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Using Pomegranate Peel Extract to Change the Adverse Effect of Ethephon by Enhancing its Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, and Anti-apoptotic Effects in Rats
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Organophosphorus insecticide and growth regulator namely Ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) are widely used as a ripening process accelerator and a cultivation duration inhibitor. Pomegranate extract (PPE) has recently been taken into consideration due to its pharmacological effects especially those associated with renal diseases. Thus, this study aims to investigate the possible protective effect of PPE against ethephon-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. In this study four groups of adult male rats were divided into control group, PPE 400 mg/kg group, Ethephon 250 mg/kg group, and finally, PPE + Ethephon group (treated with the same dose of PPE group and Ethephon group). In the current study, kidney function parameters (KIM-1, creatinine, and urea) along with oxidative stress markers, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2), glutathione (GSH) and its correlated enzymes, nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT) were estimated. Additionally, mediators of renal inflammation: interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) were measured. Apoptotic biomarkers (Bax, caspase 3, and Bcl2) in addition to renal histopathological data were also investigated. Results revealed that Ethephon elicited a significant increase in oxidation markers and reduced antioxidant levels, accompanied by oxidative renal tissue injury. Consequently, administration of Ethephon was reported to provoke secretion of the pro-inflammatory mediators. Moreover, histopathological results showed that deformities in the renal tissues were noticed which is attributed to Ethephon exposure. Interestingly, co-administration of PPE and Ethephon resulted in significantly ameliorated the biochemical and histopathological alterations produced by Ethephon. Current results propose the potential effect of PPE in the protection of renal tissue from Ethephon induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2023
Journal Name
City And Environment Interactions
Towards local sustainability: A case study to evaluate outdoor urban spaces in Baghdad using physiological equivalent temperature index
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Publication Date
Wed Jul 13 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Health Sciences
Study of the reliability of serum vascular endothelial growth factor and its soluble receptor as markers of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes patients
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The levels of circulating angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors, namely vascular endothelial growth factor–A (VEGF-A) and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (sVEGFR-1), have been linked to the development of renal dysfunction due to the proliferation of microvasculature within the kidneys of type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients. The study aims to scrutinize serum levels of VEGF and sVEGFR-1 in a sample of Iraqi diabetic nephropathy patients to support their reliability as markers for the prediction of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients as well as to assess the ACE inhibitor’s effect on the levels of these two markers. Method: The ninety participants of this case-control study were split into three gr

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 30 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Developing Tenth Grade Female Students' Attitudes in Critical Reading Skills Using the Reflective Thinking Method in the Sultanate of Oman
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        This study aimed to developing the skills of critical reading for the tenth basic school female students through a training program using the reflective thinking method. The study sample consisted of (64) students. To achieve the objective of the study, the researcher uses the quasi-experiment approach consisting of a control group (32 students) and an experimental group (32 students). The researcher used three research inventories as follows: 1) A list of critical reading skills included (30) skills within three aspects (Recognition – Deduction – Evaluation and Judgment). 2) An executive program using reflective thinking for developing critical reading skills. 3) Achievement test to measure

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 15 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
Parametric design tools and how to take advantage of it in 3D sculptural design
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The design was distinguished in Late Twenty-First Century With new and new methods Through which the ability to adapt all technical media in the formation of two-dimensional and three-dimensional figures and shapes was achieved .
Which led to the emergence of endless sets of design ideas characterized by the heterogeneity of design forms and design solutions that preceded it. The designer could not access these creations in various architectural and artistic fields only through computer programs, especially those related to the activation of mathematical logic and what is known as algorithms in the formation and construction of the form, which led to the emergence of the "parametric direction" and the problem of research is summarized

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 01 2018
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Addressing the Palestinian Cause by Talk shows of Russia Today and Alhurra June 2014- May 2015
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The purpose of this analytical study is to showcase how Russia Today and U.S Alhurra channels addressed the Palestinian Cause between the periods of mid-2014 and mid-2015. In addition, the study aims to highlight the “significance levels” of the Palestinian Cause in both channels.
The study is based on a rigorous survey methodology adopted by the researcher and based on the content analysis of Russia Today’s “Panorama” talk show and Alhurra’s “Free Hour show”.
First level examination included the content analysis of 398 talk show episodes broadcasted by both channels during the period through which the study was conducted.
Second level examination featured a detailed analysis of 38 episodes covering Palestinian A

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 25 2024
Journal Name
الذكوات البيض
Artificial Intelligence and its Impact on Education and Media
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Abstract Objectives: This research seeks to highlight one of the important topics artificial intelligence and its impact on education and media. This issue has received considerable attention from international institutions and organizations in order to keep pace with the world's current progress. The study provided an overview of the concept of artificial intelligence, its definitions, its importance and characteristics and its impact on education in general and on the student and teacher in particular, as well as linking the subject of education to the media because social media that is one of the media has a great impact on the academic community. Methods: This study relied on the analytical descriptive curriculum where one of the curr

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 01 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad College Of Economic Sciences University Journal (bcesuj)
The effect of international auditing standards in limiting financial violations in government service
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The aim of the research is to show the importance of international auditing standards and the effect of this in reducing the incidence of financial irregularities in government service units and how to address them. The research adopted the descriptive, analytical and inductive approaches. In the analytical approach, a questionnaire model was designed and distributed to internal auditors in some of the subordinate government units. For the Ministry of Health, appropriate statistical methods were used that showed the extent of the general understanding of the internal auditor’s relationship with international standards and the impact of this on preserving public money and the role of the internal auditor in detecting financial irregulariti

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 27 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
دور سهولة الوصول في تعزيز ابعاد التنمية الحضرية شارع الرشيد حالة دراسية
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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2017
Journal Name
مجلة الدنانير
تعزيز الممارسات الفردية والجماعية لتحقيق متطلبات راس المال المعرفي في جامعة بغداد
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Publication Date
Sat Sep 28 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
The Effect of Special Exercises According to Specific Areas device On Learning low forehand reverse Of Squash Players Aged 13-15 years old
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The research aims to prepare special exercises according to specific areas in the accuracy of performing the reverse low blow for squash players, and to identify the effect of special exercises according to specific areas in the accuracy of performing the reverse low blow for squash players. To achieve the goal, the researchers used the experimental method by designing the experimental and control groups with pre- and post-tests to suit it with the research problem. The research population was chosen intentionally, and they are junior squash players aged (13-15) years, who number (12 junior players), as the research sample constituted (100%). ) From the research community, they were chosen intentionally because there were no other p

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