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1D Geomechanical Modeling to Detect the Deformation in Mishrif Formation at Nasriyah Oil Field, Iraq
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Knowing the distribution of the mechanical rock properties and in-situ stresses for the field of interest is essential for many applications concerning reservoir geomechanics, including wellbore instability analysis, hydraulic fracturing, sand production, reservoir compaction, subsidence and water/gas injection throughout the filed life cycle. Determining the rock's mechanical properties is challenging because they cannot be directly measured at the borehole. The recovered carbonate core samples are limited and only provide discrete data for specific depths. This study focuses on creating a detailed 1D geomechanical model of the Mishrif reservoir in the Nasriyah oil field to identify the fault regime type for each unit in the formation. This is particularly important in CO2-EOR as it helps to understand reservoir connectivity and optimize CO2 injection. A geomechanical model is also necessary to evaluate the behavior of the reservoir and cap rock. This model can help predict the stress distribution, deformation, and potential failure zones. The Mishrif Formation has five units (from CI to MB-2). Based on the current results, the cap rock units (CI, CII) possess weak mechanical properties. The 1D mechanical earth model highlights different faulting regimes within the Mishrif Formation across various wells;as wells as, different trends of elasticand mechanical properties across the formation units. Some wells exhibit reverse (thrust) type faulting in the reservoir units and normal faulting in the barrier units. Conversely, other wells display strike-slip faulting in the reservoir units and reverse/thrust faulting in the barrier units. Also, the reservoir units exhibited it’s stiffness, brittle strength, it’s endurance to shear force and proved it’s geomechanical stability due to the high values of static young modulus, unconfined compressive strength, bulk modulus and relatively high mechanical properties it's important to note that the in-situ stress has significantly decreased in the barrier units.

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
D-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber Toxic Metal Ions (Arsenic) Sensor Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance
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In this work, a Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) sensor based on the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) technology was proposed. A thin layer of gold (Au) was deposited on a D-shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF), which was coated with plasmonic chemically stable gold material with a thickness of 40nm. The performance parameters like sensitivity including wavelength sensitivity and amplitude sensitivity and resolution were evaluated by simulation using COMSOL software. The proposed sensor was created by using the finite element approach, it is numerically examined. The results show that the surface of D-shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber coated with Au behaves as a sensor to detect the refractive index (IR) of toxic metal ions. The impacts of the str

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Publication Date
Mon May 04 2020
Journal Name
Offshore Technology Conference
Hydrate Equilibrium Model for Gas Mixtures Containing Methane, Nitrogen and Carbon Dioxide
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Abstract<p>Gas hydrate formation is considered one of the major problems facing the oil and gas industry as it poses a significant threat to the production, transportation and processing of natural gas. These solid structures can nucleate and agglomerate gradually so that a large cluster of hydrate is formed, which can clog flow lines, chokes, valves, and other production facilities. Thus, an accurate predictive model is necessary for designing natural gas production systems at safe operating conditions and mitigating the issues induced by the formation of hydrates. In this context, a thermodynamic model for gas hydrate equilibrium conditions and cage occupancies of N2 + CH4 and N2 + CO4 gas mix</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Thu Mar 18 2010
Journal Name
Spe Projects, Facilities & Construction
Correlating Optimum Stage Pressure for Sequential Separator Systems
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Summary<p>A study to find the optimum separators pressures of separation stations has been performed. Stage separation of oil and gas is accomplished with a series of separators operating at sequentially reduced pressures. Liquid is discharged from a higher-pressure separator into the lower-pressure separator. The set of working separator pressures that yields maximum recovery of liquid hydrocarbon from the well fluid is the optimum set of pressures, which is the target of this work.</p><p>A computer model is used to find the optimum separator pressures. The model employs the Peng-Robinson equation of state (Peng and Robinson 1976) for volatile oil. The application of t</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Fri Aug 20 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Laser
Design and Analysis of BIMD Double Clad MMF -MZI Using Optiwave Simulation
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This work focused on principle of higher order mode excitation using in- line Double Clad Multi-Mode Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (DC-MM-MZI). The DC-MM-MZI was designed with 50 cm etched MMF. The etching length is 5cm. The tenability of this interferometer was studied using opt grating ver.4.2.2 and optiwave
ver. 7 simulator. After removing (25, 35, 45, 55) μm from MMF and immersing this segment of MMF with water bath contained distilled water and ethanol, in addition to, air. Pulsed laser source  centered at 1546.7nm ,pulse width 10ns and peak power 1.33mW was propagated via this interferometer Maximum modes were obtained in case of air surrounded media which are 9800 and 25 um removed cladding layer, with peak power 49.800 m

