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Professional Challenges Facing Pharmacists Working at Public Hospitals in an Iraqi Province: A Qualitative Study
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In Iraq, because of the dramatic turnovers facing the country for three decades, pharmacists continue to experience significant professional challenges in both the public and private sectors. The present study aimed to explore the professional challenges and obstacles facing Iraqi pharmacists working in public hospitals. This qualitative study included face-to-face semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions with hospital pharmacists. The participants were selected purposefully (with ≥ 3 years of experience) to work at governmental hospitals in Karbala province between December 2022 and April 2023. The audio-recording interviews were scripted. Thematic analyses were used to generate themes and subthemes from the interviews. Thirty-two pharmacists participated in this study. The study found that there are many challenges facing Iraqi pharmacists in hospitals. Some of which are related to the pharmacists themselves, such as suboptimal competency with an overwhelming number of pharmacists in each hospital, while the others are related to suboptimal organizational conditions, such as inadequate interdisciplinary collaboration, an unfriendly hospital environment as patients' confrontation, unequal task distributions, and inadequate technology and tools. According to the study findings, greater emphasis should be placed on improving multidisciplinary teamwork, pharmacist competency, the pharmacists' role in hospitals and securing the supply of essential medicines. Most participants recommend enhancing quality over quantity of pharmacists in addition to finding areas and horizons to benefit from these large numbers of pharmacists. Keywords: Iraqi pharmacists, hospital pharmacists, challenges, obstacles, Qualitative study.  

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 15 2021
Journal Name
Nasaq
A Corpus-Based Approach to the Study of Vocabulary in English Textbooks for Iraqi Intermediate Schools
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Learning the vocabulary of a language has great impact on acquiring that language. Many scholars in the field of language learning emphasize the importance of vocabulary as part of the learner's communicative competence, considering it the heart of language. One of the best methods of learning vocabulary is to focus on those words of high frequency. The present article is a corpus based approach to the study of vocabulary whereby the research data are analyzed quantitatively using the software program "AntWordprofiler". This program analyses new input research data in terms of already stored reliable corpora. The aim of this article is to find out whether the vocabularies used in the English textbook for Intermediate Schools in Iraq are con

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 15 2017
Journal Name
Arab World English Journal
An Assessment of Iraqi EFL Learners’ Performance in Using Synonymy and Antonymy
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The knowledge related with lexical items can be realized as including relations of meaning a cross words. Words that share a similarity of meaning are called to be synonymous, and words that share a contrary of meaning are called to be antonymous. Both of them are universal linguistic phenomenon that exist in terms of linguistic system of every language. The present study aims at finding out areas of difficulty that Iraqi EFL learners encounter in the use of synonymy and antonymy, both on the recognition and production levels. Also tries to detect the main reasons behind such difficulties. A diagnostic test of two parts, namely, recognition and production, is designed. The test is built to include two linguistic phenomenon which are: synony

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 03 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Professional competencies and teaching university professor from the point of view of students
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Targeted Search:

-scale preparation of teaching and professional competencies required for university professor from the perspective of students from different disciplines.

-scale application prepared by the researcher for the students to see how their preference for these competencies to their professors.

-limited Search: Find determined to present the following

-students of both sexes in the University of Baghdad.

2013 -      2012

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 02 2013
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Effects of Lead on Hemopoeitic and Iron Status in Iraqi Workers at Lead Batteries Factory
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The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of lead exposure on hemopoetic system (through the index delta-Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase ?-ALAD activity & hemoglobin concentration (Hb) ) and on iron status (levels of iron Fe, Ferritin Fr, Total iron binding capacity TIBC, percentage of transferine saturation TF%) in 44 Iraqi worker at lead batteries factory. Workers divided into two groups: smokers(n=21) mean aged (37.33±4.82 year)and non smokers(n=23) mean aged(40.78±7.89 year) and 45 healthy subjects mean aged (33.97±5.08)as control group . Activity of ?-ALAD ratio shows significant decrease (p ? 0.05) ,while Hb and hematocrit Hct were non significant (p ? 0.05) in smoker workers more than non smoker as compared to control . The r

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 04 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The impact of banking technology in enhancing the strategic capacity: an applied research on a sample of Iraqi private commercial banks
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Abstract :                                                                                               

                 This research demonstrates the importance of

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Commitment of Public Companies in disclosure requirement of Financial Statement: Analysis Study in State Company for Leather Industries (SCLI)
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It has been an increase concern of scientific and professional accounting sides on disclosure especially after appearance of business firms and accounting development with its relationship to financial statements which are considered to be outputs of the activity results.  The preparing of financial statements and auditing of those accounts according to normal principles and standards of accounting on both local and international levels. Accounting disclosure can be seen an importance through discover all fundamental and necessary information for proper supply. Therefore, the research will highlight on public companies commitment in Iraq for basis and standards which have taken disclosure in financial data. The conceptual frame of t

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 03 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
Superiority of Peremptory Norms in Public International Law
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International law has proven that it is an evolving and flexible law over the years, and despite that, this development takes a very long time, as the concept of peremptory norms took 83 years to crystallize and have concrete and impactful applications, and within this development another modern concept emerged, which is the obligations Erga Omnes in the Barcelona Traction case 1970. We have concluded that these two concepts fall under a broader concept, which is peremptory norms, and this concept represents the common supreme interests of the international community, and consists of rules that transcend all other rules in international law, and it is not permissible to derogate or deviate from them. On the other hand, it bears the oblig

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 16 2022
Journal Name
International Academic Journal Of Accounting And Financial Management
Analyzing and Measuring the Relationship between Public Spending and the Parallel Exchange Rate in the Iraqi Economy for the Period 2004-2022
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Public spending represents the government’s financial leverage and has a significant impact on real and monetary economic variables, and one of these effects is the effect of public spending on the exchange rate as an important monetary variable for monetary policy, As we know that public spending in Iraq is financed from oil revenues sold in US dollars, and the Ministry of Finance converts the US dollar into Iraqi dinars to finance the government's need to spend within the requirements and obligations of the state's general budget, And converting the US dollar into Iraqi dinars has an impact on the parallel exchange market, even if there is a contractual exchange rate between the Ministry of Finance and the Central Bank of Iraq to

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Global Pharma Technology
Study of the genetic diversity in three species belonging to family: Daphniidae (Crustaceae, Cladocera) collected from different regions in Baghdad Province/Iraq
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Scopus
Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The effects of human error in the banking risks - Empirical study in a number of Iraqi private banks
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Abstract

This research aims to study human error effects in the banking risks in the private banks  through the measurement and testing of human error effect in every kind of banking risks types and stand on the most closely associated with the risks in order to focus on them and make appropriate processors have with respect to and increase the availability of skills and expertise required to carry out banking operations of error-free manner.

Find dealt with human error in terms of meaning and understandable, classifications and types, causes and consequences and its approaches and theories. Also addressed placed banking risks in terms of meaning and concept, species and entr

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