Corruption is a phenomenon that exists in all times and places, they appear in the developing countries and in developed countries, and in all political systems. And its repercussions and economic repercussions on the society in which it is rampant, and lead to the undermining of economic development and obstruction, is also working on increasing poverty and unemployment, as well as its role in the worsening of social problems, and political instability. And corruption is deviant behavior is illegal and contrary to the teachings of the religious and moral values. The emergence of this phenomenon is due to several reasons, including political, economic, social and cultura

Forty lower premolars with single root canals prepared with ProtaperNext files to size 25, and obturated with GP/sealer using lateral compaction. Teeth divided randomly into four groups (group n=10). Protaper universal retreatment kit (PUR), D-Race desobturation files (DRD), R-Endo retreatment kit (RE) and Hedstrom (H) files (control) were used to remove GP/sealer in each group. Removal effectiveness assessed by measuring the GP /sealer remnants in the roots after sectioning them into two halves. Stereomicroscope with a digital camera used to capture digital images. Images processed by ImageJ software to measure the percentage of GP/sealer remnants surface area in total, coronal, middle and apical areas of the canal. In the coronal area,

Sewer system plays an essential task in urban cities by protecting public health and the environment. The operation, maintenance, and rehabilitation of this network have to be sustainable and scientifically. For this purpose, it is crucial to support operators, decision makers and municipalities with performance evaluation procedure that is based on operational factors. In this paper, serviceability and performance indicator (PI) principles are employed to propose methodology comprising two enhanced PI curves that can be used to evaluate the individual sewers depending on operational factors such as flowing velocity and wastewater level in the sewers. To test this methodology; a case study of al-Rusafa in Baghdad city is

Sewer system plays an indispensable task in urban cities by protecting public health and the environment. The operation, maintenance, and rehabilitation of this network have to be in a sustainable and scientific manner. For this purpose, it is important to support operators, decision makers and municipalities with performance evaluation procedure that is based on operational factors. In this paper, serviceability and performance indicator (PI) principles are employed to propose methodology comprising two enhanced PI curves that can be used to evaluate the individual sewers depending on operational factors such as flowing velocity and wastewater level in the sewers. In order to test this methodology; a case study of al-Ru

 Investigating the heavy metals in soil is important to the life of humans and living organisms. Diyala River Lower Reaches was chosen due to the changes in environmental characteristics that took place in recent years. Twelve sediment samples were collected from four different sites. The physical, and chemical properties and the concentrations of nine heavy metals were indicated. The results showed that the average concentrations of arsenic, copper, chromium, cobalt, iron, manganese, nickel, lead, and zinc are 8.5, 45.7, 538.5, 12.2, 5.07, 991.7, 183.5, 16.07, 136.5 ppm, respectively. They reflect contamination with arsenic, chromium, and nickel, while they are free of lead, and zinc contamination, according to the Environmental P

Objective: The study aim to evaluate of women's knowledge and personal preference about the place
of delivery in Baghdad City
Methodology:
descriptive study conducted in baghdad city on the mothers for the period from the 14th of December,
2015 to the 14th of April 2016. The sample of study included 500 mothers who were attending to
primary health care centers have been chosen sample of 26 primary health care center by a multi-stage
Simple random sampling Data was collected through a constructed questionnaire, validity Data was
analyzed by using of descriptive and inferential data analysis methods .
Results: The results indicated that approximately (29.4%) of the mothers in the age group (20-24) and
the average

Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory chronic disease with an autoimmune pathogenesis. To determine the role of Helicobacter pylori as a trigger agent, twenty five patients with rheumatoid arthritis of ages (15-47) years have been investigated and compared with twenty healthy individuals. All the studied groups were carried out to measure the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) IgM, anti-CCP antibody IgG and IgA by ELISA test and by measured anti-IgG antibody level of H. pylori by using ELISA and IFAT techniques. The present study showed significant differences (P< 0.05) of anti-H. Pylori in sera of RA patients than control group, this lead to suggest that H. pylori had a role in pathogenesis of RA.

The research discusses with organizational spirituality and its implications on the organizational performance in the General Company for Food Industries in Abu Ghraib (Baghdad). The aim of the research was to determine the contribution of organizational spirituality in the organizational performance of the surveyed company. In order to achieve the objectives of the research، two main hypotheses were adopted. Several sub-hypotheses centered on the relationship between organizational spirituality and organizational performance in terms of its dimensions (Meaning work، self-esteem، community affiliation،