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النفوذ الفرنسي في الساحل الافريقي (فرص وتحديات)
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اهتمت دول العالم بدول الساحل الإفريقي لمِا عرفته من ثروات معدنية كثيره فيها، وإن دول الساحل الإفريقي تقع في وسط القارة الإفريقية وإنها تمتد من البحر الأحمر أي مطلة على البحر الأحمر مما يجعلها ذات أهمية ملاحية. والذي زاد في أهميتها مواردها الطبيعية إذ أنها ذات موارد اقتصادية متنوعة وكثيرة لا سيما وأنها قليلة الاستهلاك لهذه الموارد فهذا أدى إلى أهتمام الدول التي يكثر استهلاكها لهذه الموارد فيها، ومن هذه الموارد النفط الذي يعد أساس الاقتصادي للدول الكبرى كالولايات المتحدة الامريكية وغيره من الموارد كالذهب والرينيوم، والذي جعل الدول الأُخَر تتدخل في دول الساحل الإفريقي هو انتشار الإرهاب وسيطرته على هذه الموارد بل على موقع الدول المطلة على البحر الأحمر. أغلب دول الساحل الإفريقي إذ لم تكن جميعها تعاني من عدم التلائم فيما بينهم في الشؤون الداخلية مما جعلها ضعيفة أمام التهديدات الإرهابية وهذا يعني انتشار المنظمات الإرهابية في جميع دول الساحل الإفريقي وبما أن دول الساحل ضعيفة فأنها عجزت من رد هذه الهجمات الإرهابية مما جعل الدول الأخرى كالولايات المتحدة الامريكية وروسيا تسرع في محاربة هذه المنظمات الإرهابية أي أنه تم التدخل في دول الساحل الإفريقي هذا ضايق النفوذ الفرنسي في مستعمراته السابقة ولا سيما وأنها المسيطر فيها، ومع الوقت برزت مجموعات من المواطنين يطالبون بإخلاء أراضيهم من القوات الفرنسية وتدخل القوات الروسية بسبب فشل القوات الفرنسية في إنهاء الإرهاب ونجاح القوات الروسية في إنهاء وتدمير المنظمات الإرهابية وكان الوقت قصيرًا والنتائج كبيرة للقوات الروسية، ولكن فرنسا لم تكن في وضع التفرج والمشاهد لهذه الأحداث بل قامت بعمليات عديدة وزادت من قواتها العسكرية من أجل القضاء على المنظمات الإرهابية وتكون ذات قوة وترحيب من قبل السكان في دول الساحل الإفريقي لا يهدف المحافظة فقط بل زيادة نفوذها في هذه الدول. ولم يقتصر الحال على هذا بل قامت العديد من المؤسسات العسكرية في اغلب دول الساحل بالانقلاب على سلطة الحكم لما رأوه من تقصير منها في حل المعاناة ومشاكل السكان والاكتفاء بمساعدة القوات الفرنسية التي لم تكن في المستوى المطلوب، مما جعل قيام هذه السلطات الجديدة بقطع علاقاتها مع فرنسا والترحيب بغيرها من الدول كالولايات المتحدة الأمريكية وروسيا بل حتى دول إقليمية والذي يشغل السلطات هو إنهاء معاناة السكان من المنظمات الإرهابية وتحقيق العيش الكريم لهم، مما جعل فرنسا تتحرك لدعم الأنظمة التابعة لها من كل النواحي بهدف المحافظة على نفوذها في دول الساحل والمحافظة على مكانتها الدولية واستغلالها موارد هذه الدول وعدت هذه الانقلابات بأنها ضد حقوق الانسان والديمقراطية. ومن ناحية أخرى فإن دول إقليمية كتركيا قامت بالتحرك في دول الساحل الإفريقي من خلال استعمالها للثقافة وإرثها التاريخي وقامت بفتح العديد من السفارات في هذه الدول، مما جعل النفوذ الفرنسي في تراجع مما جعلها تصرف الأموال لبناء مدارس وجعل اللغة الفرنسية فيها لغة أساسية بهدف المحافظة على نفوذها.

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 04 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The role of agricultural insurance in the prevention of financing risks in the form of slam : "An Empirical Study on Shikan Insurance and Reinsurance Company
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The aim of this research is to introduce agricultural insurance, to define financing in the form of salam and the role of agricultural insurance in the prevention of risks to agricultural finance operations in the form of salam by verifying the hypotheses through which to reach the results, including the imposition of risks for agricultural finance in the form of salam, The study of agricultural finance in the form of salm, the deductive approach to the development of the problem of research and hypotheses, and the inductive method to extrapolate the results through analysis and brother The researcher concluded that agricultural insurance works to bridge the risks facing agricultural finance in the form of the ladder in cases of

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 31 2016
Journal Name
مجلة جامعة االنبار للعلوم البدنية والرياضية
The effects of Pilates exercises while using the ladder barrel device on fitness and coordinatedin performance for motor formations in artistic gymnastics for students
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The aim of the research was to prepare Pilates exercises using the barrel ladder apparatus and to identify the effect of Pilates exercises on agility, coordination, and motor sequences of third-year female students in artistic gymnastics. The researcher adopted the experimental method to achieve the objectives of the study and to verify its hypotheses, as it is suitable for the nature and problem of the research. In selecting the research population, the researcher carefully chose the sample using a purposive method, clarifying its elements and constituent units. The research population consisted of third-year female students at the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Women / University of Baghdad, with a total of 20 stud

