يعد الصراعات الدولية ظاهرةقديمة قدم البشرية وعلى المستوى الدولي وغالبا ما تكون الدول الصغرى هي الساحة لتصفية الصرااعت بين الدول الكبرى كما هو الحال في سوريا مما يؤدي لعدوم وجود امن انساني فيها

Television white spaces (TVWSs) refer to the unused part of the spectrum under the very high frequency (VHF) and ultra-high frequency (UHF) bands. TVWS are frequencies under licenced primary users (PUs) that are not being used and are available for secondary users (SUs). There are several ways of implementing TVWS in communications, one of which is the use of TVWS database (TVWSDB). The primary purpose of TVWSDB is to protect PUs from interference with SUs. There are several geolocation databases available for this purpose. However, it is unclear if those databases have the prediction feature that gives TVWSDB the capability of decreasing the number of inquiries from SUs. With this in mind, the authors present a reinforcement learning-ba

Islam paid great attention to the youth, and took care of them because they
are the strength and movement, which is the preferrence stage in human life,
and they are the ones who

     Each language in the world has its special methods in using articles that connected with nouns. There are languages do not have articles and others their articles from one class, that is to say it do not have masculine and feminine such as our Arabic language. Also in some languages the nouns come after article.

The main aim in our research is to analyze the usage of these articles and its presence or not in the structure of sentence for the learners of Spanish language as a foreign language.

    The usage of these articles in Spanish language forms one of the problems that face students in the grammar of Spanish language, at the same time it stands as a problem in translation becau

The theme of the Abbasid Caliph and their children great interest in the knowledge and effective not only in the history of civilization but in the history of the humanity and the sublime values. Their interest and care for the scholar ulamaa and rendering help and encouragement by their caliphs were keen for science and knowledge because whatever the scholars have a status they cannot give help without and knowledge and the practice of their role in the interest and the care.

The importance of earnings quality begin increase in recent year . Particulary after collapse the big companies in U.S.A When the Stock Prices of this Companies negative impact after reporting of transitory & unrealized earnings in the iterim reports , in the same time took to this earnings as absis of Future Predictions .

Many of acadmic researchers discusses empirical measures that used to assessments of earnings quality from the perspective of decision usefulness that represent core of FASB's conceptual Framework , and to the economic – based definition of earnings , developed by (Hicks) in 1939.

Tise research attempt to test som of earnings quality measures in commercial

This study focused on the various forms of violence that aged people encounter in their late life, the significance of taking measures that enhance not only the welfare for aged people but also the influence of early stage of life and how the old age effects on people experience throughout their live. Further, the importance of raising the awareness among communities to the extent of seriousness of old age in order to teach children the right habits and traditions, which are faded away over time.  The researcher indicated that raising the avenues of collaboration among home members, social organization, and all governmental facilities will support and provide a good treatment for this group of people.

Robot manipulator is a multi-input multi-output system with high complex nonlinear dynamics, requiring an advanced controller in order to track a specific trajectory. In this work, forward and inverse kinematics are presented based on Denavit Hartenberg notation to convert the end effector planned path from cartesian space to joint space and vice versa where a cubic spline interpolation is used for trajectory segments to ensure the continuity in velocity and acceleration.  Also, the derived mathematical dynamic model is based on Eular Lagrange energy method to contain the effect of friction and disturbance torques beside the inertia and Coriolis effect. Two types of controller are applied ; the nonlinear computed torque control (CTC

The study aims to find out the effectiveness of using the Google classroom educational platform in teaching mathematics curricula from the viewpoint of teachers in the Governorate of Al Dhahirah, Sultanate of Oman. The researcher adopted the descriptive-analytical approach. To collect the needed data, a questionnaire of two dimensions was used. It includes (13) items to measure the effectiveness of using the Google classroom in teaching mathematics curricula from the teacher's point of view and includes (10) items to measure the difficulties of using the Google classroom in teaching mathematics curricula from the teachers' point of view. These tools were applied to (32) male and (31) female as the study sample. They represent mathematics

Diversity has become one of the required phenomena to be available within public organizations, in light of the changes taking place in the global and international environment and in various fields. Therefore, it was imperative to study the impact of this phenomenon in various institutions, especially public ones, in most developing countries, including Iraq. The current research aims to analyze the relationship between The demographic diversity and institutional effectiveness of a sample of workers in public institutions included (500) respondents. The questionnaires were distributed to them randomly. Diversity is considered an independent variable and institutional effectiveness a dependent variable. The researcher used interview tools a