مفهوم معامل الارتباط كمقياس يربط بين متغيرين هذا يجلب انتباهنا إلى موضوع الإحصاء في كل المستويات. أكثر من ذلك هناك ثلاث نقاط خاصة هي اعتيادياً نشدد عليها كما يأتي:-

(1 معامل الارتباط هو الدليل المعياري والذي قيمته لا تعتمد على قياسات  

    المتغيرات الأصلية.

 (2قيمته تقع في المدى] 1,1-[ .

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Abstract

      In this study, we compare between the autoregressive approximations (Yule-Walker equations, Least Squares , Least Squares ( forward- backword ) and Burg’s (Geometric and Harmonic ) methods, to determine the optimal approximation to the time series generated from the first - order moving Average non-invertible process, and fractionally - integrated noise process, with several values for d (d=0.15,0.25,0.35,0.45) for different sample sizes (small,median,large)for two processes . We depend on figure of merit function which proposed by author Shibata in 1980, to determine the theoretical optimal order according to min

    Natural Language Processing (NLP) deals with analysing, understanding and generating languages likes human. One of the challenges of NLP is training computers to understand the way of learning and using a language as human.  Every training session consists of several types of sentences with different context and linguistic structures. Meaning of a sentence depends on actual meaning of main words with their correct positions. Same word can be used as a noun or adjective or others based on their position. In NLP, Word Embedding is a powerful method which is trained on large collection of texts and encoded general semantic and syntactic information of words. Choosing a right word embedding generates more efficient result than others

      A new approach presented in this study to determine the optimal edge detection threshold value. This approach is base on extracting small homogenous blocks from unequal mean targets. Then, from these blocks we generate small image with known edges (edges represent the lines between the contacted blocks). So, these simulated edges can be assumed as true edges .The true simulated edges, compared with the detected edges in the small generated image is done by using different thresholding values. The comparison based on computing mean square errors between the simulated edge image and the produced edge image from edge detector methods. The mean square error computed for the total edge image (Er), for edge regio

ABSTRUCT

This research aims at examining the expected gap between the fact of planning and controlling process of production at the State Company for Electric Industries and implementation of material requirements planning system in fuzzy environment. Developing solutions to bridge the gap is required to provide specific mechanisms subject to the logic of fuzzy rules that will keep pace with demand for increased accuracy and reduced waiting times depending on demand forecast, investment in inventory to reduce costs to a minimum.

The proposed solutions for overcoming the research problem has required some  questions reflecting the problem with its multiple dimensions, which ar

Voice denoising is the process of removing undesirable voices from the voice signal. Within the environmental noise and after the application of speech recognition system, the discriminative model finds it difficult to recognize the waveform of the voice signal. This is due to the fact that the environmental noise needs to use a suitable filter that does not affect the shaped waveform of the input microphone. This paper plans to build up a procedure for a discriminative model, using infinite impulse response filter (Butterworth filter) and local polynomial approximation (Savitzky-Golay) smoothing filter that is a polynomial regression on the signal values. Signal to noise ratio (SNR) was calculated after filtering to compare the results

<span lang="EN-US">This paper presents the comparison between optimized unscented Kalman filter (UKF) and optimized extended Kalman filter (EKF) for sensorless direct field orientation control induction motor (DFOCIM) drive. The high performance of UKF and EKF depends on the accurate selection of state and noise covariance matrices. For this goal, multi objective function genetic algorithm is used to find the optimal values of state and noise covariance matrices. The main objectives of genetic algorithm to be minimized are the mean square errors (MSE) between actual and estimation of speed, current, and flux. Simulation results show the optimal state and noise covariance matrices can improve the estimation of speed, current, t

The concept of sustainability is one of the modern concepts that influenced the quality of the urban plans for the cities, through the interest in the environmental and social aspects as well as the economic aspect and the need to balance to achieve sustainable development.

The research aims to identify the most prominent methods of sustainable urban land use planning and the strategies developed within these approaches to achieve sustainable development. The research started from the problem of a knowledge gap in adopting sustainable approaches and strategies when planning urban land uses for the holy city of Karbala.

In the theoretical aspect, the concepts of sustainable development, sustainable planning methodologies a