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Exploring job satisfaction among pharmacy professionals in the Arab world: a multi-country study
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Abstract<sec> <title>Objectives

The study objectives were to (1) describe the characteristics of the pharmacy professionals and (2) explore the association between job satisfaction and factors, such as work control, work stress, workload and organization and professional commitments.

Methods

This study was a cross-sectional design. The survey items were mainly adapted from the US National Pharmacist Workforce Survey. An electronic (Qualtrics) questionnaire was posted on pharmacist social media in several Arab countries. The survey link was posted from 22 March 2021 to 1 May 2021. The multiple linear regression measured the association between 12 independent variables and pharmacist job satisfaction.

Key findings

A total of 2137 usable surveys were received from pharmacists (54.7% female) working in 18 Arabic countries. The job satisfaction rate varied among countries in the Arab world. The fields with the highest satisfaction average included pharmaceutical marketing, academia and the pharmaceutical industry. At the same time, pharmacists working in community pharmacy and Ministry of Health/administrative positions had the lowest satisfaction rates. Overall, pharmacist satisfaction was average (3.1 out of 5). The pharmacists had the lowest satisfaction averages with income and job expectations. The pharmacists with bachelor’s degrees had significantly lower satisfaction than pharmacists with postgraduate degrees. Male pharmacists had significantly higher job satisfaction compared with female pharmacists. Workload and the feelings of organization and professional commitments had significant positive associations with job satisfaction.

Conclusions

The pharmacy profession in Arabic countries faced several challenges that negatively impacted job satisfaction. Improving work environment, professional management, income and organization loyalty is necessary to enhance pharmacist job satisfaction.

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Mon Jan 02 2023
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Welcome To International Journal Of Research In Social Sciences & Humanities
A Pragmatic Study of Hedging in Academic Discourse
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Welcome to International Journal of Research in Social Sciences & Humanities (IJRSSH). It is an international refereed journal of Social Sciences, Humanities & Linguistics in English published quarterly, both print and online.

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Fri Apr 24 2020
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Hyperbole in poetry: A case study of exaggeration
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Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2006
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Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2024
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كلية التربية للبنات
Strategic Maneuvering in Commercial Advertisement: A Pragmatic Study
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This study deals with strategic maneuvering in advertisement from a pragmatic point of view found in some commercial advertisements in order to investigate and analyze the pragmatic devices that are used in the strategic maneuvering and stages. The study attempts to shed light on the most fuzzy areas in advertisements that is probably how the language of advertisements employed by advertisers to affect consumers positively. The primary goal of strategic maneuvering is to discover how the pragmatic devices have persuasive techniques that are used to gain a competitive advantage and more sales. This study is a contribution to the field of research in the language used in advertising. In this research, the effectiveness of strategic man

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Publication Date
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Journal Of Engineering
Risk Response in Construction Project: A Review Study
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Construction projects are characterized as projects with multi phases and activities, complex, unique, and have many different parties and stakeholders. Risks could appear at one or more of the construction project stages and may affect the achievement of project objectives. Therefore, one of the key elements in the planning phase of any project is the risk management process (RMP). This study attempts to understand the terminology of risk in general, risk management, and response to risk in particular. This study is mainly a review of thirty-eight studies that have been published between 1997 and 2020 that demonstrate the importance of the crucial phase of risk response from the risk management process and its impact on

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Thu Feb 01 2018
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Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The technique of converting multi-choice mathematical programming into linear mathematical programming to find the optimal solution
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The study deals with the issue of multi-choice linear mathematical programming. The right side of the constraints will be multi-choice. However, the issue of multi-purpose mathematical programming can not be solved directly through linear or nonlinear techniques. The idea is to transform this matter into a normal linear problem and solve it In this research, a simple technique is introduced that enables us to deal with this issue as regular linear programming. The idea is to introduce a number of binary variables And its use to create a linear combination gives one parameter was used multiple. As well as the options of linear programming model to maximize profits to the General Company for Plastic Industries product irrigation sy

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The role of change management in achieving competetive advantage a case study in diyala state company
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Thu May 21 2020
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A Pragmatic Study of Gender Differences in the Use of Speech Acts in Selected Suicide Notes
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Publication Date
Tue Sep 23 2025
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The educational counselor in the school and his role in guidance and problem solving: a field study in the city of Baghdad
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