Methotrexate (MTX), a folate antagonist agent, is mainly used in treatment of
malignant tumors and autoimmune diseases. The present study was undertaken to
determine whether antioxidant vitamin (vitamin A) could ameliorate methotrexateinduced
oxidative stress in male rabbits. Twenty male rabbits were randomly
assigned into four groups. Group 1: control group, Group 2: MTX-treated group
(received 20 mg/kg MTX intraperitoneally), Group 3: Vit.A treated group received
5000 IU Vit.A orally) and Group 4: MTX+Vit.A treated group received MTX 20
mg/kg plus 5000 IU vit.A). After 4 weeks of treatment, blood samples were
collected by cardiac puncture to determine the serum malondialdehyde (MDA), as a
good indicator for l

Community detection is useful for better understanding the structure of complex networks. It aids in the extraction of the required information from such networks and has a vital role in different fields that range from healthcare to regional geography, economics, human interactions, and mobility. The method for detecting the structure of communities involves the partitioning of complex networks into groups of nodes, with extensive connections within community and sparse connections with other communities. In the literature, two main measures, namely the Modularity (Q) and Normalized Mutual Information (NMI) have been used for evaluating the validation and quality of the detected community structures. Although many optimization algo

Community detection is useful for better understanding the structure of complex networks. It aids in the extraction of the required information from such networks and has a vital role in different fields that range from healthcare to regional geography, economics, human interactions, and mobility. The method for detecting the structure of communities involves the partitioning of complex networks into groups of nodes, with extensive connections within community and sparse connections with other communities. In the literature, two main measures, namely the Modularity (Q) and Normalized Mutual Information (NMI) have been used for evaluating the validation and quality of the detected community structures. Althoug

Background: The aim in vitro study was to isolate and identify salivary mutans Streptococci and determine the ability of Green Tea Extracts and Nicotine to inhibit Growth, Biofilm Formation by salivary mutans streptococci. Materials and methods: This study included a convenient sample of 40 Iraqi volunteers aged 18–23 years old from College of Dentistry \University of Baghdad. Commercial green tea and nicotine were prepared in different concentration to use in agar diffusion method for detect the activity of extract, and ELISA reader in MTP was used to determine the ability of salivary mutans Streptococci to form biofilm in the presence / and absent of extracts.to measure the biofilm inhibition rate. Results: Mutans Streptococci were s

Background: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the microleakage between Vertise Flow T M composite material and other conventional (Filtek Z250, riva light cure and SDR) composite materials when restoring CII mesial box only cavity at gingival margin through die penetration test Materials and methods: Forty maxillary first premolars were prepared with class II box design only cavities. Samples were divided into four groups of ten teeth according to material used: group I (FiltekZ250 only). Group II (SDR+FiltekZ250). Group III (Vertise Flow +FiltekZ250). Group IV (Riva light cure+ FiltekZ250). After 24 hrs. immersion in 2% in methylene blue, samples were sectioned and micro leakage was estimated. Results: None of the

The aims of study is to detect the inhibitory effect of Saccharomyces boulardii and Lactobacillus acidophilus on Escherichia coli that has been isolated from recurrent urinary tract infection in women. The sensitivity of E.coli isolates to antibiotics had been studied and the most resistant E.coli isolate to antibiotics had been studied .The cup assay was used on nutrient agar and Muller-Hinton agar to detect the inhibitory activity for each S.boulardii yeast grown on YEGP media and L.acidophilus grown on MRS media in which the result showed a high inhibition activity for each of them .Also in this study the adhesion property of E.coli had been evaluated in the presence of S.boulardii at concentration of 1×109 and L.acidophilus at conc

       Total flavonoid contents, reductive ability and radical scavenging activity were studied in the methanol extracts of Arum maculatum L. and Physalis peruviana L. The results revealed that A. maculatum extract had total flavonoids of 535.3±109.9 µg/ml, which was significantly higher than the recorded flavonoids in P. peruviana extract (352.0±12.7 µg/ml). Assessment of reductive ability revealed that both extract were effective in such activity and concentration-dependent. The highest absorbance was found at the concentration 0.64 mg/ml of A. maculatum methanol extract (0.929±0.006), which was significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) than the corresponding concentration of P. peruviana extract (0.850

Fifty of urine samples were collected from patients with urinary tract infection
(UTI). The samples were collected from AL- Yarmuk hospital in Baghdad. All of
the isolates were diagnosed using biochemical test and vitek. The result showed that
30 (60%) isolates identified as E.coli from 50 urine samples. The colicinogenic
isolates were determined using cup assay methods. The results showed that 10 out of
30 isolates (33.3%) were detect as colicin producers from 30 isolate identified as
E.coli depending on the clear zone that observed against the sensitive isolate.
Colicin was extracted from the efficient isolate. Colicin activity (320 U/ml) was
determined by well assay method. The protein concentration (520 μg /m

Giardia lamblia is one of most common protozoan cause diarrheas, and the most health problem in development countries worldwide. Our work aimed to assess activity and toxicity of metronidazole loaded silver nanoparticles in treatment of acute giardiasis in mice. After inoculated mice with Giardia cysts in a dose of 105 cyst for acute infection, treatments were given for eight days. Number Giardia cysts in stool were discovered. Toxicity nanoparticles was estimated by Measurement oxidative stress markers (GSH) and (MDA) in liver, kidney tissue homogenate. The results showed single therapy was better effect by silver nanoparticles, highest percentages of reduction in number of cysts Giardia lamblia of infected mice treated with silver nanopar

Apple vinegar has many uses that include burn and wound healing and as an antimicrobial agent against different microorganisms, but not as a solvent. Therefore, this study aimed to use commercial apple vinegar as solvent to the plants of  roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa), green tea (Camellia sinensis), and clove (Syzygium aromaticum). The effects of apple-vinegar extracts of these plants were compared with those of aqueous and ethanolic extracts against biofilm formation by Candida genus. Clove vinegar extract demonstrated antibiofilm activity against C. albicans, alone (2.4907± 0.382) or in combination with the antifungal agents fluconazole (1.689±0.33), nystati