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The Role of Serum Chitinase-3-Like 1 Protein (YKL-40) Level and its Correlation with Proinflammatory Cytokine in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
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Chitinase-3-like 1 protein (YKL-40) is a glycoprotein primarily produced in the arthritic joint and plays a crucial role in inflammatory processes. The aim of the study is to establish the role of YKL-40 as a biomarker for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared to proinflammatory biomarkers and disease activity. The study included 58 patients and 18 control. Diseases activity score (DAS-28) and clinical disease activity index (CDAI) were measured. Serum level of YKL-40, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1B (IL-1β), erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR), rheumatoid factor (RF), C-reactive protein (CRP), and anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) were assessed. The results showed that the median serum YKL-40 level which was 5.42  ng/ml, the TNF-a level which was 123.6 ng/ml, and the IL-1B level which was 204.365 pg/dl were significantly higher in patients compared to control 3.28 (1.58–4.99) ng/ml, 56.47 (9.38–77.01) ng/ml and 67.887 (15.493–122.689)pg/dl respectively. There was no correlation between serum YKL-40 and disease activity, while there were significant associations observed with TNF-α (r=0.5,p =0.0001) and IL-1β (r=0.41, p=0.001). YKL-40 indicating good levels of RA prediction at 2.47 ng/ml, sensitivity 87.9%, specificity 58.6%, accuracy 78.1%, PPV 80.9%, and NPV 70.8%. In conclusion, a higher level of serum YKL-40 is found in RA patients. The findings from our study suggest a strong association between YKL-40 and the proinflammatory biomarkers. As a result, these biomarkers together might play a role in RA pathogenesis, and YKL-40 may be used as a potential diagnostic biomarker for RA.

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Publication Date
Sun Nov 19 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Laser
Effects of Diode Laser 940 nm with and without 5 % Sodium Fluoride White Varnish with Tri-calcium Phosphate on Dentin Permeability (In vitro study)
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It is found that hypersensitive teeth have a larger number and wider patent tubules than those of non-sensitive teeth. Objective: The aim of this study is to compare between the effects of diode laser at different power densities, with and without sodium fluoride on the sealing of exposed dentinal tubules and dentin permeability. Materials and methods: 118 teeth were used. Samples were divided into three major groups. The first consisted of 100 teeth used for permeability test. The second consisted of 16 teeth for measuring external surface temperature elevation while irradiation. The third, in turn, consisted of one pair of teeth observed under SEM for dentine surface morphology analysis. Results: For dentin permeability measurement, th

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 14 2022
Journal Name
Vi.international Scientific Congress Of Pure,applied And Technological Sciences Vi.uluslararası Fen,uygulamalı Ve Teknolojik Araştırmalarkongresi
THE EFFECT OF IRRIGATION INTERVAL AND SPRAYING WITH NANOFERTILIZER ON THE FLOWERING LIFE OF TOMATO PLANTS
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This experiment was carried out in one of the fields (A) affiliated to the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences / University of Baghdad, for the spring season 2021, On hybrid tomato plants (Mayai Mayai) to test flower viability, using two factors, the first was three levels of irrigation interval (2, 4, 6) days, and the second factor three concentrations of compound Nano fertilizer with concentrations (0, 1.5, 2.5) gm liter-1, so that the number of treatments is 9 treatments and three replications, the number of experimental units is 27 experimental units distributed randomly according to the random drawing method to ensure reducing experimental error and obtaining the most accurate results. A factorial experiment 3 x 3 x 3 was carr

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 15 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
The aesthetics of abstract expressionism and its representations in the artistic productions of the students of the Department of Art Education
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The research section tagged (Aesthetics of Abstract Expressionism and its Representations in the Artistic Products of Students of the Department of Art Education) into four chapters and it included in..
The first chapter: (the methodological framework) for the research, and the research problem is summarized through the question (what are the aesthetics of abstract expressionism and its representations in the artistic productions of the students of the Department of Art Education). In the products of students of the Department of Art Education).
The aim of the research was (discovering the aesthetics of abstract expressionism and its representations in the artistic products of the students of the Department of Art Education). As we

