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In-depth assessment of Iraqi physicians' adherence to treatment guidelines for different diseases: a qualitative study
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Background: In healthcare settings, specialists from different fields may follow the most well-known, reliable, and easy-to-understand medical guidelines. This study aimed to determine Iraqi physicians' adherence to treatment guidelines, to specify which treatment guidelines are utilized for each disease and identify their barriers to follow the guidelines.

Methods: This was qualitative study including face-to-face and virtual semi-structured interviews with specialist physicians from different disciplines. The interviews were conducted between December 2021 and May 2022 in Kirkuk province, Iraq. The qualitative data generated through interviews was analyzed using thematic analysis.

Result: The study recruited 48 specialists (27 male and 21 female) from seven medical specialties at two large government hospitals. Most physicians (38 /44) revealed that healthcare settings implement treatment guidelines in more than half of cases.  American guideline was the most used among the participating physicians. European and British guidelines and textbooks were also used by some specialties. Unfortunately, most (43 out of 47) physicians were unaware of Iraqi treatment guideline. Most seniors often followed the same guidelines for one branch, with little variation in approach based on their experience and flexibility. Almost all participating physicians believed that shortages in treatment (46/47) and investigation/lab materials (45/47) and low patient adherence (44/47) are major barriers to implement the guideline(s). Six out of seven specialties experienced shortage in the essential medications that recommended by the guidelines

Conclusions: Most physicians followed well-known international guidelines. Each specialty follows different guidelines relying on the disease. Medication shortage in the public hospitals was the main barrier facing physicians to implement treatment guidelines. Enhancing physician awareness of the Iraqi guidelines should be encouraged. Finally, securing essential medicines in public hospitals is pivotal to adopt evidence-based guidelines effectively.

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2013
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Biochemical Study of Gonad Hormones in Sera of Iraqi Patients with Thyroid Disorder
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the alteration in levels of gonado trophins hormones i.e.,Leutizing (LH),Follicular(FSH) in sera of patients with thyroid disorders and molecular binding study of (LH ,FSH) with their antibodies The study was conducted at the specialized center for endocrinology and diabetes from January / 2009 to March / 2010.Two hundreds and twenty three Iraqi subjects, 109 patients with thyroid disorders at age range between (40-50) years and 114 healthy individuals as control group were included in this study.The majority of patients were female with hyperthyroidism and (49.54 % ) were at age range between(40 - 50) years. The levels of hormones(LH,FSH.tri iodothyronine(T3).thyroxine(T4), thy

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 30 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Effects of Different Concentrations of Melatonin on the Time-course of Nitrite–induced Oxidation of Hemoglobin: In vitro Study
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         Melatonin is a potent scavenger of reactive oxygen species or free radicals like superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. The oxidation of hemoglobin to methemoglobin (meth-Hb) by oxidizing compounds has been widely studied. The present work was designed to evaluate the ability of different concentrations of melatonin to inhibit nitrite–induced oxidation of hemoglobin. Blood samples were obtained from apparently healthy individuals from which erythrocyte hemolysate was prepared. Different concentrations of melatonin (10-9-1.0 mg/ml) were incubated for 10 min with the hemolysate, then to the resultant mixture 1 ml of sodium nitrite (final concentration 0.6 mM) was added, and the

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 11 2019
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Indications of Intravitreal Injection of Bevacizumab in a sample of Iraqi patients
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Background: Anti-vascular endothelial growth factors commonly used intravitreally for treatment of variable retinal disease worldwide, which help to regulate the upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factors due to ischemia or/and other retinal insult.

Objective: To review all cases of intravitreal bevacizumab given in the retinal unit of the Eye Specialty Private Hospital in Iraq from December 2015 to June 2016, pointing out the common indications.

Methods: A retrospective study including all cases of intravitreal injections of bevacizumab recorded at the Eye Specialty Private Hospital from December 2015 to June 2016 were retrieved. Age, sex, laterality, diagnosis

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 02 2014
Journal Name
Basrah Journal Of Science
Extraction and partial purification for fimbriae from Proteus mirabilis and study their role in adhesion to uroepithlial cells
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From 211 urine samples, Gram negative bacteria were isolated from only 61 urine samples with isolation percentage 28.9%. Escherichia coli were isolated percentage 70.49% while Klebsiella pneumoniae and Psendomonas aeruginosa were 8.19% and 6.55%, respectively.Proteus spp. Were isolated from 9 (14.75%), P. mirablis and P. vulgaris were isolates percentage 11.47% and 3.27%, respectively. Uroepithelial Cell Adhesin (UCA) fimbriae expression by P.mirabilis isolates was detected by the high capacity to adhesion to human uroepithetial cells, the isolate p.mirabilis U7 was adhesion to human uroepithelial cells mean no.30.2 bacteria/cell when grown on luria broth at 37C for 24h, but then grown it’s on luria agar at 37C for 24h the adhesion

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 30 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Impact Kaizen Budget to reducing costs and continuous improvement the operations: study in General Company for Light Industries
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The budget represents a critical accounting tool used for planning and control. It is considered a measure of the results expected to occur.

This study aims to identify the impact of the Kaizen Budget in reducing costs and continuous improvement on the General Company's operations for Light Industries. The research idea is based on the fact that preparing the budget based on constant improvement supports the higher management of people, processes, materials, and production methods, thus enabling them to manage and reduce their costs.

Research results that the prepared budget suffers from many shortages that limit the materials' usefulness for management

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 24 2019
Journal Name
University Of Thi-qar Journal
Assessment of the Performance of Stone Columns through the Seismic Wave Test: A Review
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The geophysical testing is increasingly being employed in many geotechnical applications. It is preferred in monitoring the mechanical characteristics of the ground because of its economy, not time consuming and non-destructive nature. Seismic wave test is one of the geophysical methods which showed a potential in observing the general behaviour of the reinforced soil with stone columns. Findings in most cases showed that the seismic wave measurements was integrated with or compared to the conventional tests such as standard penetration test or cone penetration test. There was a noticeable success in identifying the enhancement achieved to the ground upon the strengthening with the column, specifically when the associated surveys can produc

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Publication Date
Sun Nov 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Dermatology & Dermatologic Surgery
Treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis by topical 25% podophyllin solution (single, blinded, therapeutic, controlled study)
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KE Sharquie, AA Noaimi, AG Al-Ghazzi, Journal of Dermatology & Dermatologic Surgery, 2015 - Cited by 19

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of The Saudi Society Of Dermatology & Dermatologic Surgery
Treatment of pityriasis versicolor using 1% diclofenac gel and clotrimazole cream (comparative therapeutic study)
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KE Sharquie, HM Al-Hamamy, AA Noaimi, IA Al-Shawi, Journal of the Saudi Society of Dermatology & Dermatologic Surgery, 2011 - Cited by 9

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 08 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Laser
Nano Fluid Detection for HPHE System Using Different Lasers
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Among the different passive techniques heat pipe heat exchanger (HPHE) seems to be the most effective one for energy saving in heating ventilation and air conditioning system (HVAC). The applications for nanofluids with high conductivity are favorable to increase the thermal performance in HPHE. Even though the nanofluid has the higher heat conduction coefficient that dispels more heat theoretically but the higher concentration will make clustering .Clustering is a problem that must be solved before nanofluids can be considered for long-term practical uses. Results showed that the maximum value of relative power is 0.13 mW at nanofluid compared with other concentrations due to the low density of nanofluid at this concentration. For highe

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 30 2024
Journal Name
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution
Design of New Wet Heterogeneous Photo Oxidation Process for Refinery Waste Water Treatment in Photo Baffled Reactor
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