The research  includes the study and calculation of the modulation function of Optical Semiconductor Fractal  Modulator and spatial frequency for different values of Silicon modulator transmittance percentage(10%,35%,45%,58%),it found the relation between the modulation function of Silicon and spatial frequency, the exponential relation of all values of the transmittance , the best state of modulation function when the value of transmittance is T=58% ,also the research includes the study of the relation of transmittance with different values of refractive index of Silicon . So the research involves building a computer program of output data which would relate to fractal optical modulation made of semiconductor mate

In this paper, a comparison between horizontal and vertical OFET of Poly (3-Hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as an active semiconductor layer (p-type) was studied by using two different gate insulators (ZrO₂ and PVA). The electrical performance output (I_d-V_d) and transfer (I_d-V_g) characteristics were investigated using the gradual-channel approximation model. The device shows a typical output curve of a field-effect transistor (FET). The analysis of electrical characterization was performed in order to investigate the source-drain voltage (V_d) dependent current and the effects of gate dielectric on the electrical performance of the OFET. This work also considered the effects of the

The research shows the importance of orientation towards the formulation of the green strategy and its effect in determining the behavior of the green municipal institution in Babel governorate. The research highlighted the formulation of the green strategy as an important variable, especially today, the trend towards protecting the environment and minimizing the damage resulting from the delivery of services, and through it also the type of green behavior or performance adopted by the municipal institution and the emergence of the need for a strategy that is not harmful to the environment. The research took the sample intentionally comprehensive size of 222 personnel of municipal institutions and some formations concerned with t

In this study, NaOH dissolution method was applied to dissolve cellulose fibers which extracted from date palm fronds (type Al-Zahdi) taken from Iraqi gardens. In this process, (NaOH)-solution is brought into contact with the cellulose fibers at low temperature. Experiments were conducted with different concentrations of NaOH (4%, 6%, 8% and12%) weight percent at two cooling bath temperatures (-15 oC) and (-20oC). Maximum cellulose dissolution was 23 wt% which obtained at 8 wt% concentration of NaOH and at cooling bath temperature of -20oC. In order to enhance the cellulose fibers dissolution, the sample was pretreated with Fenton's reagent which consists of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), oxalic acid (C2H2O4) and ferrous sulfate (FeSO4). This