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 31 2020
Journal Name
Association Of Arab Universities Journal Of Engineering Sciences
Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of a Mono PV Cell with Five Parameters, Simulation Model Compatible with Iraqi Climate
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The present work included study of the effects of weather conditions such as solar radiation and  ambient temperature on solar panels (monocrystalline 30 Watts) via proposed mathematical model, MATLAB_Simulation was used by scripts file to create a special code to solve the mathematical model , The latter is single –diode model (Five parameter) ,Where the effect of ambient temperature and solar radiation on the output of the solar panel was studied, the Newton Raphson method was used to find the  output current of the solar panel and plot P-V ,I-V curves, the performance of the PV was determined at Standard Test Condition (STC) (1000W/m2)and a comparison between theoretical and experimental results were done .The best efficiency

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 31 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Electronic payment methods used for salary resettlement and its impact on improving the mental image of customers: an applied study of the opinions of a sample of (private) commercial banks 'customers contracting with the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research to localize employees' salaries
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The research seeks to identify the contemporary events that face the use of electronic payment methods to localize the salaries of state employees and its impact in enhancing the mental image of customers, and to achieve this purpose from the fact that a questionnaire was designed and distributed to an optional sample of (31) individual customers (employees) dealing With the researched private banks, it has been analyzed and reached a number of conclusions and recommendations, the most prominent of which is the lack of modernity of electronic payment methods by customers, which is reflected in the mental image of customers and the achievement of their satisfaction, in the Emiratization project for salaries needs an advanced leade

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 30 2023
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
The Ameliorating Effect of Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera) Extract on Hippocampus and Growth Plate Changes Associated With Propylthiouracil Induced Hypothyroidism in Juvenile Rats : Ashwagandha on Hippocampus and Growth Plate Changes Associated With hypothyroid rats
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Background: Hypothyroidism is a decrease in the production of the thyroid hormones and leads to gland dysfunction. Ashwagandha extract was used as an ayurvedic treatment and supposed to be as antihypothyroidism agent.

Objectives: to investigate the impact of ashwagandha (Ash) extract on propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroidism in rats.

Subjects and Methods: The rats were divided into three groups, control group, PTU (hypothyroid) group (6mg/kg/day by oral route), PTU (6mg/kg/day by oral route) +Ash (50mg/kg/day by oral route) treated group. All treatment continued for

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 05 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Concept of Value in De Saussair Linguistics and their Extension in the Book (Arabic Language, Its Meaning and Structure) by Tammam Hassan
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This research was distributed into two sections, the first section was concerned with the concept of value for De Saussair and its methodological impact on his linguistic structural conceptions with respect of the distinction between synchronism and diachronism, the value role of linking function between the sounds and the though, the basing of his theoretical conception on the language being a form and not a material according to this principle and the value impact on the demonstration that the linguistic element acquires its functional importance from the relations inside the language system. It also stopped at the methodological impact of value on defining the analytical linguistic unit and the value role in semantics through the prin

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Stock Exchange and its Impact on Economic Development In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)
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this research paper aims at measuring and analyzing the influence of the stock exchange on the economic development in the Kingdom. This is done through comparing the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as a changeable factor affiliated with some independent variables in the KSA stock exchange. These variables are (All Share Index {TASI}, Market Value, Trade Volume Index, number of companies and number of shares). The study covers the period from 2003 to 2017 and adapts the measuring method in analyzing this relation using the Multiple Linear Regression (Stepwise) and (SPSS). The study affirmed the validity of the

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
Terrorism and its impact on the right of Human in development - A study case of ISIS (Daesh) in Iraq
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       Iraq is one of the most important countries in the world that has received its share of terrorist acts by the terrorist organization the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS), which has caused instability, especially during the period of ISIS's control of seven Iraqi provinces (2014-2017). This stage has caused a decline in the levels of human and economic development and its inconsistency with the capabilities and needs of the Iraqi population. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the hypothesis that there is a close relationship between the decline in development in Iraq and the brutal practices of ISIS that it committed during his period of control over many Iraqi cities and regions. This study used several method

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 29 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Environmental Education and her role to protect an Environment
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Environmental education is considered as process of getting Humans in communication with this environment and all its various resources. such process requires acquiring knowledge about the environment that com help humans understand their correlative relations with the environmental elements on one hand and among the environmental elements themselves on the other . Besides, such a process requires developing human skills that help them participate in developing environmental circumstances. Therefore environmental education is responsible for perspective and cultural development that governs human behavior. Regarding their environment and stimulating tendencies and interests towards the environment , let alone helping humans acquire the c

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