In this work, an estimation of the key rate of measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) protocol in free space was performed. The examined free space links included satellite-earth downlink, uplink and intersatellite link. Various attenuation effects were considered such as diffraction, atmosphere, turbulence and the efficiency of the detection system. Two cases were tested: asymptotic case with infinite number of decoy states and one-decoy state case. The estimated key rate showed the possibility of applying MDI-QKD in earth-satellite and intersatellite links, offering longer single link distance to be covered.

The study aims to elucidation Difference distribution of the labor force by occupation in Sulaymaniyah governorate for the year 2013 by result field study to governorate and explain different Spatially for labor force by career. and The study reaches That Executive staff and Scribes and who join their high ratio from Total the labor force And the second Grade to Specialists and Technicians and who join their While Occupied career Production workers and who join their and Operators Transport Equipment and Engaged the third Grade from the total labor force and Continued Height in career Executive staff and who join their on the male labor force too . while Production workers in second Grade for male labor force , while the female labor for

The unemployment is considered from the most danger problems that our society face them in current time & in the near future , because it makes prodigality for element of human being , particularly age of youth who have ability to work & producing , that resulted in negative effects forecast to dire consequences social and economical dangers . In the same time as will be stated in our explanation in the following in our research , because the unemployment has ability to help to prepare good environment to grow crime , actions of violence that mostly are main cause to decrease living level of majority of citizens & in increasing numbers who became under poverty , the unemployment is economical problem as it is psycholo

This investigation showed (31) species belonging to (15) genera under (five) families and two orders. The leafminers Dipter families (Agromozidae, Anthomyiidae, Drosophilidae), Agromyzid flies is the highest level of investigated many host plants, but other families have lowest host plants. The synonyms of species were provided from GBIF scarlet's. The date and localities of sampling collection were recorded.

Objectives: the aim of the study to assess the most common risk factors of pneumonia at adult and find the
socio-demographic characteristics of sample.
Methodology: the study performed at Ibn-Sina teaching hospital (intensive care unit) and out patient in the same
hospital period of (15 ) November (2006) till (1ا٤) February (2007).The sample of the study includes (65)
patients with pneumonia for different underlying causes who were attending Ibn-Sina teaching hospital age
range (59-68) years is the highest level and is the most common risk factor for pneumonia.
Results: the results of the study most patients' hospital acquired-pneumonia from contamination during
administration to hospital but community acquired-pne

The objective of this study was to investigate and compare among five different methods of contraception including combined oral contraceptive pills (COC), Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), copper Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD), vaginal spermicides and male condom used in Hawler City through estimate of their effect, relative failure rate, percentage of use, adherence and compliance and adverse effects of each contraceptive method. In order to reach to these aims, a retrospective study was conducted in Hawler City in Azadi Health Care Center over a period of 6 months from 22^th November, 2010 to 15^th May, 2011 during which data collection and subjects follow up for 3 months had been achieved. A conv

objective : To assess for Psychological Problems. The study was carried out from 1st of December 2004 to 15th
March, 2005.
Mythology : A descriptive comparative study was conducted for elder in the geriatric home and the community;
A questionnaire was constructed to achieve the purposes of the study; it includes two parts dealing with the
elder demographic characteristics and psychological problems.
A purposive (no probability) sampling of (100) elderly include (50) elderly from the Geriatric Home and (50)
elderly from the community.
Data were collected and analyzed through a descriptive statistical approach (frequency, percentage, mean and
mean of scores, Standard deviation, Relative Sufficiency).
Result : the