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Absorption and Fluorescence Properties of 3,6-bis(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-2,5-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-2,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione. A Covalent Fluorescence in Solution and in the Solid State
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In the cuurent article, the photophysical properties of 3,6-bis(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-2,5-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-2,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione were investigated. The visible absorption bands at 527, 558 and 362 nm in propylene carbonate and the compound was found to be fluorescent in solution and in the plastic film with emission wavelengths between 550- 750 nm. The Stokes Shift of P.C., acetonitrile, diethyl ether, Tetrahydrofuran THF, cyclohexane, dibutyl ether, and dichloromethane DCM  are 734, 836, 668, 601, 601, 719, and 804 cm-1 in respectively. The Stokes Shift Δ was less in THF and cyclohexane, than the solvents, which indicates that the energy loss is less between the excitation and fluorescence states. The photophysical characterizations were carried out on the compound in different solvents, the compound displays 12 nm red-shift in the absorption maximum in toluene compared with in propylene carbonate P.C, which the λmax was 558 nm in P.C. The compound displays 5 and 10 red-shifts in the absorption maximum in diethyl ether and dibutyl ether respectively. The absorption band is almost insensitive to the polarity of the solvent, showing only a slight red shift from 563 nm in diethyl ether to 569 nm in cyclohexane  and also red shift from 558 nm in acetonitrile to 570 nm in toluene , which appreciably red-shifted depending on the polarity of the solvent. The emission maxima of the dye slightly shift more red region, such as DCM and toluene when compared this compound in other solvents. The dye showed a slight red shift ca. 5 nm on moving from the acetonitrile to the less polar solvent, such as dichloromethane DCM.

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 15 2024
Journal Name
جامعة بغداد
مختبر. فطريات 3
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Publication Date
Tue Mar 28 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Preparation and Evaluation of Liquid and Solid Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System of Mebendazole
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The aim of present study was to develop solid and liquid  self-microemulsifying drug  delivery system of poorly water soluble drug mebendazole using Aerosil 200 as solid carrier.  Microemulsions are clear, stable, isotropic liquid mixtures of oil, water and surfactant, frequently in combination with a co-surfactant having droplet size range usually in the range of 20-250 nm. Oleic acid, tween 80 and polypropylene glycol were selected as oil, surfactant and co-surfactant respectively and for preparation of stable SMEDDS, micro emulsion region was identified by constructing pseudo ternary phase diagram containing different proportion of surfactant: co-surfactant (1:1, 2:1 and 3:1), oil and water. In brief S/ CoS mix means su

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 15 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Solubility and Dissolution Enhancement of Ebastine by Surface Solid Dispersion Technique
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Ebastine (EBS) is a non-sedating antihistamine with a long duration of action. This drug has predominantly hydrophobic property causing a low solubility and low bioavailability. Surface solid dispersions (SSD) is an effective technique for improving the solubility and dissolution rate of poorly soluble drugs by using hydrophilic water insoluble carriers.

The present study aims to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of EBS by using surface solid dispersion technique. Avicel® PH101, Avicel® PH 102, croscarmellose sodium(CCS) and sodium starch glycolate(SSG) were used as water insoluble hydrophilic carriers.

The SSD formulations of EBS were prepared by the solvent evaporation method in different drug:  carrier

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 29 2025
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Solubility and Dissolution Rate Enhancement of Bilastine by Solid Dispersion Technique
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Bilastine (BLS) is non-sedating new-brand H1 antihistamine that has selective peripheral effects, the drug has a problem of an insufficient aqueous solubility and accordingly low dissolution rate, and low bioavailability. Solid dispersion (SD) is one of the most effective techniques for improving the solubility and the dissolution rate of poorly soluble drugs by the dispersion of drug within an inert hydrophilic carrier.   The aim of this study is to increase the solubility and dissolution rate of the BLS using SD technique. Twenty-nine BLS SD formulas were prepared using different carrier polymers include Pluronic 407 (Poloxamer407), Poloxamer188, Urea, Polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000) and Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30) and em

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
Research Journal Of Pharmacy And Technology
Evaluation of Hesperidin Protective Effect on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and lipid Peroxidation in BALB/C Mail Mice
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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
Research Journal Of Pharmacy And Technology
Evaluation of Hesperidin Protective Effect on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and Lipid Peroxidation in BALB/c male mice
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Publication Date
Wed Dec 13 2017
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Experimental Investigations Performance for (VCC) Using 2-Way (PFCV) Type (2FRE)
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In modern hydraulic control systems, the trend in hydraulic power applications is to improve efficiency and performance. “Proportional valve” is generally applied to pressure, flow and directional-control valves which continuously convert a variable input signal into a smooth and proportional hydraulic output signal. It creates a variable resistance (orifice) upstream and downstream of a hydraulic actuator, and is meter in/meter out circuit and hence pressure drop, and power losses are inevitable. If velocity (position) feedback is used, flow pattern control is possible. Without aforementioned flow pattern, control is very “loose” and relies on “visual” feed back by the operator. At this point, we should examine how this valv

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Proceeding Of The 1st International Conference On Advanced Research In Pure And Applied Science (icarpas2021): Third Annual Conference Of Al-muthanna University/college Of Science
Efficient approach for solving high order (2+1)D-differential equation
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Publication Date
Tue Aug 01 2023
Journal Name
Proceedings Of International Structural Engineering And Construction
COLORED ROOFS: A SOLUTION TO MITIGATION UHI AND REDUCING URBAN SURFACE HEATING
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The city is a built-up urban space and multifunctional structures that ensure safety, health and the best shelter for humans. All its built structures had various urban roofs influenced by different climate circumstances. That creates peculiarities and changes within the urban local climate and an increase in the impact of urban heat islands (UHI) with wastage of energy. The research question is less information dealing with the renovation of existing urban roofs using color as a strategy to mitigate the impact of UHI. In order to achieve local urban sustainability; the research focused on solutions using different materials and treatments to reduce urban surface heating emissions. The results showed that the new and old technologies, produ

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Publication Date
Fri May 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
A Study of the Hydrodynamics Behavior of Cylindrical Gas-Solid Fluidized Beds for pharmaceutical material “Paracetamol “
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The hydrodynamics behavior of gas - solid fluidized beds is complex and it should be analyzed  and understood due to its importance in the design and operating of the units. The effect of column inside diameter and static bed height on the minimum fluidization velocity, minimum bubbling velocity, fluidization index, minimum slugging velocity and slug index have been studied experimentally and theoretically for three cylindrical columns of 0.0762, 0.15 and 0.18 m inside diameters  and 0.05, 0.07 and 0.09 m static bed heights .The experimental results showed that the minimum fluidization and bubbling velocities had a direct relation with column diameter and static bed height .The minimum slugging velocity had an

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