Perennial biofuel and cover crops systems are important for enhancing soil health and can provide numerous soil, agricultural, and environmental benefits. The study objective was to investigate the effects of cover crops and biofuel crops on soil hydraulic properties relative to traditional management for claypan soils. The study site included selected management practices: cover crop (CC) and no cover crop (NC) with corn/soybean rotation, switchgrass (SW), and miscanthus (MI). The CC mixture consisted of cereal rye, hairy vetch, and Austrian winter pea. The research site was located at Bradford Research Center in Missouri, USA, and was implemented on a Mexico silt loam. Intact soil cores (76‐mm diam. by 76‐mm long) were taken from the 0–10, 10–20, 20–30, and 30–40 cm depths with three plot replicates and two sub‐samples per plot replicate per depth. Soil hydraulic properties evaluated for each sample included: saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), water retention, bulk density, and pore size distributions. Results showed with the test of Duncan's least significant differences that treatments of MI (1.18 Mg m−3) and SW (1.21 Mg m−3) had lower values of bulk density averaging across soil depth than CC (1.27 Mg m−3) and NC (1.31 Mg m). Management systems significantly increased Ksat with the biofuel treatments at 0–10 cm compared to NC system. The MI management showed a significant increase in macroporosity and fine mesoporosity as compared to other management systems. Slight changes have occurred in the measured soil physical properties for CC system compared to NC plots. Overall, increasing soil organic matter from more plant roots from long‐term biofuel cropping systems can improve soil water storage and crop productivity.
The current research is concerned with studying the variables in the promotion process which influence the advertisement design structure, as the accomplished design and construction process is subject to many variables, whether they were intellectual or technological, internal or external variables. These variables may overlap in order to get a comprehensive system for the artistic configuration, that any design in its content reaches the highest levels of perfection is connected to the extent of its compliance with and approximation to these variables, that is why we find their reflections deeply rooted in the individual's mind, especially the designer artist who is influenced by everything surrounding him forming knowledge systems res
... Show MoreThe public budget is on the same time an art and a science .As an accountable science it seeks balance between public income and public expenditure for an accountable year. And as an accountable art it seeks to achieve economic balance by distributing equitable income in order to reach sustainable development .This is the optimal use of all natural and human resources to address scarcity of natural resources facing the increase need of human resources by spending on education, health, environment, housing, agriculture and industry to achieve social justice for the current generation and future generations. Since the first budget in Iraq on 1921 an accounting budget, is balancing the sections and items has been adopted and since the publi
... Show MoreNative speakers of English from different parts of the world have different accents,but the differences of accents are mainly the result of differences in the sound of vowels and consonants . The actual use of all these sounds in combination leads the speaker to produce a number of segments which only appear on the production level and realized on the perceptual one . RP pronunciation represents the teachable variety in all Iraqi universities because it is the most acceptable and understandable accent all over the world and not only in South East London ..The structure of the English syllable in RP pronunciation is influenced by the appearance of certain allophones especially aspiration and glottalization which ch
... Show MoreBackground: Otitis media with effusion is a common and important pediatric clinical problem; it is the leading cause of hearing impairment in children. Medical treatment remains controversial. Aim: To evaluate the usefulness of using topical nasal steroids in the treatment of otitis media with effusion. Patients and Methods: Between November 2019 and October 2022, a prospective controlled clinical study was carried out in the department of otolaryngology at Al-Jerrahat Teaching Hospital in Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq. This study comprised 40 patients with bilateral otitis media with effusion (23 males, 17 females). Two groups were created for the patients. Patients in group A (20 patients) were treated with mometasone furoate nasal spra
... Show MoreA particulate polymer composite material was prepared by reinforcing with the Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) or Aluminum (Al) metallic particles with a particle size of (30) µm to an unsaturated Polyester Resin with a weight fraction of (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%).
Tensile test results showed the maximum value of elastic modulus reached (2400MPa.) in the case of reinforcing with (Al) particles with weight fraction (20%) and (1500 MPa.) in the case of reinforcing with (Al2O3) particles of the same weight fraction.
When the impact and the flexural strength tests were done, the results showed that flexural strength (F.S), maximum shear stress (τmax), impact strength
... Show MoreThe performa of evaluation process is a process that should be carried out by all industrial management in order to stand on aspects of development or underdevelopment of the various departments and activities in its industrial project for the purpose of identifying obstacles and find out the causes and then avoid them quickly. And intended to rectify the performance evaluation of the activities of industrial project or economic union by measuring the results achieved within a specific operational process and compare it to what is already targeted, and often the time for comparison of one year.
The process of performance evaluation depends upon several criteria and indicators within the
... Show MoreIn this paper, we present some numerical methods for solving systems of linear FredholmVolterra integral equations of the second kind. These methods namely are the Repeated Trapezoidal Method (RTM) and the Repeated Simpson's 1/3 Method (RSM). Also some numerical examples are presented to show the efficiency and the accuracy of the presented work.
Objective: to assess the predictive value of Doppler imaging of the uterine artery in the identification of early intrauterine abnormal pregnancy as compared to a normal intrauterine pregnancy. Subjects and methods: one hundred and twenty pregnant ladies, at their 6-12 weeks of gestation, with a singleton pregnancy were included in this population-based case-control study. Thirty women with a missed miscarriage, 30 with hydatidiform mole, 30 with a blighted ovum, and 30 as a control group, without risk factors, underwent Doppler interrogation of the uterine arteries. Resistive index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), and the systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D) were measured for both sides. The t-test, or ANOVA test when appropriate, was
... Show MoreInelastic longitudinal electron scattering form factors have been calculated for isoscaler transition
T = 0 of the (0+ ®2+ ) and (0+ ®4+ ) transitions for the 20Ne ,24Mg and 28Si nuclei. Model
space wave function defined by the orbits 1d5 2 ,2s1 2 and 1d3 2 can not give reasonable result for
the form factor. The core-polarization effects are evaluated by adopting the shape of the Tassie-
Model, together with the calculated ground Charge Density Distribution CDD for the low mass 2s-1d
shell nuclei using the occupation number of the states where the sub-shell 2s is included with an
occupation number of protons (a ) .
This work aims to study the exploding copper wire plasma parameters by optical emission spectroscopy. The emission spectra of the copper plasma have been recorded and analyzed The plasma electron temperature (Te), was calculated by Boltzmann plot, and the electron density (ne) calculated by using Stark broadening method for different copper wire diameter (0.18, 0.24 and 0.3 mm) and current
of 75A in distilled water. The hydrogen (Hα line) 656.279 nm was used to calculate the electron density for different wire diameters by Stark broadening. It was found that the electron density ne decrease from 22.4×1016 cm-3 to 17×1016 cm-3 with increasing wire diameter from 0.18 mm to 0.3 mm while the electron temperatures increase from 0.741 to