The petroleum sector has a significant influence on the development of multiphase detection sensor techniques; to separate the crude oil from water, the crude oil tank is used. In this paper, a measuring system using a simple and low cost two parallel plate capacitance sensor is designed and implemented based on a Micro controlled embedded system plus PC to automatically identify the (gas/oil) and (oil/water) dynamic multi-interface in the crude oil tank. The Permittivity differences of two-phase liquids are used to determine the interface of them by measuring the relative changes of the sensor’s capacitance when passes through the liquid’s interface. The experiment results to determine the liquid’s interface is sa

The Cu(II) was found using a quick and uncomplicated procedure that involved reacting it with a freshly synthesized ligand to create an orange complex that had an absorbance peak of 481.5 nm in an acidic solution. The best conditions for the formation of the complex were studied from the concentration of the ligand, medium, the eff ect of the addition sequence, the eff ect of temperature, and the time of complex formation. The results obtained are scatter plot extending from 0.1–9 ppm and a linear range from 0.1–7 ppm. Relative standard deviation (RSD%) for n = 8 is less than 0.5, recovery % (R%) within acceptable values, correlation coeffi cient (r) equal 0.9986, coeffi cient of determination (r2) equal to 0.9973, and percentage capita

The gas chromatography (GC) method in analytical chemistry is a quick and accurate method to detect volatile components like ethanol. A method for determining volatile components known as Headspace chromatography (HS-GC) was developed along with an internal standard method (ISM) to identify ethanol in fermented broth in the laboratory. The aim of this research is determining the concentration of ethanol in fermented broth using capillary column (ZB-1). This method can analyze ethanol concentrations in the fermented medium broth ranging from 10 to 200 g/L. The validation of this method was done in order to obtain the results to be of high precision and the significant, precision was represented as the relative standard deviation (RSD) which

Flow-injection (FI) spectrophotometric method has been developed for the analysis of thymol in pharmaceutical preparations. The method is based on organic coupling reaction between thymol and 4-amino antipyrine in the presence of alkaline medium to form an intense stable red color complex with copper nitrate that has a maximum absorption at 490 nm. Optimum conditions for determination of the drug was investigated .The calibration graph was linear over the range of 5-500 µg.ml-1 of thymol . The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 1.81 ?g mL-1 and 3.60 ?g mL-1 respectively .The proposed method was applied satisfactorily to the determination of thymol in mouth wash preparations. The procedure is characterized by

A batch and flow injection (FI) methods with spectrophotometric detection is proposed for determining of two of phenolic drugs: salbutamol sulphate(SLB)and pyridoxine hydrochloride(PYD) in pure and in pharmaceutical formulations. The methods utilized an oxidative-coupling reaction based upon oxidation of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) with sodium periodate, where an electrophilic intermediate (diazonium salt of the reagent) is produced, which couples with either SLB or PYD in the presence of sodium hydroxide yielding a highly colored condensation product. The absorbance is measured after 15min at 525and515 nm for SLB and PYD respectively. Calibration graphs for both batch and FIA methods were linear over the concentration ranges of 1-

Four molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) membranes for Mebeverine.HCl (MBV.HCl) were prepared based on PVC matrix. The imprinted polymers were prepared by polymerization of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulphonic acid (AMPS) as monomer, pentaerythritoltriacrylate (PETRA) as a cross linker ,benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as an initiator and mebeverine as a template. Four different types of plasticizers of different viscosities were used and the electrodes were fully characterized in terms of plasticizer type, response time, lifetime, pH and detection limit.
The MBV-MIP electrodes exhibited Nernstian response in concentration range from 1.0×10-6 to1.0×10-1 M with slopes of 13.98, 19.60, -20.43 and 19.01 mV/ decade. The detection limit and qua

Background: Cytogenetic studies have been used to assess carcinogenic or mutagenic exposures and effects early in occupational, biological and environmental settings. Bacterial infection has not traditionally been considered asa major causes of cancer. Bacteria have been linked to cancer by two mechanisms: induction of chronic inflammation and production of carcinogenic bacterial metabolites.
Objective: Because of new concepts in relating infection with certain malignancies the present study is performed. Therefore this study was conducted to determine the effects of bacterial products associated with biopsies of bladder tumor on human lymphocytes tissue cultures in vitro. Moreover, if there is any relation between these products for

Baghdad governorate has many areas of distinctive architectural and architectural character, which are heritage and valuable areas that we must preserve and take care of. But we see many manifestations of it, which have a negative impact on buildings, areas and roads, so that they distort the view and thus lead to visual pollution in general. The research examined the visual pollution from random advertising, which stretched buildings, walls, electricity poles and sidewalks. The study covered different areas of al-Karkh and al-Rassafa (Jadreya Bridge, Nation Square, Jordan Square, alkindy Street)Most of the distortions were the result of non-removable posters, Handwriting, election candidate adve

Background: The periodic review conducted of acute bacterial meningitis in children younger than 5 years of age in Baghdad to reflect changes in the epidemiological pattern of this infection. 

Patients and Methods: Sixty patients with signs and symptoms suggestive of meningitis who were admitted to Central Teaching Hospital in Baghdad City were included in a prospective study started from the 1st October till the 30th of December 2009. By bacteriological study, biochemical and cytological study in the laboratory, WBCs in the blood with differential count was done to support the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis.
Results: Present study revealed that from (60) patients (6) cases (10.0 %) showed posi