Restoration of degraded lands by adoption of recommended conservation management practices can rehabilitate watersheds and lead to improving soil and water quality. The objective was to evaluate the effects of grass buffers (GBs), biomass crops (BCs), grass waterways (GWWs), agroforestry buffers (ABs), landscape positions, and distance from tree base for AB treatment on soil quality compared with row crop (RC) (corn [Zea mays L.]–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation) on claypan soils. Soil samples were taken from 10‐cm‐depth increments from the soil surface to 30 cm for GB, BC, GWW, and RC with three replicates. Soil samples were collected from summit, backslope, and footslope landscape positions. Samples were taken at 50‐ and 150‐cm distances from the tree base. β‐Glucosidase, β‐glucosaminidase, dehydrogenase, fluorescein diacetate hydrolase (FDA), soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), active carbon (AC), and water‐stable aggregates (WSA) were measured. Results showed that β‐glucosidase, β‐glucosaminidase, dehydrogenase, FDA, AC, WSA, and TN values were significantly greater (P < 0.01) for the GB, BC, GWW, and AB treatments than for the RC treatment. The first depth (0–10 cm) revealed the highest values for all soil quality parameters relative to second and third depths. The footslope landscape had the highest parameter values compared with summit and backslope positions. The 50‐cm distance of AB treatment had higher values than the 150‐cm distance for all measured parameters. Results showed that perennial vegetation practices enhanced soil quality by improving soil microbial activity and SOC.
Core Ideas
Permanent vegetative management (trees and grasses) enhanced soil quality.
Perennial practices improved microbial activity and increased soil organic carbon.
Perennial vegetative practices have agricultural and environmental significance.
Establishing perennial practices is an effective approach to enhance soil quality.
Objective: To evaluate nurses' practices concerning isolation techniques for Adult Leukemic Patients (ALP). Methodology: A descriptive study was carried out at the isolation rooms at leukemic wards in Baghdad Teaching Hospitals, starting from Jan. 27th 2008 up to the 27th of Apr. 2008. To achieve the objectives of study, a non-probability "purposive" sample of (50) nurse was selected out of four Teaching Hospitals in Baghdad city were selected according to the criteria of the study sample. The study instrument consisted of two major parts. It is based on the review of literature. First is concerned with demographic data for nurses; and the second part is observational tool (checklist) is composed of (83) item. The conte
Objective: To assess mothers' knowledge and practices concerning cholera and their relationship with some sociodemographic characteristics of those mothers. Methodology: A sample of (100) mother was selected through a convenience sample for the period of July First through August 31 2007 '؛ . Data were collected through interview of mothers were visiting PHC centers by using of constructed questionnaire developed by the researcher that contains (31) item. Reliability and Validity of the tool were determined through pilot study. A descriptive and inferential statistical approaches were used for data analysis. Results: The study indicated that mothers’ knowledge and practices concerning cholera were unacceptable
The aim of this research is to clarify the importance of total quality management. Total quality management considered as a cultural process covering the various aspects of activities in society that helps human well-being, as well as the development of its efficiency and ability. They also have an effective role in achieving the desired goals that will benefit humanity. The concept of total quality management in the Qur'an is a broad, comprehensive and well integrated concept that aims to improve human life economically and socially. Quality in the Qur'an is a mean to achieve human beings happiness. In this research we will highlight a successful story of quality management from Qur'an that ensures consumer protection and support of
Objective : Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a
common neurological disease deeply
linked with the immune-inflammatory
disorders whereas the term (multiple)
mostly refers to the multi-focal zones of
Inflammation caused by lymphocytes and macrophages infiltration besides oligodendrocytes
death. Accordingly , the dysfunctional immune system able to damage myelin ( a pivotal
component of the central nervous system ) which responsible for communication among
neurons. The aim of the present study is to innovate a biochemical relationship between MS
and thyroid hormones (THs) by highlighting immunological responses and also to examine
the action of Interferon beta (IFNβ) drug on thyroid hormone (THs) and thyroid stimulation
hormone (TSH). Materials and
In this study, poly4-(nicotinamido)-4-oxo-2-butenoic acid (PNOE) was prepared by the electro polymerization of 4-(nicotinamido)-4-oxo-2-butenoic acid (NOE) monomer on a 316 stainless steel (St.St) which acts as an anticorrosion coating. Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and cyclic voltammetry were used to diagnose the structure and the properties of the prepared polymer layer. The corrosion behavior of the uncoated and coated 316 St.St were evaluated by using an electro chemical polarization technique in 0.2 M hydrochloric acid solution as a corrosive medium at a temperature range of 293 to 323 K. Nano materials, such as nano ZnO and graphene were adde
The aim of this study was to determine the effect on using the McCarthy Model (4MAT) for developing creative writing skills and reflective thinking among undergraduate students. The quasi-experimental approach was adopted. And, in order to achieve the study objective, the educational content of Teaching Ethics (Approach 401), for the plan for the primary grades teacher preparation program was dealt with by using a teaching program based on the McCarthy Model (4MAT) was used.
The study which was done had been based on the academic achievement test for creative writing skills, and the reflective thinking test. The validity and reliability of the study tools were also confirmed. The study was applied to a sample consisting of
This research means a study (the impact of the Arab-Islamic environment on contemporary painting, the artist Abd al-Rahman al-Suleiman as a model). The research falls into two axes: the first: the theoretical axis, and the second: the applied axis. The first axis dealt with an introduction that contained: (the research problem, its importance, its goal, its limits, and the definition of terms). This research aims to uncover (the impact of the Arab-Islamic environment on contemporary painting, and the artist Suleiman was a model). And the research limits spatially: Saudi Arabia, and temporally: 2010-2014. This theme included two topics: The first: the characteristics of the Saudi environment and its impact on art. The second: the s
