Wireless sensor applications are susceptible to energy constraints. Most of the energy is consumed in communication between wireless nodes. Clustering and data aggregation are the two widely used strategies for reducing energy usage and increasing the lifetime of wireless sensor networks. In target tracking applications, large amount of redundant data is produced regularly. Hence, deployment of effective data aggregation schemes is vital to eliminate data redundancy. This work aims to conduct a comparative study of various research approaches that employ clustering techniques for efficiently aggregating data in target tracking applications as selection of an appropriate clustering algorithm may reflect positive results in the data aggregation process. In this paper, we have highlighted the gains of the existing schemes for node clustering based data aggregation along with a detailed discussion on their advantages and issues that may degrade the performance. Also, the boundary issues in each type of clustering technique have been analyzed. Simulation results reveal that the efficacy and validity of these clustering-based data aggregation algorithms are limited to specific sensing situations only, while failing to exhibit adaptive behavior in various other environmental conditions.
The purpose of this research is to analyze the relationship between the emotional intelligence and the leadership personality of the managers . the research was tested at the college of administration and economics – university of Baghdad through applying it on a sample of (67) members and units of the college. a questionnaire was used as a major tool for collecting data and information . for the purpose of researching to conclusion, the research aimed to test two main hypotheses related to the correlation coefficient and the effect correlation between the two main variable of the research, some statistical techniques such as (the mean, student deviation, percentages, correlation coefficient spearman, simple regression) were us
... Show MoreKE Sharquie, SA Al-Mashhadani, AA Noaimi, WB Al-Zoubaidi, Our Dermatology Online/Nasza Dermatologia Online, 2015 - Cited by 10
Estimating multivariate location and scatter with both affine equivariance and positive break down has always been difficult. Awell-known estimator which satisfies both properties is the Minimum volume Ellipsoid Estimator (MVE) Computing the exact (MVE) is often not feasible, so one usually resorts to an approximate Algorithm. In the regression setup, algorithm for positive-break down estimators like Least Median of squares typically recomputed the intercept at each step, to improve the result. This approach is called intercept adjustment. In this paper we show that a similar technique, called location adjustment, Can be applied to the (MVE). For this purpose we use the Minimum Volume Ball (MVB). In order
... Show MoreThis study investigated the ability of using crushed glass solid wastes in water filtration by using a pilot plant, constructed in Al-Wathba water treatment plant in Baghdad. Different depths and different grain sizes of crushed glass were used as mono and dual media with sand and porcelaniate in the filtration process. The mathematical model by Tufenkji and Elimelech was used to evaluate the initial collection efficiency η of these filters. The results indicated that the collection efficiency varied inversely with the filtration rate. For the mono media filters the theoretical ηth values were more than the practical values ηprac calculated from
the experimental work. In the glass filter ηprac was obtained by multiplying ηth by a
In this paper, we show that for the alternating group An, the class C of n- cycle, CC covers An for n when n = 4k + 1 > 5 and odd. This class splits into two classes of An denoted by C and C/, CC= C/C/ was found.