has slightly increasing with increasing dielectric constant and decrease refractive index. In general, the results of electronic current decreased with increased driving force as results to decrease chemical potential of N3 dye. The N3/ZnO device is shown higher current (3.247 to10.46) × 106 with Acetic acid and reach minimum with Methyl alcohol in range (1.689 to 5.443)× 106 when the driving energy minimum ΔE0 = 0.35 eV. (5.225 to 16.837) × 104 with 1-Butanol and reach minimum in range (0.952 to3.070 ) × 104 with chloroform while for drive energy (0.55 eV) the current decrease and reach maximum (8.528 to27.481) × 102 with Methyl alcoholsolvent and reach minimum(0.176 to 0.569 ) with chloroform solvents. Consequently,the TiO2 contact with N3 is given accept current results in room temperature with Acetic acid solvent in low drive energy and with 1-Butanol and Methyl alcoholsolvents at large drive energy.
In order to obtain a mixed model with high significance and accurate alertness, it is necessary to search for the method that performs the task of selecting the most important variables to be included in the model, especially when the data under study suffers from the problem of multicollinearity as well as the problem of high dimensions. The research aims to compare some methods of choosing the explanatory variables and the estimation of the parameters of the regression model, which are Bayesian Ridge Regression (unbiased) and the adaptive Lasso regression model, using simulation. MSE was used to compare the methods.
Fire is the most sever environmental condition affecting on concrete structures, thus investigating for fire safety in structural concrete is important for building construction. The slow heat transfer and strength loss enables concrete to be effective for fire resistance. Concrete structures withstand when exposed to fire according to: their thermal properties, rate of heating, characteristic properties of concrete mixes and their composition and on the duration of fire, and concerned as thermal property with other factors such as loss of mass which affected by aggregate type, moisture content, and composition of concrete mix. The present research goal is to study the effect of rising temperature on the compressive strength of the rea
... Show MoreBackground: Limited data are available on the dimensional stability and surface roughness of ThermoSens, which is a material used in denture processing. This study aimed to measure the vertical teeth changes and surface roughness of ThermoSens dentures prepared using three different investment materials. Materials and methods: For the dimensional changes test, 30 complete maxillary dentures were prepared using different investment methods: group I, dental stone; group II, silicone putty; and group III, a mixture of dental stone and plaster (ratio, 1:1; n = 10 for each group). Four screws were attached to the dentures: two were attached to the buccal surface of the canine and first molar, and the other two were attached in the flange areas o
... Show MoreSb2S3 thin films have been prepared by chemical bath deposition on a glas sub Absorbance and transmittance spectra were recorded in the wavelength range (30-900) nm. The effects of thickness on absorption coefficient, reflectance, refractive index, extinction coefficient, real and imaginary parts of dielectric constant were estimated. It was found that the reflectivity, absorption coefficient , extinction coefficient, real part of dielectric constant and refractive index, all these parameters decrease as the thickness increased, while the imaginary part of the dielectric constant increase as the thickness incre
... Show MoreAbstract The purpose of this paper is to preparing small games for fifth graders. And to identify the impact of these small games in developing some concepts of traffic safety for fifth graders. The two researchers used the experimental method to solve the research problem, and the research community was identified with students. The fifth grade of primary school in the province of Baghdad and a sample was chosen from the private Baghdad Primary School, which numbered (60) male and female students. They were distributed equally into two groups by simple random method (experimental and control groups). As for the most important conclusions reached by the two researchers, it is the presence of an effect of small games in developing some conce
... Show MoreSocial marketing seeks to develop and integrate marketing concepts with other approaches to social change and aims to influence behaviors that benefit individuals and societies for the social good. The study investigates the type and level of influence of social marketing on customer behavior in tourism companies in Baghdad (Iraq). The sample size of the study is 135 people comprising directors, assistant directors, and marketing staff in tourism companies in Baghdad. A questionnaire was used as a tool to collect data and information, and was prepared by the researcher after it underwent validity, stability, and arbitration tests. The data was analyzed using the statistical program (SPSS v. 25, AMOS v. 23) and statistical methods have been
... Show MoreS Ali…, Journal of Physical Education, 2019 - Cited by 1
Gas sensors are essential for detecting noxious gases that have a detrimental effect on people's health and welfare. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are the fundamental component of gas detectors. CQDs and graphene (Gr) were prepared using the electrochemical method. The gas sensitivity of these materials was evaluated at different temperatures (150, 200, 250 °C) to assess their effectiveness. Subsequently, experiments were conducted at different temperatures to ascertain that the combination of CQDs and Gr, with various percentages of Gr and CQDs, exhibited superior gas sensitization properties compared to CQDs alone. This was evaluated based on criteria such as sensitivity, recovery time, and reaction time. Interestingly, the combination was
... Show MoreDried imported blood worms Chironomus reparius was used to motivate the growth of young carp Cyprinus carpio L ., as fish powder was partial and total replaced by blood worms which is a component of the fodder of the common carp fish. Results have shown that blood worm partial replacement treatment surpasses the imported fish powder. Rates of growth motivation of this treatment have been higher than both the control and total replacement processes. Results have shown significant differences in the weight of the fish in the partial replacement of the fish powder by the blood worms.