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 23 2023
Journal Name
Sciences Journal Of Physical Education
Individual analysis of kinetic response variables according to the measurement of the H7 system for the best jumping players in the national basketball team 2021
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The skill scale in most of sport activity monitoring a lot of dynamic behaviours conducted with playing situations that help the excerpt's in sport field to evaluate and put right solutions ,soccer one of games that studies in third stage in college and take skills ,dribbling , passing, shooting these skills helps to execute the plans in game ,the researchers notice that there is no test measure the skills of the game in the beginning of the first semester especially in the method of soccer in physical education college and the problem of the research were by answering the question that is there test connect between one or more that one of skill to measure the ability of students to execute the plans in soccer and the conclusion was the bui

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 30 2004
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
Comparison of the results of some tests of passing and dribbling of the basketball of tow different years between teams of chosen young players in Baghdad
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This study is concerned with the comparison of the results of some tests of passing and dribbling of the basketball of tow different years between teams of chosen young players in Baghdad. Calculative methods were used namely (Arithmetic mean, Value digression and T.test for incompatible specimens). After careful calculative treatments, it has been that there were abstract or no abstract differences in the find results of chestpass, highdribble and cross-over dribble. The clubs were: (Al-Khark, Air defence, Police and Al-Adamiyah) each one separate from the other for the year (2000-2001). After all that many findings were reached such as the lack of objective valuation (periodical tests) between one sport season and the other. In the light

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2006
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
L'image de l'Arabe et l'attitude d'Albert Camus envers la question algérienne dans sa nouvelle "L'Hôte" de son recueil "L'Exil et le Royaume" : Une étude analytique
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Parmi les oeuvres d'Albert Camus, qui s'éloignent un peu de sa
tendance générale qui traite les thèmes de l'absurde ,du néant et de la
question de la mort , on trouve son recueil "l'Exil et le Royaume" 1957
qui contient six nouvelles qui sont d'une invention moins épouvantable
(le Renégat , la Femme adultère , les Muets , le Pierre qui pousse , l'Hôte
et Jonas). Ces nouvelles , à l'exception du "Renégat" , ne provoquent pas
les questions philosophiques et dialectiques qui dominent la plupart des
oeuvres d'Albert Camus , Mais ces nouvelles traitent tout simplement la
question d'homme exilé dans son existence et sa recherche perpétuelle
de son royaume.

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 27 2026
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal For Administrative Sciences
قياس الكفاءة التقنية لوحدات اتخاذ القرار باسلوب التحليل التطويقي للبيانات ( DEA) بحث ميداني في الشركة العامة للنقل البري
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this research aims it measure the technical efficiency of the branches of the General Company for Land Transport, That scattered geographically at country level, by Data Envelopment analysis (DEA) technique, as this technique relies on measuring the efficiency of a set of asymmetric Decision making units, which is one of the nonparametric mathematical methods for and application related to Linear Programming, and this is what helps the General Company for Land Transport to diagnose its branches performance by benchmarking with each other and determine the performance gap. The research found that there is variation in the level of efficiency in the company's branches

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 28 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Classism Hate Speech in Katherine Mansfield's Short Story ‘The Doll’s House’: A Pragmatic Study: ايمان نوري جاسم , مصلح شويش احمد
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Hate speech (henceforth HS) has recently spread and become an important issue. This type of speech in children's writings has a particular formulation and specific objectives that the authors intend to convey. Thus, the study aims at examining qualitatively and quantitatively the classism HS and its pragmatic functions via identifying the speech acts used to express  classism HS, the implicature instigated as well as impoliteness. Since pragmatics is the study of language in context, which is greatly related to the situations and speaker’s intention, this study depends on pragmatic theoriespeech acts, impoliteness and conversational implicature) to analyze the data which are taken from Katherine Mansfield's short story (The D

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2022
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Employing Statistical Analysis in Public Relations Researches: (An Analytical Study of the Theses and Dissertations of Public Relations for the Period from 2005 to 2012)
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Public relations are amongst the social sciences that rely on scientific methods in achieving new knowledge or resolving existing problems by means of its scientific researches that are often applied and require a classification in terms of their results’ analysis. It also requires subtle statistical processes whether in constructing their material or in analyzing and interpreting their results.

This research seeks to identify the relation between public relations and statistics, and the significance a researcher or practitioner in the domain of public relations should assign to statistics being one of the important criteria in identifying the accuracy and object

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Evaluating the supervision tools of the Central Bank of Iraq to verify the continuity of private banks: An applied research in the Central Bank of Iraq
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The aim of the research to highlight the calendar of the most important tools used by the Central Bank of Iraq, in the implementation of the function of supervisory oversight, to verify the stability of the banking system, and protect the funds of shareholders, and depositors in general and the absence of any raises the risks of default and financial failure in particular, for commercial banks. The most important flaws and weaknesses in these tools, in the early detection of the risks of continuity in a timely manner, The study concluded a set of conclusions, including the weakness of the tools used in the performance of the function of supervisory oversight in detecting cases of default and financial failure in the early time as well as

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 05 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Red Ginger's Anti-Anxiety Effect on BALB/c Strain Mice (Mus musculus) Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Measurements as Anxiety Model
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There is a correlation between the occurrence of anxiety and the production of inflammatory mediators, and red ginger rhizome is a well-known herbal product with a high content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds that can be used as anti-inflammatories and antioxidants. The aim of study to evaluate the effect of red ginger as antianxiety in mice (Mus musculus) BALB/c strain by measuring levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10.  Anxiety model mice were carried out by giving treatment with the Forced Swimming Test (FST) for 7 days then assessed by carrying out the Elevated Plus Maze for Mice (EPM) test for one day. After the treatment, the anxiety mice model was made, followed by administration of red ginger ethanol extract therapy for 14 days.

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