Celery (Apium graveolens L. ; family : Apiaceae) was often used as a spice in daily food. However, this plant contains many antioxidant compounds useful for attenuating neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson's disease. Planting celery in the form of microgreens harvested 15 days was expected to increase the content of bioactive compounds. In the current study, we intended to evaluate the neuromodulatory potential of methanol extract of celery microgreens on fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster Meigen : family Drosophilidae ; ordo : Diptera) which were exposed to paraquat. Neuroprotective capacity was assessed by survival rate, locomotor performance, lipid peroxidation and dopamine content after being treated with 120 µg/mL extract of celery microgreens and 3.5 mM paraquat for 4 days. Phytochemical constituents from extract of celery microgreens were measured including total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity using the radicals scavenging method. Exposure of adult fruit flies to paraquat will cause a decrease in the survival and locomotor phenotype improved by extract of celery microgreens treatment. In parallel, increased malondialdehyde content from lipid peroxidation and decreased dopamine content can be improved by the presence of celery microgreens extract. Neuroprotective capacities indicate a high content of antioxidant compounds of celery microgreens extract. Our study concludes that celery microgreens exhibited to retard the effect of oxidative stress that causes Parkinson's disease.
ABSTRACT:
Interest rates are one of the important aspects that affect the banking business directly, which is characterized by unstable dynamic dynamics, which must be viewed on a daily and continuous basis through the macroeconomic view, which directly affects the bank’s income realized from loans as interest received or interest paid on its deposits as an expense. Hence the earnings per share. The relationship between interest rates and between net income and earnings per share was measured and a correlation was found between them, and then the effect between them was measured using regression equations and they were applied and th
... Show MoreThis research has investigated the effect of the customer knowledge management CKM in sustainable promotion SP. The research conducted a quantitative method on a sample of employees in the Al-Furat State Company for Chemical Industries affiliated / the Ministry of Industry and Minerals in Iraq. The research’s problem presented a set of questions, one of the most important was (is there a relation and impact between the dimensions of customer knowledge management and sustainable promotion). The aim of the research is to identify the extent to which customer knowledge management activities are applied in understudy organization. This research adopted the questionnaire as a main instrument to collect information from (140) participants in
... Show MoreThe research paper aims to highlight the impact of electronic governance in improving the quality of auditing through accounting disclosure and how to make use out of it in resolving many of the problems by economic units in general and in particular the financial problems in particular. It focuses on the most important financial information of the loss of confidence and credibility in the financial information of the economic units, This study has been carried out through the use and application of many of the principles and rules contained in the electronic governance, The most important Which is the accounting disclosure, and hence the dimensions of accounting for electronic governance through the achievement of ac
... Show MoreThis study was conducted to describe a protocol for the callus establishing culture of Lavandula angustifolia plant and estimating their content of volatile oil. The quantity of volatile oil callus tissues was compared with that of leaves production. Callus was induced from leaf explants on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and Benzyl adenine (BA) in different concentrations. Maximum callus fresh weight was obtained in the combination of 10 mg/L BA and 3 mg/L NAA which reached 18 g after four weeks. The results of this work showed that the quantity of volatile oil from the highest fresh weight callus was 6 ml compared with quantity of 18g of leaves which gave 0.5 ml. Volatile o
... Show MoreG. tuberculosa is a newly recorded species from the Caryophyllaceae family for Iraqi flora, collected from the Arbil district from May to August. Morphological descriptions with macro and micro features illustrated with plates and dimensions, the species is related to G. pallida and distinguished from calyx properties, especially the presence of large prominent druses crystals. Keywords: Caryophyllaceae, Gypsophila, Iraq, New record, pallida.
Pollen morphology of 4 species (A. aucheri , A. auriculata, A. caucasica, A. nova) belonging to the genus Arabis L. in Iraq was examined by light microscope and scanning electron microscope to determine the significance of pollen features as a taxonomic characters. The results showed pollen grains of the species were monades, homopolar, tricolpate, and with medium size, but the species varied in shapes (polar and equatorial view), colpus length and width, exine thickness and exine ornamentation. Pollen colors were brown convert to brownish yellow.
Potentiostatic polarization and weight loss methods have been used to investigate the corrosion behavior of carbon steel in sodium chloride solution at different concentrations (0.1, 0.4 and 0.6) M under the influence of temperatures ( 293, 298, 303, 308 and 313) K. The inhibition efficiency of the amoxicillin drug on carbon steel in 0.6 M NaCl has also been studied based on concentration and temperature. The corrosion rate showed that all salt concentrations ( NaCl solution) resulted in corrosion of carbon steel in varying ratio and 0.6 M of salt solution was the highest rate (50.46 g/m².d). The results also indicate that the rate of corrosion increases at a temperature of 313 K.. Potentiodynamic polarization studi
... Show MoreWhen the guard honey bees, Apis mellifera L., form a clump at the hive entrance or on the flight board, the oriental hornet, Vespa orientails L., either creeps toward the clump or hovers over it in order to take a bee. Once the hornet creeps, only few bees facing the hornet become alert, rock their heads and antennae, open their wings, and take a posture of defense. The rest of the clump stays listless without any signal of concern. However, the clump stays dense and the defending bees do not detach themselves neither from the rest of the clump nor from each other. For this reason, it is very difficult for the hornet to grab a bee unless the latter makes a “mistake” by detaching herself from other adjacent bees. If the hornet grabs s
... Show MoreThere is a set of economic factors that affect the rationalization of decisions on unexploited resources within the economic unit and here determines the problem of the search for the question of what economic factors cause the emergence of asymmetric costs, and aims to identify these factors in the costs of adjustment to resources, change in The size of the activity of the economic unit, the general trend of sales change in the previous period, and the economic level of the country. Rh measure the impact of these factors on economic unity, and taking into consideration the impact when formulating decisions.