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Transcriptomic Reanalysis Reveals Complement, Circadian, and Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Remodeling in <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i>-Induced Innate Immune Memory in Human Monocytes
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The commensal bacterium Lactiplantibacillus plantarum is recognized for its ability to cause a state of innate immune memory in monocytes, characterized by the tolerogenic phenotype and lowered pro-inflammatory responses. This study provides an extensive re-examination of the transcriptomic dataset originating from human CD14 + monocytes primed with live or heat-killed L. plantarum (GSE159496). Using a computational approach, 1,954 differentially expressed gene calls that corresponded to 1,397 unique genes were obtained through three pairwise comparisons. In addition, several novel biological pathways that were not investigated in the original study were discovered. Priming with live L. plantarum resulted in a marked downregulation of the complement system (12.5% decrease in its module score, p < 0.001), indicating an important mechanism of immune evasion. Additionally, a significant alteration of the circadian rhythm pathway was revealed, indicating its connection to metabolic time management in sustaining long-term immune tolerance. Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling was coordinately repressed, with 17 pathway genes—including the receptors TLR2 and TLR8—significantly downregulated in live primed cells (p.adjust = 3.0 × 10–6 ). Other significantly modulated novel pathways included a downregulation of glycosylation and post-translational modifications (−13.2%, p < 0.01) and an upregulation of amino acid sensing/mTOR signaling (+11%, p < 0.001) and xenobiotic detoxification (+12%, p < 0.01). These findings point to a multi-layered adaptive response where L. plantarum not only dampens canonical inflammatory signaling but also actively remodels cellular processes related to pathogen recognition, metabolic sensing, and stress responses. This reanalysis provides a more granular model of probiotic-induced immune memory.   Received: 24 June 2026 | Revised: 6 August 2026 | Accepted: 15 September 2026   Conflicts of Interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.   Data Availability Statement The data analyzed in this study are publicly available in the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus under accession GSE159496: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE159496. This study reanalyzed existing data and generated no new experimental data. The analysis scripts are deposited at https://github.com/ahmedalfahad/L-plantarum-innate-memory-reanalysis.   Author Contribution Statement Hanan Yassin Muhsin: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Project administration. Azhaar Raheem Hussein AL-Fartwsy: Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Writing – review & editing. Amenah Hussein Mousa: Validation, Investigation, Data curation, Writing – review & editing, Visualization. Ahmed AbdulJabbar Suleiman: Conceptualization, Software, Validation, Resources, Writing – original draft, Supervision, Project administration.

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 07 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Advanced Pharmacy Education And Research
Fimasartan attenuates edema and systemic changes in egg albumin-induced paw inflammation in rats
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Angiotensin receptor blockers are well known for their therapeutic efficacy and fimasartan has been used safely and efficiently since 2010 in the treatment of hypertension. The study aimed to examine the anti-inflammatory effect of fimasartan in egg albumin-induced inflammation in rats. Rats were treated with diclofenac (25 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) or fimasartan at two different doses (3 or 10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). The increase in the thickness of the paw was considered to be edema, which was measured using a vernier caliper. Serum was collected to analyze the systemic production of the inflammatory mediators TNF-α, and IL-6. The results showed that fimasartan in both doses significantly reduced edema in inflamed rat paws and produce

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2017
Journal Name
International Journal Of Recent Trends In Engineering & Research
Password Authentication Based On Modify Bidirectional Associative Memory (MBAM)
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Password authentication is popular approach to the system security and it is also very important system security procedure to gain access to resources of the user. This paper description password authentication method by using Modify Bidirectional Associative Memory (MBAM) algorithm for both graphical and textual password for more efficient in speed and accuracy. Among 100 test the accuracy result is 100% for graphical and textual password to authenticate a user.

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 20 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Hetero-associative Memory Based New Iraqi License Plate Recognition
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As a result of recent developments in highway research as well as the increased use of vehicles, there has been a significant interest paid to the most current, effective, and precise Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). In the field of computer vision or digital image processing, the identification of specific objects in an image plays a crucial role in the creation of a comprehensive image. There is a challenge associated with Vehicle License Plate Recognition (VLPR) because of the variation in viewpoints, multiple formats, and non-uniform lighting conditions at the time of acquisition of the image, shape, and color, in addition, the difficulties like poor image resolution, blurry image, poor lighting, and low contrast, these

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 19 2025
Journal Name
Vokasi Unesa Bulletin Of Engineering, Technology And Applied Science
Password Authentication Using Modify Multi-Connect Architecture Associative Memory
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Abstract: Password authentication is one of the mechanisms that are widely used to authenticate an authorized user. In this research proposed password authentication for both graphical and textual password by using new technique is Modify Multi-connect architecture (MMCA) algorithm for more efficient in speed and accuracy. Among 100 test the accuracy result is 100% for graphical and textual password to authenticate a user, and the process time to authenticate each user is 0.5 and 1 seconds for textual password and graphical password respectively.

