Poisoning with toxic substances accidently or deliberately can be life threatening and especially in some countries that lack the essential tests and facilities to identify the types and causes of these toxic substances. In Iraq, as many other countries, poisoning is one of the chronic public health problems. However, very little literature about the pattern of poisoning cases, types and age is available in Duhok Governorate. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the most common patterns of poisoning and the related age and gender in Duhok Governorate from 2016-2018, which would possibly contribute to the early diagnosis and treatment of poisoning. The present study was conducted for three years, started from 1st of January 2016 until31st of December 2018. Data were collected from Duhok General Directorate of Health database, based on the data collected from all Duhok Governorate hospitals and health care centers concerning poisoning types, patient’s age and gender. Descriptive statistic was used to analyze the data including (frequency, mean and percentage). A total of 27831 poisoned patients admitted to Duhok city and their districts health centers. Thirteen separated pattern cases of poisoning were recorded. The most common pattern of poisoning cases was food poisoning (61%) in 2016, (75%) in 2017, and dropped to 48% in 2018. In addition to other types of poisoning such as (herbals, sagwa, allergies, metals, organophosphate, rat poising and others) (11.7% in 2016, 4.8% in 2017 and 19.7% in 2018) and scorpion bites (5% in 2016, 5.7% in 2017 and 11.5% in 2018). Poisoning by drugs was the highest in 2018 (667 cases 9.6%) compared to 2017 (574 cases 5.7%) and 2016 (476 cases 4.3%). All other poisoning pattern (insect bite, soaps and other detergents, snake bits, animal’s bits and insecticide) were about or less than 1%. No recorded cases were poisoned by illegal addictive drugs during the period of study. Out of 27831 cases of poisoning, females were much prone to be poisoned than males during the three years 2018, 2017 and 2016. Females were affected by food poisoning (80%) as compared to male (70%). The age between 15-48 years old composed about 43.8% of the total cases, which is the highest % ration among other age groups. In Duhok Governorate, patterns of poisoning in the present study were the first to be documented. The study concludes that the majority of victims were female and food poisons were the most common type. It also seems that less effort is taken from the Committee of Health and Safety Issues. Our study suggests that establishment of specialist poison health centers, and raising awareness among people help effectively to resolve this public problem.
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of environmental pH on production of biofilms and virulence genes expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Among 303 clinical and environmental samples 109 (61 + 48) isolates were identified as clinical and environmental P. aeruginosa isolates, respectively. Clinical samples were obtained from patients in the Al-Yarmouk hospital in Baghdad city, Iraq. Waste water from Al-Yarmouk hospital was used from site before treatment unit to collect environmental samples. The ability of prod
In this paper, the dynamic behaviour of the stage-structure prey-predator fractional-order derivative system is considered and discussed. In this model, the Crowley–Martin functional response describes the interaction between mature preys with a predator. e existence, uniqueness, non-negativity, and the boundedness of solutions are proved. All possible equilibrium points of this system are investigated. e sucient conditions of local stability of equilibrium points for the considered system are determined. Finally, numerical simulation results are carried out to conrm the theoretical results.
New Fe(II),Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II) and Zn(II) Schiff base complexes which have the molar ratio 2:1 metal to ligand of the general formula [M2( L) X4] (where L=bis(2-methyl furfuraldene)-4-4`-methylene bis(cyclo-hexylamine) ) were prepared by the reaction of the metal salts with the ligand of Schiff base derived from the condensation of 2:1 molar ratio of 2-acetyl furan and 4-4`-methylene bis (cyclohexylamine). The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis using atomic absorption spectrophotometer ,molar conductance measurements, infrared, electronic spectra,and magnetic susceptibility measurement. These studies revealed binuclear omplexes. The metal(II) ion in these complexes have four coordination sites giving the most ex
... Show MoreThis paper includes the synthesis of some new nucleoside analogues starting with 2-substituted benzimidazole derivative (7-9), that synthesized by condensation of O-phenylenediamine with p-chloro benzaldehyde and two substituted benzoic acid , which on nucleophilic substitution with propargyl bromide gave a new N-substituted compounds (10-12). D-Fructose and D-galactose were chosen as a sugar moiety which were protected, brominated and azotated to give azido sugars (5) and (6), then they were subjected to 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction with N-substuted compounds afforded bloked nucleoside analoges (13-16), which after hydrolysis gave our target the free nucleoside analogues (17-20). All prepared compounds were identified by FT-IR
... Show MoreThis paper develops the work of Mary Florence et.al. on centralizer of semiprime semirings and presents reverse centralizer of semirings with several propositions and lemmas. Also introduces the notion of dependent element and free actions on semirings with some results of free action of centralizer and reverse centralizer on semiprime semirings and some another mappings.
The current research seeks to identify mono-multi Vision and its relation to the psychological rebellion and personality traits of university students. To achieve this aim, the researcher has followed all the procedures of the descriptive correlational approach, as it is the closest approach to the objectives of the current research. The researcher has determined his research community for Baghdad University students for the academic year 2019-2020. As for the research sample, it was chosen by the random stratified method with a sample of (500) male and female students. In order to collect data from the research sample, the researcher adopted a mono-multi-dimensional scale
(Othman, 2007), the researcher designed a psychological r
... Show More4-((2-hydroxy-3,5-dinitrophenyl)diazenyl)-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-one was produced through the reaction of diazonium salt from 4-amino antipyrine with 2,4-dinitrophenol. This ligand is examined by (UV-Vis, FTIR,1H,13CNMR, and LC-Mass) spectral techniques and micro elemental analysis (C.H.N.O). Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) complexes were also performed and depicted. Metal chelates were distinguished by utilizing flame atomic absorption, infrared analysis, and elemental, visible, as well as ultraviolet spectroscopy, in addition to conductivity and magnetic quantification. Methods of mole ratio and continuous contrast have been studied to determine the nature of the compounds. Beer's law was followed throughout a co
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