In this study, the acid-alkaline transesterification of refined coconut seed oil (RCOSO) to fatty acid methyl ester was followed by the production of a trimethylolpropane-based thermosensitive biolubricant using potassium hydroxide, and its physicochemical characteristics were evaluated. The American Standard Test for Materials (ASTM) was employed to ascertain the biolubricant's pour point and index of viscosity, which were found to be -4 oC and 283.75, respectively. The opposite connection between lubricant viscosity and temperature was shown by the measured viscosities at varied transesterification to be transformed into biodiesel. Following this, a biolubricant was created by further transesterifiedtemperature. The ester group is verified by comparing the Fourier Transfer Infra-red (FTIR) spectra of the biodiesel and the biolubricant between absorption bands (1755.07-1737.21 cm-1). Gas chromatographic data shows that sweet almond oil contains 71.725 % unsaturated fatty acids for use as a biolubricant, 53.478 % more unsaturated fatty acids than saturated fatty acids, and 9.52 g iodine per 100 g of oil sample more than unsaturated glycerides. At 31.44 and 45.93 %, respectively, linoleic acid made up the majority among the fatty acids in the oil and synthetic biolubricant. In addition, palmitic, linoleic, and oleic acids were present in the biolubricant and coconut oil. The biolubricant's characterization results correlated highly with the ISO VG-32 standards, suggesting that it has the capacity to serve as light gear oil.
The importance of the research comes from dealing with the problem of lack of traffic awareness, which causes accidents and the occurrence of human and material losses, and the research aims to study the role of satellite channels in forming traffic awareness among the public, and a sample was chosen from Baghdad consisting of (280) individuals, male and female, and used the questionnaire tool. To obtain the data, which included several questions, the results were analyzed statistically and several results were reached, the most important of which is that there is an interest among the public in following traffic programs at a rate of one to two hours to receive information through traffic programs and to identify and apply gener
... Show MoreBovine milk is one of the richest nutrients that contain minerals and vitamins that enhance immunity, especially in children, but because many children do not want to drink the raw milk, therefore this study aimed to enhance the sensory characteristics of raw milk by using hibiscus plant extract, which is characterized by red color and distinctive flavor as well as studying the effect of aqueous extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa on inhibiting the growth of microorganisms, by using three concentrations of the aqueous extract (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5%), where the statistical results showed a significant difference (P≤0.05) between the concentrations in color, texture and general acceptance, and the best results appeared when using
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The research aims to identify how to audit potential liabilities and contingent liabilities in light of the pandemic and its reflection on the auditor's report. The research problem is represented by the complexity of the process of checking potential liabilities and contingent liabilities in insurance companies, which was negatively reflected in the auditor's neutral technical opinion. The researchers hypothesize that auditing potential liabilities and contingent liabilities in light of the Corona pandemic is positively reflected in the auditor's report. The research concludes that the process of checking potential liabilities and contingent liabilities is
... Show MoreAccounting disclosure is the main means and effective tool for communicating business results to users in support of their decisions, especially those with thought and specialization from academics and professionals in the field of accounting and auditing about the importance of accounting disclosure and transparency in financial reports.
Contingent liabilities represent commitments based on the occurrence of one or more events in the future to confirm the value due, the party entitled to it, the maturity date, or to confirm the existence of the obligation itself, and therefore they should not be recognized as a contingent liability i
... Show MoreBackground: Orthodontic tooth movement is characterized by tissue reactions, which consist of an inflammatory response in periodontal ligament and followed by bone remodeling in the periodontium depending on the forces applied. These processes trigger the secretion of various proteins and enzymes into the saliva.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in saliva during orthodontic tooth movement using different magnitude of continuous orthodontic forces. Materials and Methods: Thirty orthodontic patients (12 males and 18 females) aged 17-23 years with class II division I malocclusion all requiring bilateral maxillary first premolar extractions were randomly divided into three groups according to t
... Show MoreThis study was conducted to evaluate the bottled water quality for the six-producing companies in Baghdad city, where selected six brands which are the most marketed in the Iraqi market, especially in Baghdad, where taking the proper amount of bottled water in September 2015 and included the studied characteristics (EC , pH ,TDS, Turbidity, Ca+2, Mg+2, Cl-, No3-, So4-2, HCO3-, Na+ and K+) in addition to the total population of bacteria aerobic and coliform, and compare the results with the standard specifications of the Iraqi and the World Health Organization (WHO), as well as to compare the results of sampling specifications mentioned on the packaging by the producing companies. The results showed the presence of high significant differ
... Show MoreVerbal Communication is linked with the social event no matter how different Communities in their cultures and styles of living and it's intuitions and political systems remain involved in its need . It is a dialogue , a pillar of human Communication , all Communication process conditional on the where a bouts of the shrine and the cycle of words . Semiotics is based on two principles important to Communicate : one : offer intended to report to the speaker . And the other : The recipient of the message a (know led gment of this intent . And learn to measure intent rely on two types of units ; first is the evidence for which is available for reporting the intent and the other : Signals . semiotics Communicate evidence bother as a channel
... Show MoreMost of the texts of Islamic law provide for the payment of damage and the denial of the human ... Damage of all kinds of material and moral, which is in the harm that affects the human being in himself or his offer or money or other affairs respected by Sharia. A person can defend himself, his mind, his religion, his offer and his money (the five imperatives) as much as he can. Islam rejects violence directed without a legitimate right and does not endorse aggression against others. Violence has been defined in language as a lack of compassion or against it or is a reprimand, bashing, and the blame ... It is in psychology: human behavior tainted by cruelty, oppression, and aggression, and is defined politically: it is deliberate civil d
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