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 25 2024
Journal Name
Tikrit Journal Of Pure Science
Optical Mark Recognition using Modify Bi-directional Associative Memory
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Optical Mark Recognition (OMR) is an important technology for applications that require speedy, high-accuracy processing of a huge volume of hand-filled forms. The aim of this technology is to reduce manual work, human effort, high accuracy in assessment, and minimize time for evaluation answer sheets. This paper proposed OMR by using Modify Bidirectional Associative Memory (MBAM), MBAM has two phases (learning and analysis phases), it will learn on the answer sheets that contain the correct answers by giving its own code that represents the number of correct answers, then detection marks from answer sheets by using analysis phase. This proposal will be able to detect no selection or select more than one choice, in addition, using M

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Hetero-associative Memory Based New Iraqi License Plate Recognition
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نتيجة للتطورات الأخيرة في أبحاث الطرق السريعة بالإضافة إلى زيادة استخدام المركبات، كان هناك اهتمام كبير بنظام النقل الذكي الأكثر حداثة وفعالية ودقة (ITS) في مجال رؤية الكمبيوتر أو معالجة الصور الرقمية، يلعب تحديد كائنات معينة في صورة دورًا مهمًا في إنشاء صورة شاملة. هناك تحدٍ مرتبط بالتعرف على لوحة ترخيص السيارة (VLPR) بسبب الاختلاف في وجهة النظر، والتنسيقات المتعددة، وظروف الإضاءة غير الموحدة في وقت الحصول

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 25 2024
Journal Name
Tikrit Journal Of Pure Science
Optical Mark Recognition using Modify Bi-directional Associative Memory
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Optical Mark Recognition (OMR) is an important technology for applications that require speedy, high-accuracy processing of a huge volume of hand-filled forms. The aim of this technology is to reduce manual work, human effort, high accuracy in assessment, and minimize time for evaluation answer sheets. This paper proposed OMR by using Modify Bidirectional Associative Memory (MBAM), MBAM has two phases (learning and analysis phases), it will learn on the answer sheets that contain the correct answers by giving its own code that represents the number of correct answers, then detection marks from answer sheets by using analysis phase. This proposal will be able to detect no selection or select more than one choice, in addition, using M

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
PROMOTE HUMAN RIGHTS IN CONSUMER PROTECTION AGAINST ENVIRONMENTAL, HEALTH, LEGAL, ADMINISTRATIVE AND CORRUPTION: PROMOTE HUMAN RIGHTS IN CONSUMER PROTECTION AGAINST ENVIRONMENTAL, HEALTH, LEGAL, ADMINISTRATIVE AND CORRUPTION
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Consumer protection requires seeking one official entity to accomplish its tasks. The large number of devices control and implementation in it, return to several ministries, and executive bodies lose coordination and cooperation, and unite efforts to eliminate the types of fraud and control the quality of production within the approved standards. This is in addition to the seriousness of the existence of administrative and legal corruption which hinders the role of inspection committees and representatives of official bodies with the relationship and prevents them from carrying out their duties entrusted to them or presenting them with administrative complications to thwart their duties in consumer protection. This is despite the

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 02 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Violence in late age of human life
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This study focused on the various forms of violence that aged people encounter in their late life, the significance of taking measures that enhance not only the welfare for aged people but also the influence of early stage of life and how the old age effects on people experience throughout their live. Further, the importance of raising the awareness among communities to the extent of seriousness of old age in order to teach children the right habits and traditions, which are faded away over time.  The researcher indicated that raising the avenues of collaboration among home members, social organization, and all governmental facilities will support and provide a good treatment for this group of people.

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 13 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of The Faculty Of Medicine Baghdad
Measuring of Specific Bone Alkaline phosphatase ( BAP ) Bone Remodeling biomarker for Post-COVID Iraqi Patient
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Background: There are several diseases in the body following recovery from COVID-19 infection because this virus operates on human genes in various types of peripheral tissue in the human body. It penetrates host cells via Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 receptors and may have effects on bone remodeling, leading to osteopenia or osteoporosis, which are characterized by low bone mineral density, resulting in diminished bone strength. Bone Alkaline Phpsphatase is an enzyme released into the bloodstream as a soluble homodimer after being cleaved by a phospholipase and can be utilized as a biomarker of bone development. Objective: This research was designed to investigate the alteration of bone homeostasis balance in Iraqi post-COVID-19

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