This study investigated the treatment of dairy wastewater using the electrocoagulation method with iron filings as electrodes. The study dealt with real samples collected from local factory for dairy products in Baghdad. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to optimize five experimental variables at six levels for each variable, for estimating chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency. These variables were the distance between electrodes, detention time, dosage of NaCl as electrolyte, initial COD concentration, and current density. RSM was investigated the direct and complex interaction effects between parameters to estimate the optimum values. The respective optimum value was 1 cm for the distance between electrodes, (60 – 120) min for detention time, 250 mg NaCl/L added, C0/6 = 5,775 mg COD/L as initial COD concentration, and 7.884 - 8.077 mA/cm2 as current provided. At the optimum parameter values, the optimum COD removal efficiency was 73.4%. Meanwhile, the study also performed removal efficiency for nitrogen (N) and phosphate (P) due to their effects on the aquatic life and systems. The optimum removal efficiency for phosphorus and nitrogen was 98.0% and 80.3%, respectively. Due to its effects on the environment and to comply with local legislations, treating these wastewaters using eco-friendly processes was highly recommended taking in consideration the economic feasibility, flexibility and easiness to operate. In addition, the study proved that the high surface area for iron filings played a crucial role in removing process.
The study of petroleum systems by using the PetroMoD 1D software is one of the most prominent ways to reduce risks in the exploration of oil and gas by ensuring the existence of hydrocarbons before drilling.
The petroleum system model was designed for Dima-1 well by inserting several parameters into the software, which included the stratigraphic succession of the formations penetrating the well, the depths of the upper parts of these formations, and the thickness of each formation. In addition, other related parameters were investigated, such as lithology, geological age, periods of sedimentation, periods of erosion or non-deposition, nature of units (source or reservoir rocks), total organic carbon (TOC)
... Show MoreGenetic diversity was studied in 31 Iraqi common reed samples , which were collected from Iraqi marshes in Basrah , Messan and Thi-Qar provinces and also from different areas in Baghdad province . Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used for evaluation of genetic diversity between collected samples . Seven primers were used for polymorphism detecting between common reed samples . The results revealed 102 bands for the all samples when RAPD-PCR was used . The percentage rate for the monomorphic bands is 6.86% , while the percentage rate for the polymorphic bands is 93.13% , and the numbers of these bands are ranging between 10 to 17 for each used primer . The UBC1 primer gave the highest number of poly
... Show MoreThe subject of an valuation of quality of construction projects is one of the topics which it becomes necessary of the absence of the quantity standards in measuring the control works and the quality valuation standards in constructional projects. In the time being it depends on the experience of the workers which leads to an apparent differences in the valuation.
The idea of this research came to put the standards to evaluate the quality of the projects in a special system depending on quantity scale nor quality specifying in order to prepare an expert system “ Crystal “ to apply this special system to able the engineers to valuate the quality of their projects easily and in more accurate ways.
The study aimed to reach the best rating for the views and variables in the totals characterized by qualities and characteristics common within each group and distinguish them from aggregates other for the purpose of distinguishing between Iraqi provinces which suffer from deprivation, for the purpose of identifying the status of those provinces in the early allowing interested parties and regulators to intervene to take appropriate corrective action in a timely manner. Style has been used cluster analysis Cluster analysis to reach the best rating to those totals from the provinces that suffer from problems, where the provinces were classified, based on the variables (Edu
... Show MoreThe present research aims to know :
The level of Cognitive failures, information processing styles, and the problem-solving among the university students ,so it is aims to know the contribution of cognitive failures on the information processing styles and problem-solving, the research sample was (400) males and females student from the University of Wasit chosen randomly from both gender and for the study of the morning and evening .So these scales had been used as a research tool (failures cognitive scale ,the scale of information processing styles , and the scale of problem solving) , and by using the statistical m
... Show Moreتعد دراسة التراث العلمي العربي من الدراسات التي تلقي الضوء على التطور التاريخي للعلوم العربية وما أنجزته العقلية العربية في هذا الميدان للمدة التاريخية التي ابتدأت بعصر صدر الإسلام وانتهت بالخلافة ويرى الكثير من العلماء سواء كان
Bio-treatment is considered as one of ecologically most efficient methods of wastewater treatment. This study was done in order to reduce the negative effects phenolic compounds included in the olive mill wastewater added to the cultivated soil and to study the individual and collective ability of fungal and bacterial isolates to dismantle them. The experiment, conducted in 2020 with randomization in experimental design, consisted of six treatments and three replications. First four treatments had olive mill wastewater treated with fungal isolates Penicillium sp, Aspergillus flavos and bacterial isolates Pseudomonas sp,Bacillus sp individually. The fifth treatment included co
... Show MoreThis research paper studies the use of an environmentally and not expensive method to degrade Orange G dye (OG) from the aqueous solution, where the extract of ficus leaves has been used to fabricate the green bimetallic iron/copper nanoparticles (G-Fe/Cu-NPs). The fabricated G‑Fe/Cu-NPs were characterized utilizing scanning electron microscopy, BET, atomic force microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and zeta potential. The rounded and shaped as like spherical nanoparticles were found for G-Fe/Cu‑NPs with the size ranged 32-59 nm and the surface area was 4.452 m2/g. Then the resultant nanoparticles were utilized as a Fenton-like oxidation catalyst. The degradation efficiency of
... Show MoreThis research has come out with that, function-based responsibility accounting system has harmful side – effects preventing it of achieving its controlling objective, that is, goal congruence, which are due to its un integrated measures, its focus on measuring measurable behaviors while neglecting behaviors that are hardly measured, and its dependence on standard operating procedures.
In addition, the system hypotheses and measures are designed to fit previous business environment, not the current environment.
The research has also concluded that the suggestive model, that is, activity-based responsibility accounting is designed to get ride of harmful side – effects of functi
... Show MoreThis aim of this study is to assess the Tigris River sediments and utilize them as a new abrasive for the preparation of polished surface of magnetite ore to be studied under reflected light ore microscope. Such polishing process was tested using 250, 125, 71, 45, 25 and 18μm grain sizes of the river sediments. For the completion of the polishing and to obtain a glossy perfect polished surface, the 7 and 2.5 μm sized standard diamond pastes were used. After each polishing stage, the reflectance and roughness of these surfaces were measured as an evaluation step for the polishing efficiency. The reflectance values (R%) of the magnetite surface were found to be reversely proportioned to the abrasive grain size; while the surface roughnes
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