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
A Generalization of t-Practical Numbers
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This paper generalizes and improves the results of Margenstren, by proving that the number of -practical numbers  which is defined by   has a lower bound in terms of . This bound is more sharper than Mangenstern bound when  Further general results are given for the existence of -practical numbers, by proving that the interval contains a -practical for all

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Estructura y el análisis de los personajes en la novela“ Sotileza ” de José María de Pereda
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Resumen

    Sotileza , localismo santandrino de sutileza , es la parte más fina del aparejo de pescar donde va el anzuelo. Es la obra maestro de José María de Pereda.Su ambiente , el Santander viejo, anterior al año 50,evocado emocionadamente - emociόn romántica contenida en los trazos sobrios y firmes de un naturalism psicolόgico y paisajista,el Santander que el autor confiesa poseer en el fondo de su corazόn,«y tenerlo esculpido en la memoria de tal suerte que ,a ojos cerrados,me atrevería a trazarle con todo su perímetro y sus calles, y el color de sus piedras, y el número, y los nombres, y hasta las caras de sus habitantes».Dentro de la grandeza primaria de las criaturas de Pere

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2016
Journal Name
Bulletin Of Mathematics And Statistics Research
New Approximation Operators Using Mixed Degree Systems
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This paper is concerned with introducing and studying the first new approximation operators using mixed degree system and second new approximation operators using mixed degree system which are the core concept in this paper. In addition, the approximations of graphs using the operators first lower and first upper are accurate then the approximations obtained by using the operators second lower and second upper sincefirst accuracy less then second accuracy. For this reason, we study in detail the properties of second lower and second upper in this paper. Furthermore, we summarize the results for the properties of approximation operators second lower and second upper when the graph G is arbitrary, serial 1, serial 2, reflexive, symmetric, tra

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 25 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Comparison study of CC and CH vibration frequencies and eelectronic properties for mono, Di, Tri, and tetra-rings layer of arm chair (SWCNTs)
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Semi-empirical methods were applied for calculating the vibration frequencies and IR absorption intensities for normal coordinates of the {mono (C56H28), di (C84H28), tri (C112H28) and tetra (C140H28)} -rings layer for (7,7) armchair single wall carbon nanotube at their equilibrium geometries which were all found to have D7d symmetry point group.

Assignment of the modes of vibration (3N-6) was done depending on the pictures of their modes by applying (Gaussian 03) program. Comparison of the vibration frequencies of (mono, di, tri and tetra) rings layer which are active in IR, and inactive in Ramman spectra. For C-H stretching vibrat

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 25 2018
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Different Estimation Methods for System Reliability Multi-Components model: Exponentiated Weibull Distribution
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        In this paper, estimation of system reliability of the multi-components in stress-strength model R(s,k) is considered, when the stress and strength are independent random variables and follows the Exponentiated Weibull Distribution (EWD) with known first shape parameter θ and, the second shape parameter α is unknown using different estimation methods. Comparisons among the proposed estimators through  Monte Carlo simulation technique were made depend on mean squared error (MSE)  criteria

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Das Mittelfeld im Deutschen und ihre Angabe im Arabischen Vorgelegt von
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Die vorliegende Forschung handelt es um die Satzfelder, besonders das Mittelfeld des Satzes im deutschen und Arabischen. Diese Forschung wurde mit der Satzdefinition, Satzglieder begonnen, damit wir diese klar werden und dann werden die Felder des Satzes gut gekannt. Der erste Abschnitt schlieβt auch den Mittelfeld des Satzes und, wie man das Feld erkennen und bestimmen kann. Die Forschung untersucht auch. Ob es in der arabischen Sprache den selben Struktur wie im Deutschen gibt, z.B Bildung des Satzes sowie Satzfelder bezügllich das Mittelfeld.

Der zweite Abschnitt handelt sich um den arabischen Teil und behandelt die Wortarten im Arabischen sowie den Satz als auch Satzarten (Nominal- Verbal- Halbsatz).

Danach befinden

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