Anthropogenic activities cause soil pollution with different serious pollutants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) compounds. This study assessed the contamination of PAHs in soil samples collected from 30 sites divided into eight groups (residential areas, oil areas, agricultural areas, roads, petrol stations, power plants, public parks and electrical generators) in Basrah city-Iraq during 2019-2020. The soil characteristics including (moisture, pH, EC and TOC) were measured. Results showed the following ranges (soil moisture (0.03-0.18%),pH (6.90-8.16), EC (2.48-104.80) mS/cm and TOC (9.90-20.50%)). Gas Chromatography (GC) was used to measure PAHs in extracted soil samples. The total PAH range (499.96 - 5864.86) ng/g dry weight (DW). The most dominant percentage of PAHs in (residential areas, oil areas, agricultural areas, roads, petrol stations, power plants, public parks and electrical generators) in dry season were (BghiP 36% , Chy 29% ,BkF 26% , BaP 18% ,BghiP 27% , InP 40% , BbF 19% and BbF 12%) respectively, while in wet season the most dominant PAHs were (Pyr 22% , BbF 16%, BkF 32% , BbF 36% , BkF 38% , Pyr 26% , BbF 43% and Pyr 35%) respectively. According to some calculated ratios, the sources of PAHs in Basrah soil were mixed between petrogenic and pyrogenic origins. The soil is classified from weakly to heavily contaminated with PAHs.
Non Uniform Illumination biological image often leads to diminish structures and inhomogeneous intensities of the image. Algorithm has been proposed using Morphological Operations different types of structuring elements including (dick, line, square and ball) with the same parameters of (15).To correct the non-uniform illumination and enhancement biological images, the non-uniform background illumination have been removed from image, using (contrast adjustment, histogram equalization and adaptive histogram equalization). The used basic approach to extract the statistical features values from gray level of co-occurrence matrices (GLCM) can show the typical values for features content of biological images that can be in form of shape or sp
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A research study in which a methodology for quality indicators that can be adopted to evaluate the educational process in educational institutions within a specific strategy helps individuals in charge of educational education to make appropriate decisions based on accurate and properly approved plans to achieve successful outcomes.
These indicators can be used to judge the quality of educational institutions in order to improve, improve and develop them. This study has concluded the necessity of putting quality into actual application in order to benefit from it in evaluating the future action of Iraqi educational institutions.
The external changes brought about by technology and family life have made the
... Show MoreIn this paper, an intelligent tracking control system of both single- and double-axis Piezoelectric Micropositioner stage is designed using Genetic Algorithms (GAs) method for the optimal Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller tuning parameters. The (GA)-based PID control design approach is a methodology to tune a (PID) controller in an optimal control sense with respect to specified objective function. By using the (GA)-based PID control approach, the high-performance trajectory tracking responses of the Piezoelectric Micropositioner stage can be obtained. The (GA) code was built and the simulation results were obtained using MATLAB environment. The Piezoelectric Micropositioner simulation model with th
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I wanted to address this topic because of creedal purposes importance,and its r le in regulating lives of individuals and society, and to talk about purposes of Almighty's saying:{It is easy for me},to simplify its meanings for general educated person to obtain the believe of the Creator’s power and his oneness.
Therefore,this research came,whichincludes:an introduction and topics, first :concept of creedal objectives and their divisions,second: creedal purposes in Almighty’s saying:{It is easy for me},and conclusion:in where most important results were included:
... Show MoreOur aim in this work is to study the classical continuous boundary control vector problem for triple nonlinear partial differential equations of elliptic type involving a Neumann boundary control. At first, we prove that the triple nonlinear partial differential equations of elliptic type with a given classical continuous boundary control vector have a unique "state" solution vector, by using the Minty-Browder Theorem. In addition, we prove the existence of a classical continuous boundary optimal control vector ruled by the triple nonlinear partial differential equations of elliptic type with equality and inequality constraints. We study the existence of the unique solution for the triple adjoint equations
... Show MoreThe aim of this research is to prove the idea of maximum mX-N-open set, m-N-extremally disconnected with respect to t and provide some definitions by utilizing the idea of mX-N-open sets. Some properties of these sets are studied.
In this work, the classical continuous mixed optimal control vector (CCMOPCV) problem of couple nonlinear partial differential equations of parabolic (CNLPPDEs) type with state constraints (STCO) is studied. The existence and uniqueness theorem (EXUNTh) of the state vector solution (SVES) of the CNLPPDEs for a given CCMCV is demonstrated via the method of Galerkin (MGA). The EXUNTh of the CCMOPCV ruled with the CNLPPDEs is proved. The Frechet derivative (FÉDE) is obtained. Finally, both the necessary and the sufficient theorem conditions for optimality (NOPC and SOPC) of the CCMOPCV with state constraints (STCOs) are proved through using the Kuhn-Tucker-Lagrange (KUTULA) multipliers theorem (KUTULATH).
In this work the radioactive wastes in the Old Russian
Cemetery Al -Tuwaitha site were classified according to risks for
workers who are involved in the retrieval process. The exposure
assessment results expressed as estimates of radionuclide intakes by
inhalation and ingestion, exposure rates and duration for external
exposure pathways, and committed effective dose equivalents to
individuals from all relevant radionuclides and pathways. Results
showed the presence of natural radionuclides Ra-226, Th-234 and K-
40, as well as the produced radionuclide Cs-137 and Eu-152 in the
cemetery wells. The absorbed doses from the waste were classified to
two categories; exempt waste and low level waste according to